Isaiah
Chapter 31
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World English Bible

Isaiah 31

World English Bible, Verse 1

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1 Woe to those who go down to Egypt for help, and rely on horses, and trust in chariots because they are many, and in horsemen because they are very strong, but they don’t look to the Holy One of Israel, and they don’t seek Yahweh!

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Isaiah 31:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 149
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

ה֣וֹי הַיֹּרְדִ֤ים מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ לְעֶזְרָ֔ה עַל־סוּסִ֖ים יִשָּׁעֵ֑נוּ וַיִּבְטְח֨וּ עַל־רֶ֜כֶב כִּ֣י רָ֗ב וְעַ֤ל פָּֽרָשִׁים֙ כִּֽי־עָצְמ֣וּ מְאֹ֔ד וְלֹ֤א שָׁעוּ֙ עַל־קְד֣וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאֶת־יְהוָ֖ה לֹ֥א דָרָֽשׁוּ׃

26 word entries
ה֣וֹי
Lemma
1945
Morphology
Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H1945
Occurrences
48
הַיֹּרְדִ֤ים
Lemma
d/3381
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + verb qal participle active
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H3381
Occurrences
8
מִצְרַ֨יִם֙
Lemma
4714
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H4714
Occurrences
467
לְעֶזְרָ֔ה
Lemma
l/5833
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H5833
Occurrences
12
עַל
Lemma
5921 a
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H5921
Occurrences
4903
סוּסִ֖ים
Lemma
5483 b
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H5483
Occurrences
71
יִשָּׁעֵ֑נוּ
Lemma
8172
Morphology
Hebrew: verb niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H8172
Occurrences
11
וַיִּבְטְח֨וּ
Lemma
c/982
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H982
Occurrences
21
עַל
Lemma
5921 a
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H5921
Occurrences
4903
רֶ֜כֶב
Lemma
7393
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H7393
Occurrences
56
כִּ֣י
Lemma
3588 a
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H3588
Occurrences
4218
רָ֗ב
Lemma
7227 a
Morphology
Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech
adjective
Strong's
H7227
Occurrences
362
וְעַ֤ל
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + preposition
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H5921
Occurrences
543
פָּֽרָשִׁים֙
Lemma
6571 b
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H6571
Occurrences
22
כִּֽי
Lemma
3588 a
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H3588
Occurrences
4218
עָצְמ֣וּ
Lemma
6105 a
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H6105
Occurrences
12
מְאֹ֔ד
Lemma
3966
Morphology
Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech
adverb
Strong's
H3966
Occurrences
293
וְלֹ֤א
Lemma
c/3808
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + particle
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H3808
Occurrences
1593
שָׁעוּ֙
Lemma
8159
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H8159
Occurrences
12
עַל
Lemma
5921 a
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H5921
Occurrences
4903
קְד֣וֹשׁ
Lemma
6918
Morphology
Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech
adjective
Strong's
H6918
Occurrences
97
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
Lemma
3478
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3478
Occurrences
2260
וְאֶת
Lemma
c/853
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + particle direct object marker
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H853
Occurrences
2230
יְהוָ֖ה
Lemma
3068
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3068
Occurrences
5701
לֹ֥א
Lemma
3808
Morphology
Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H3808
Occurrences
3277
דָרָֽשׁוּ
Lemma
1875
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H1875
Occurrences
103
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Οὐαὶ οἱ καταβαίνοντες εἰς Αἴγυπτον ἐπὶ βοήθειαν, οἱ ἐφʼ ἵπποις πεποιθότες καὶ ἐφʼ ἅρμασιν, ἔστι γὰρ πολλὰ, καὶ ἐφʼ ἵπποις πλῆθος σφόδρα· καὶ οὐκ ἦσαν πεποιθότες ἐπὶ τὸν ἅγιον τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ τὸν κύριον οὐκ ἐζήτησαν·

36 word entries
Οὐαὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
ouai
Morphology
interjection
Gloss
woe
Part of Speech
interjection
Definition
Interjection of grief, warning, or judgment.
Occurrences
66
οἱ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
καταβαίνοντες
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
katabainontes
Morphology
present active participle, nominative masculine plural pattern
Gloss
doing/being ...
Part of Speech
participle
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
9
εἰς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
εἰς
Transliteration
eis
Morphology
preposition with accusative
Gloss
into, to, for
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences
6787
Αἴγυπτον
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Aigypton
Morphology
proper noun, accusative feminine singular
Gloss
Egypt
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Egypt.
Occurrences
600
ἐπὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐπί
Transliteration
epi
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences
6685
βοήθειαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
boetheian
Morphology
aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
Gloss
they ... / ...
Part of Speech
verb/noun form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
31
οἱ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ἐφʼ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐπί
Transliteration
eph
Morphology
preposition, elided form
Gloss
on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences
6685
ἵπποις
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
ippois
Morphology
dative plural masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss
to/for ...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
15
πεποιθότες
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
pepoithotes
Morphology
perfect active participle, nominative masculine plural pattern
Gloss
having ...
Part of Speech
participle
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
31
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐφʼ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐπί
Transliteration
eph
Morphology
preposition, elided form
Gloss
on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences
6685
ἅρμασιν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
armasin
Morphology
dative plural noun pattern or 3rd plural verb ending depending on context
Gloss
to/for ... / they ...
Part of Speech
noun/verb form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
4
ἔστι
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
esti
Morphology
verb, present active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it is
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To be or exist.
Strong's
G1510
Occurrences
5427
γὰρ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
γάρ
Transliteration
gar
Morphology
postpositive explanatory conjunction
Gloss
for, because
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Explanatory or causal conjunction.
Occurrences
1390
πολλὰ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
polla
Morphology
adjective, nominative/accusative neuter plural
Gloss
many, much
Part of Speech
adjective
Definition
Much, many, great, or abundant.
Occurrences
415
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐφʼ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐπί
Transliteration
eph
Morphology
preposition, elided form
Gloss
on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences
6685
ἵπποις
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
ippois
Morphology
dative plural masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss
to/for ...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
15
πλῆθος
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
plethos
Morphology
noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss
multitude, abundance
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Multitude, fullness, quantity, or abundance.
Occurrences
265
σφόδρα
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
sphodra
Morphology
adverb
Gloss
greatly, exceedingly
Part of Speech
adverb
Definition
Very, exceedingly, greatly.
Occurrences
384
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
οὐκ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
οὐ
Transliteration
ou
Morphology
negative particle
Gloss
not
Part of Speech
particle
Definition
Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences
5892
ἦσαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
esan
Morphology
verb, imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss
they were
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To be or exist.
Strong's
G1510
Occurrences
5427
πεποιθότες
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
pepoithotes
Morphology
perfect active participle, nominative masculine plural pattern
Gloss
having ...
Part of Speech
participle
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
31
ἐπὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐπί
Transliteration
epi
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences
6685
τὸν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ἅγιον
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
hagios
Morphology
adjective, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
holy
Part of Speech
adjective
Definition
Holy, sacred, or set apart.
Occurrences
562
τοῦ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
Ἰσραὴλ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Israel
Morphology
proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss
Israel
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Israel; the patriarch, people, or land depending on context.
Occurrences
2695
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
τὸν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
κύριον
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
kyrios
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
Lord, master
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences
7934
οὐκ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
οὐ
Transliteration
ou
Morphology
negative particle
Gloss
not
Part of Speech
particle
Definition
Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences
5892
ἐζήτησαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
ezetesan
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
Gloss
they ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
20
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܝ ܠܕܢܚܬܝܢ ܠܡܨܪܝܢ ܠܡܬܥܕܪܘ ܘܥܠ ܪ̈ܟܫܐ ܡܬܬܟܠܝܢ ܘܡܬܬܟܠܝܢ ܥܠ ܡܪ̈ܟܒܬܐ ܣܓܝܐ̈ܬܐ ܘܥܠ ܦܪ̈ܫܐ ܕܛܒ ܥܫܝܢܝܢ ܘܠܐ ܐܬܬܟܠܘ ܥܠ ܩܕܝܫܐ ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ ܘܠܡܪܝܐ ܠܐ ܒܥܘ

23 word entries
ܘܝ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܘܝ
Transliteration
wy
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
71
ܠܕܢܚܬܝܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
ldnhtyn
Morphology
possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
1
ܠܡܨܪܝܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
lmsryn
Morphology
possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
44
ܠܡܬܥܕܪܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
lmt'drw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
2
ܘܥܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܘܥܠ
Transliteration
w'l
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
687
ܪ̈ܟܫܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
rksh'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
45
ܡܬܬܟܠܝܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
mttklyn
Morphology
possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences
4
ܘܡܬܬܟܠܝܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wmttklyn
Morphology
possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
2
ܥܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܥܠ
Transliteration
'l
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
3346
ܡܪ̈ܟܒܬܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
mrkbt'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
31
ܣܓܝܐ̈ܬܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
sgy't'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
106
ܘܥܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܘܥܠ
Transliteration
w'l
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
687
ܦܪ̈ܫܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
prsh'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
22
ܕܛܒ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܕܛܒ
Transliteration
dtb
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
108
ܥܫܝܢܝܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'shynyn
Morphology
possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences
5
ܘܠܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܘܠܐ
Transliteration
wl'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
1993
ܐܬܬܟܠܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'ttklw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
2
ܥܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܥܠ
Transliteration
'l
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
3346
ܩܕܝܫܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
qdysh'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
120
ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
d'ysryl
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
669
ܘܠܡܪܝܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wlmry'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
5
ܠܐ
Confidence
medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma
ܠܐ
Transliteration
la
Morphology
negative particle
Gloss
not
Occurrences
2566
ܒܥܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܒܥܘ
Transliteration
b'w
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
25
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וַי דְנַחֲתִין לְמִצְרַיִם לְסָעִיד וְעַל סוּסְוָתָא מִסְתַּמְכִין וּמִתְרַחֲצִין עַל רְתִיכַיָא אֲרֵי סַגִיאִין וְעַל פָּרָשַׁיָא אֲרֵי תַקִיפִין לַחֲדָא וְלָא אִסְתְּמִיכוּ עַל מֵימַר קַדִישָׁא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְאוּלְפַן מִן קֳדָם יְיָ לָא תְבָעוּ׃

29 word entries
וַי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
וי
Transliteration
wy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
85
דְנַחֲתִין
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
dnchtyn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
19
לְמִצְרַיִם
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
lmtsrym
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
261
לְסָעִיד
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
ls'yd
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
52
וְעַל
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
ועל
Transliteration
w'l
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
516
סוּסְוָתָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
swswt'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
18
מִסְתַּמְכִין
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
mstmkyn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
2
וּמִתְרַחֲצִין
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
wmtrchtsyn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
9
עַל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
על
Transliteration
'l
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
on, upon, against, concerning
Occurrences
3568
רְתִיכַיָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
rtyky'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
21
אֲרֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
ארי
Transliteration
'ry
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
1969
סַגִיאִין
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
sgy'yn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
188
וְעַל
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
ועל
Transliteration
w'l
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
516
פָּרָשַׁיָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
prshy'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
5
אֲרֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
ארי
Transliteration
'ry
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
1969
תַקִיפִין
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tqypyn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
84
לַחֲדָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
חדא
Transliteration
lchd'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
562
וְלָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
ולא
Transliteration
wl'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
1587
אִסְתְּמִיכוּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'stmykw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
3
עַל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
על
Transliteration
'l
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
on, upon, against, concerning
Occurrences
3568
מֵימַר
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
אמר
Transliteration
mymr
Morphology
prefixed preposition מ + speech root/form
Gloss
from to say, saying
Occurrences
3728
קַדִישָׁא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
qdysh'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
53
דְיִשְׂרָאֵל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
dyshr'l
Morphology
prefixed relative/genitive ד + proper noun
Gloss
of/that Israel
Occurrences
2312
וְאוּלְפַן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
w'wlpn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
119
מִן
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
מן
Transliteration
mn
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
from, out of, than
Occurrences
2836
קֳדָם
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
קדם
Transliteration
qdm
Morphology
prepositional or nominal form
Gloss
before, in front of, east
Occurrences
2023
יְיָ
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
yy
Morphology
divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
Gloss
the Lord
Occurrences
3908
לָא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
לא
Transliteration
l'
Morphology
negative particle
Gloss
not
Occurrences
2611
תְבָעוּ׃
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tb'w
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
41
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

[Væ qui descendunt in Ægyptum ad auxilium, in equis sperantes, et habentes fiduciam super quadrigis, quia multæ sunt; et super equitibus, quia prævalidi nimis; et non sunt confisi super Sanctum Israël, et Dominum non requisierunt !

35 word entries
vae
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
uae
Transliteration
vae
Morphology
GreLa POS: other
Occurrences
129
qui
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
qui
Transliteration
qui
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
15011
descendunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
descendunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
385
in
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
in
Transliteration
in
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss
in
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
in, into, among, on
Etymology
Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences
22264
Aegyptum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
Aegyptum
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
617
ad
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ad
Transliteration
ad
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
7531
auxilium
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
auxilium
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
82
in
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
in
Transliteration
in
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss
in
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
in, into, among, on
Etymology
Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences
22264
equis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
equus
Transliteration
equis
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
161
sperantes
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
spero
Transliteration
sperantes
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
168
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
habentes
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
habeo
Transliteration
habentes
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
1641
fiduciam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
fiducia
Transliteration
fiduciam
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
65
super
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
super
Transliteration
super
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
3146
quadrigis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
quadrigis
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
38
quia
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
quia
Transliteration
quia
Morphology
GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences
2543
multae
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
multus
Transliteration
multae
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
1032
sunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sum
Transliteration
sunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
20614
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
super
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
super
Transliteration
super
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
3146
equitibus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
eques
Transliteration
equitibus
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
96
quia
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
quia
Transliteration
quia
Morphology
GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences
2543
praevalidi
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
praevalidi
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
1
nimis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
nimis
Transliteration
nimis
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
144
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
non
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
non
Transliteration
non
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
7320
sunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sum
Transliteration
sunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
20614
confisi
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
confido
Transliteration
confisi
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
90
super
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
super
Transliteration
super
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
3146
Sanctum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sanctus
Transliteration
Sanctum
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
797
Israhel
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Israel
Transliteration
Israhel
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
2547
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
Dominum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
dominus
Transliteration
Dominum
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
8181
non
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
non
Transliteration
non
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
7320
requisierunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
requiro
Transliteration
requisierunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
78

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Psalms 20:7

Some trust in chariots, and some in horses, but we trust in the name of Yahweh our God.

19 relevance votes

Jeremiah 17:5

Yahweh says: “Cursed is the man who trusts in man, relies on strength of flesh, and whose heart departs from Yahweh.

17 relevance votes

Deuteronomy 17:16

Only he shall not multiply horses to himself, nor cause the people to return to Egypt, to the end that he may multiply horses; because Yahweh has said to you, “You shall not go back that way again.”

15 relevance votes

Jeremiah 2:13

“For my people have committed two evils: they have forsaken me, the spring of living waters, and cut out cisterns for themselves: broken cisterns that can’t hold water.

11 relevance votes

Isaiah 36:9

How then can you turn away the face of one captain of the least of my master’s servants, and put your trust in Egypt for chariots and for horsemen?

10 relevance votes

Daniel 9:13

As it is written in the law of Moses, all this evil has come on us. Yet we have not entreated the favor of Yahweh our God, that we should turn from our iniquities and have discernment in your truth.

9 relevance votes

Isaiah 30:16

but you said, “No, for we will flee on horses;” therefore you will flee; and, “We will ride on the swift;” therefore those who pursue you will be swift.

9 relevance votes

Isaiah 36:6

Behold, you trust in the staff of this bruised reed, even in Egypt, which if a man leans on it, it will go into his hand and pierce it. So is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who trust in him.

7 relevance votes

Ezekiel 17:15

But he rebelled against him in sending his ambassadors into Egypt, that they might give him horses and many people. Will he prosper? Will he who does such things escape? Will he break the covenant, and still escape?

5 relevance votes

Hosea 14:3

Assyria can’t save us. We won’t ride on horses; neither will we say any more to the work of our hands, ‘Our gods!’ for in you the fatherless finds mercy.”

5 relevance votes

Hosea 7:7

They are all hot as an oven, and devour their judges. All their kings have fallen. There is no one among them who calls to me.

5 relevance votes

Isaiah 9:13

Yet the people have not turned to him who struck them, neither have they sought Yahweh of Armies.

5 relevance votes
Chapter 31 of 66 Verse 1 of 9