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Jump to a verse in Isaiah 14

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World English Bible

Isaiah 14

World English Bible, Verse 11

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¹¹ Your pomp is brought down to Sheol, with the sound of your stringed instruments. Maggots are spread out under you, and worms cover you.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Isaiah 14:11. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 69

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

הוּרַ֥ד שְׁא֛וֹל גְּאוֹנֶ֖ךָ הֶמְיַ֣ת נְבָלֶ֑יךָ תַּחְתֶּ֙יךָ֙ יֻצַּ֣ע רִמָּ֔ה וּמְכַסֶּ֖יךָ תּוֹלֵעָֽה׃

10 word entries

הוּרַ֥ד

Lemma: 3381
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hophal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3381
Occurrences: 182

שְׁא֛וֹל

Lemma: 7585
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7585
Occurrences: 50

גְּאוֹנֶ֖ךָ

Lemma: 1347
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1347
Occurrences: 34

הֶמְיַ֣ת

Lemma: 1998
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1998
Occurrences: 1

נְבָלֶ֑יךָ

Lemma: 5035 b
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5035
Occurrences: 10

תַּחְתֶּ֨יךָ֙

Lemma: 8478
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8478
Occurrences: 423

יֻצַּ֣ע

Lemma: 3331
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hophal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3331
Occurrences: 3

רִמָּ֔ה

Lemma: 7415
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7415
Occurrences: 4

וּמְכַסֶּ֖יךָ

Lemma: c/4374
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H4374
Occurrences: 1

תּוֹלֵעָֽה

Lemma: 8438 b
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8438
Occurrences: 14

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Κατέβη εἰς ᾅδου ἡ δόξα σου, ἡ πολλὴ εὐφροσύνη σου· ὑποκάτω σου στρώσουσι σῆψιν, καὶ τὸ κατακάλυμμά σου σκώληξ.

19 word entries

Κατέβη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καταβαίνω
Transliteration: katebe
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it went down
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To go down, descend.
Occurrences: 98

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

ᾅδου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ᾅδης
Transliteration: hadou
Morphology: noun, masculine genitive singular
Gloss: of Hades, of Sheol
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Hades, the underworld, or the realm of the dead.
Occurrences: 66

ἡ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

δόξα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δόξα
Transliteration: doxa
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: glory, honor
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Glory, honor, reputation, or splendor.
Occurrences: 402

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

ἡ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

πολλὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πολύς
Transliteration: polle
Morphology: adjective, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: much, great, many
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: Much, many, great, or abundant.
Occurrences: 415

εὐφροσύνη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: εὐφροσύνη
Transliteration: eyphrosyne
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 125

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

ὑποκάτω

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὑποκάτω
Transliteration: hypokato
Morphology: adverb/preposition
Gloss: under, beneath
Part of Speech: adverb/preposition
Definition: Under or beneath.
Occurrences: 90

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

στρώσουσι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: στρώσουσι
Transliteration: strosoysi
Morphology: verb, present/future active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

σῆψιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: σῆψιν
Transliteration: sepsin
Morphology: accusative singular feminine or third-declension accusative pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

τὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

κατακάλυμμά

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κατακάλυμμά
Transliteration: katakalymma
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

σκώληξ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σκώληξ
Transliteration: skolex
Morphology: third-declension nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 9

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܝܩܪܟ ܢܚܬ ܠܫܝܘܠ ܘܡܝܬ ܟܢܪܟ ܬܚܘܬܝܟ ܬܬܡܟܟ ܪܡܬܐ ܘܬܟܣܝܟ ܬܘܠܥܐ

10 word entries

ܘܐܝܩܪܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܝܩܪܟ
Transliteration: w'yqrk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 3

ܢܚܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܚܬ
Transliteration: nht
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
Occurrences: 39

ܠܫܝܘܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܫܝܘܠ
Transliteration: lshywl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 26

ܘܡܝܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܡܝܬ
Transliteration: wmyt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 85

ܟܢܪܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܢܪܟ
Transliteration: knrk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

ܬܚܘܬܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܚܘܬܝܟ
Transliteration: thwtyk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 4

ܬܬܡܟܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܬܡܟܟ
Transliteration: ttmkk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 4

ܪܡܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܪܡܬܐ
Transliteration: rmt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 62

ܘܬܟܣܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܬܟܣܝܟ
Transliteration: wtksyk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܬܘܠܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܘܠܥܐ
Transliteration: twl''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 3

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

אִתְּחַת לִשְׁאוֹל יְקָרָךְ אִתְרְגוּשַׁת תּוּשְׁבְּחַת זְמָרָךְ תְּחוֹתָךְ יְשַׁווּן רִמָה וְעֵיל מִנָךְ רִיחֲשָׁא׃

12 word entries

אִתְּחַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתחת
Transliteration: 'tcht
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

לִשְׁאוֹל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שאול
Transliteration: lsh'wl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 424

יְקָרָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקרך
Transliteration: yqrk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 26

אִתְרְגוּשַׁת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתרגושת
Transliteration: 'trgwsht
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 24

תּוּשְׁבְּחַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תושבחת
Transliteration: twshbcht
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 15

זְמָרָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: זמרך
Transliteration: zmrk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

תְּחוֹתָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תחותך
Transliteration: tchwtk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 7

יְשַׁווּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ישוון
Transliteration: yshwwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 18

רִמָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רמה
Transliteration: rmh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 4

וְעֵיל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עיל
Transliteration: w'yl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 62

מִנָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מנך
Transliteration: mnk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 108

רִיחֲשָׁא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ריחשא
Transliteration: rychsh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 8

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Detracta est ad inferos superbia tua, concidit cadaver tuum; subter te sternetur tinea, et operimentum tuum erunt vermes.

18 word entries

detracta

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: detraho
Transliteration: detracta
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 65

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ad
Transliteration: ad
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 7531

inferos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: inferi
Transliteration: inferos
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 27

superbia

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: superbia
Transliteration: superbia
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 102

tua

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tua
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

concidit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: concido
Transliteration: concidit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 49

cadaver

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cadauer
Transliteration: cadaver
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 58

tuum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tuum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

subter

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: subter
Transliteration: subter
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 57

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tu
Transliteration: te
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4602

sternetur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sterno
Transliteration: sternetur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 45

tinea

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tinea
Transliteration: tinea
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 12

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

operimentum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: operimentum
Transliteration: operimentum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 23

tuum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tuum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

erunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: erunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

vermes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uermis
Transliteration: vermes
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 23

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Isaiah 14

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Ezekiel 26:13

Isaiah 66:24

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