Hosea 8

World English Bible, Verse 13

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¹³ As for the sacrifices of my offerings, they sacrifice meat and eat it, but Yahweh doesn’t accept them. Now he will remember their iniquity, and punish their sins. They will return to Egypt.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Hosea 8:13. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 106

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

זִבְחֵ֣י הַבְהָבַ֗י יִזְבְּח֤וּ בָשָׂר֙ וַיֹּאכֵ֔לוּ יְהוָ֖ה לֹ֣א רָצָ֑ם עַתָּ֞ה יִזְכֹּ֤ר עֲוֺנָם֙ וְיִפְקֹ֣ד חַטֹּאותָ֔ם הֵ֖מָּה מִצְרַ֥יִם יָשֽׁוּבוּ׃

16 word entries

זִבְחֵ֣י

Lemma: 2077
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2077
Occurrences: 103

הַבְהָבַ֗י

Lemma: 1890
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1890
Occurrences: 1

יִזְבְּח֤וּ

Lemma: 2076
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2076
Occurrences: 63

בָשָׂר֙

Lemma: 1320
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1320
Occurrences: 185

וַיֹּאכֵ֔לוּ

Lemma: c/398
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H398
Occurrences: 240

יְהוָ֖ה

Lemma: 3068
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3068
Occurrences: 5701

לֹ֣א

Lemma: 3808
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 3277

רָצָ֑ם

Lemma: 7521
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7521
Occurrences: 40

עַתָּ֞ה

Lemma: 6258
Morphology: Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech: adverb
Strong's: H6258
Occurrences: 149

יִזְכֹּ֤ר

Lemma: 2142
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2142
Occurrences: 181

עֲוֺנָם֙

Lemma: 5771
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5771
Occurrences: 164

וְיִפְקֹ֣ד

Lemma: c/6485 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H6485
Occurrences: 87

חַטֹּאותָ֔ם

Lemma: 2403 b
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2403
Occurrences: 143

הֵ֖מָּה

Lemma: 1992
Morphology: Hebrew: pronoun
Part of Speech: pronoun
Strong's: H1992
Occurrences: 395

מִצְרַ֥יִם

Lemma: 4714
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4714
Occurrences: 467

יָשֽׁוּבוּ

Lemma: 7725
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7725
Occurrences: 534

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Διότι ἐὰν θύσωσι θυσίαν, καὶ φάγωσι κρέα, Κύριος οὐ προσδέξεται αὐτά· νῦν μνησθήσεται τὰς ἀδικίας αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐκδικήσει τὰς ἁμαρτίας αὐτῶν· αὐτοὶ εἰς Αἴγυπτον ἀπέστρεψαν, καὶ ἐν Ἀσσυρίοις ἀκάθαρτα φάγονται.

30 word entries

Διότι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: διότι
Transliteration: dioti
Morphology: causal conjunction
Gloss: because, for
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Causal conjunction.
Occurrences: 317

ἐὰν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐάν
Transliteration: ean
Morphology: conditional particle
Gloss: if, whenever
Part of Speech: conditional particle
Definition: Conditional particle, often with subjunctive.
Occurrences: 1253

θύσωσι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: θύσωσι
Transliteration: thysosi
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

θυσίαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: θυσία
Transliteration: thysia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: sacrifice, offering
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Sacrifice, offering, or sacrificial act.
Occurrences: 313

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

φάγωσι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: φάγωσι
Transliteration: phagosi
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

κρέα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κρέας
Transliteration: krea
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative plural
Gloss: meats, flesh
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Meat or flesh.
Occurrences: 63

Κύριος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

οὐ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὐ
Transliteration: ou
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences: 5892

προσδέξεται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: προσδέξεται
Transliteration: prosdexetai
Morphology: verb, present/future middle-passive form, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

αὐτά

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

νῦν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: νῦν
Transliteration: nyn
Morphology: adverb
Gloss: now
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: Now, at the present time.
Occurrences: 614

μνησθήσεται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: μνησθήσεται
Transliteration: mnesthesetai
Morphology: verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it will ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 14

τὰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀδικίας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀδικία
Transliteration: adikias
Morphology: noun, feminine genitive singular or accusative plural
Gloss: injustice, unrighteousness
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Injustice, unrighteousness, wrong, or iniquity.
Occurrences: 166

αὐτῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐκδικήσει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐκδικήσει
Transliteration: ekdikesei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 17

τὰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἁμαρτίας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἁμαρτία
Transliteration: hamartia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: sin
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Sin, error, or wrongdoing.
Occurrences: 450

αὐτῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

αὐτοὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

Αἴγυπτον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Αἴγυπτος
Transliteration: Aigypton
Morphology: proper noun, accusative feminine singular
Gloss: Egypt
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Egypt.
Occurrences: 600

ἀπέστρεψαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀπέστρεψαν
Transliteration: apestrepsan
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 24

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

Ἀσσυρίοις

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀσσυρίοις
Transliteration: assyriois
Morphology: dative plural masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: to/for ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

ἀκάθαρτα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀκάθαρτα
Transliteration: akatharta
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 18

φάγονται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐσθίω
Transliteration: phagontai
Morphology: verb, future middle indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they will eat
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To eat.
Occurrences: 274

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܕܒܚܐ ܕܓܒܝܬܐ ܡܕܒܚܝܢ ܘܒܣܪܐ ܐܟܠܝܢ ܘܡܪܝܐ ܠܐ ܨܒܐ ܒܗܘܢ ܡܟܝܠ ܢܬܕܟܪ ܥܘܠܗܘܢ ܘܢܦܩܘܕ ܚܛܗܝܗܘܢ ܘܗܢܘܢ ܠܡܨܪܝܢ ܢܗܦܟܘܢ

17 word entries

ܕܒܚܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܒܚܐ
Transliteration: dbh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 59

ܕܓܒܝܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܓܒܝܬܐ
Transliteration: dgbyt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 2

ܡܕܒܚܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܕܒܚܝܢ
Transliteration: mdbhyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 17

ܘܒܣܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܒܣܪܐ
Transliteration: wbsr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 7

ܐܟܠܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܟܠܝܢ
Transliteration: 'klyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 18

ܘܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܡܪܝܐ
Transliteration: wmry'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 90

ܠܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܠܐ
Transliteration: la
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2566

ܨܒܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܨܒܐ
Transliteration: sb'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 93

ܒܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܗܘܢ
Transliteration: bhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 223

ܡܟܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܟܝܠ
Transliteration: mkyl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 113

ܢܬܕܟܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܬܕܟܪ
Transliteration: ntdkr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 10

ܥܘܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܘܠܗܘܢ
Transliteration: 'wlhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 18

ܘܢܦܩܘܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܢܦܩܘܕ
Transliteration: wnpqwd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 6

ܚܛܗܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܛܗܝܗܘܢ
Transliteration: hthyhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 21

ܘܗܢܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܗܢܘܢ
Transliteration: whnwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 89

ܠܡܨܪܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܨܪܝܢ
Transliteration: lmsryn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 44

ܢܗܦܟܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܗܦܟܘܢ
Transliteration: nhpkwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 21

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

דִבְחִין דִמְגַבָּן מִן אוֹנָס דִבְחִין בִּסְרָא וְאָכְלִין וְקָדָם יְיָ לָא רַעֲוָא בְהוֹן כְּעַן יִסְעַר חוֹבֵיהוֹן וְיִתְפְּרַע עִוְיַתְהוֹן אִינוּן לְמִצְרַיִם יְתוּבוּן׃

20 word entries

דִבְחִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בחין
Transliteration: dbchyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 12

דִמְגַבָּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מגבן
Transliteration: dmgbn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

אוֹנָס

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אונס
Transliteration: 'wns
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 16

דִבְחִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בחין
Transliteration: dbchyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 12

בִּסְרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סרא
Transliteration: bsr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 33

וְאָכְלִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אכלין
Transliteration: w'klyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 30

וְקָדָם

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: קדם
Transliteration: wqdm
Morphology: prefixed conjunction ו + prepositional or nominal form
Gloss: and before, in front of, east
Occurrences: 2023

יְיָ

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יהוה
Transliteration: yy
Morphology: divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
Gloss: the Lord
Occurrences: 3908

לָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: לא
Transliteration: l'
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2611

רַעֲוָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רעוא
Transliteration: r'w'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 102

בְהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הון
Transliteration: bhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1262

כְּעַן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כען
Transliteration: k'n
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 555

יִסְעַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יסער
Transliteration: ys'r
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 8

חוֹבֵיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חוביהון
Transliteration: chwbyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 83

וְיִתְפְּרַע

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתפרע
Transliteration: wytpr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 15

עִוְיַתְהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עויתהון
Transliteration: 'wythwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 7

אִינוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אינון
Transliteration: 'ynwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 449

לְמִצְרַיִם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מצרים
Transliteration: lmtsrym
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 261

יְתוּבוּן׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתובון
Transliteration: ytwbwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 92

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Hostias offerent, immolabunt carnes et comedent, et Dominus non suscipiet eas: nunc recordabitur iniquitatis eorum, et visitabit peccata eorum: ipsi in Ægyptum convertentur.

23 word entries

hostias

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: hostia
Transliteration: hostias
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 119

adfer

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: affero
Transliteration: adfer
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 174

adfer

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: affero
Transliteration: adfer
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 174

immolabunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: immolo
Transliteration: immolabunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 179

carnes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: caro
Transliteration: carnes
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 433

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

comedent

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: comedo
Transliteration: comedent
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 528

Dominus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Dominus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

non

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 7320

suscipiet

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suscipio
Transliteration: suscipiet
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 184

eas

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eas
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

nunc

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nunc
Transliteration: nunc
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 620

recordabitur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: recordor
Transliteration: recordabitur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 126

iniquitatis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: iniquitas
Transliteration: iniquitatis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 460

eorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

visitabit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uisito
Transliteration: visitabit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 98

peccata

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: peccatum
Transliteration: peccata
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 608

eorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

ipsi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ipse
Transliteration: ipsi
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 2134

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

Aegyptum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Aegyptus
Transliteration: Aegyptum
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 617

convertentur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: conuerto
Transliteration: convertentur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 343

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Hosea 8

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Hosea 9:6

Hosea 9:9

Amos 5:22

Amos 8:7

Jeremiah 14:10

Hosea 5:6

Isaiah 1:11

Exodus 20:3

Deuteronomy 28:68

Hosea 11:5

Hosea 4:9

Hosea 7:16