14 But when I saw that they didn’t walk uprightly according to the truth of the Good News, I said to Peter before them all, “If you, being a Jew, live as the Gentiles do, and not as the Jews do, why do you compel the Gentiles to live as the Jews do?
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Galatians 2:14. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
114
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Ἀλλ᾿ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσι πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, εἶπον τῷ Πέτρῳ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων, Εἰ σύ, Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων, ἐθνικῶς ζῇς καὶ οὐκ Ἰουδαϊκῶς, τί τὰ ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν;
30 word entries
Ἀλλ᾿
ὅτε
εἶδον
ὅτι
οὐκ
ὀρθοποδοῦσι
- Lemma
- orqopodousin
- Transliteration
- orqopodousin
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G3716
- Occurrences
- 1
πρὸς
τὴν
ἀλήθειαν
τοῦ
εὐαγγελίου
- Lemma
- euaggeliou
- Transliteration
- euaggeliou
- Morphology
- Greek: noun genitive singular neuter
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G2098
- Occurrences
- 24
εἶπον
τῷ
Πέτρῳ
ἔμπροσθεν
πάντων
Εἰ
σύ
Ἰουδαῖος
ὑπάρχων
ἐθνικῶς
ζῇς
καὶ
οὐκ
Ἰουδαϊκῶς
τί
τὰ
ἔθνη
ἀναγκάζεις
- Lemma
- anagkazeiv
- Transliteration
- anagkazeiv
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active indicative singular
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G315
- Occurrences
- 1
Ἰουδαΐζειν
- Lemma
- ioudaizein
- Transliteration
- ioudaizein
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active infinitive
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G2450
- Occurrences
- 1
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
ἀλλ’ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, εἶπον τῷ Κηφᾷ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων, εἰ σὺ Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καὶ οὐχ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς, πῶς τὰ ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις ἰουδαΐζειν;
30 word entries
πρὸς
τὴν
τοῦ
εὐαγγελίου,
- Lemma
- εὐαγγέλιον
- Morphology
- N-GSN
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G2098
- Occurrences
- 76
τῷ
καὶ
τὰ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܟܕ ܚܙܝܬ ܕܠܐ ܐܙܠܝܢ ܬܪܝܨܐܝܬ ܒܫܪܪܗ ܕܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ ܐܡܪܬ ܠܟܐܦܐ ܠܥܝܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܐܢ ܐܢܬ ܕܝܗܘܕܝܐ ܐܢܬ ܐܪܡܐܝܬ ܚܝܐ ܐܢܬ ܘܠܐ ܝܗܘܕܐܝܬ ܐܝܟܢܐ ܐܠܨ ܐܢܬ ܠܥܡܡܐ ܕܝܗܘܕܐܝܬ ܢܚܘܢ
26 word entries
ܘܟܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܟܕ
- Transliteration
- wkd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 429
ܚܙܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܙܝܬ
- Transliteration
- hzyt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 18
ܕܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 720
ܐܙܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܙܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- 'zlyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 18
ܬܪܝܨܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܪܝܨܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- trys'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 6
ܒܫܪܪܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܫܪܪܗ
- Transliteration
- bshrrh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܘܢܓܠܝܘܢ
- Transliteration
- d'wnglywn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 12
ܐܡܪܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܡܪܬ
- Transliteration
- 'mrt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 52
ܠܟܐܦܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܐܦܐ
- Transliteration
- lk'p'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 20
ܠܥܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܥܝܢ
- Transliteration
- l'yn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 6
ܟܠܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܠܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- klhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 209
ܐܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢ
- Transliteration
- 'n
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 417
ܐܢܬ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܬ
- Transliteration
- ant
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, second singular
- Gloss
- you
- Occurrences
- 491
ܕܝܗܘܕܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܗܘܕܝܐ
- Transliteration
- dyhwdy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 58
ܐܢܬ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܬ
- Transliteration
- ant
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, second singular
- Gloss
- you
- Occurrences
- 491
ܐܪܡܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܪܡܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- 'rm'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
ܚܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܝܐ
- Transliteration
- hy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 108
ܐܢܬ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܬ
- Transliteration
- ant
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, second singular
- Gloss
- you
- Occurrences
- 491
ܘܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܠܐ
- Transliteration
- wl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 732
ܝܗܘܕܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܗܘܕܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- yhwd'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܝܟܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܟܢܐ
- Transliteration
- 'ykn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 261
ܐܠܨ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܠܨ
- Transliteration
- 'ls
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 5
ܐܢܬ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܬ
- Transliteration
- ant
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, second singular
- Gloss
- you
- Occurrences
- 491
ܠܥܡܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܥܡܡܐ
- Transliteration
- l'mm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 19
ܕܝܗܘܕܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܗܘܕܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- dyhwd'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܢܚܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܚܘܢ
- Transliteration
- nhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 7
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Sed cum vidissem quod non recte ambularent ad veritatem Evangelii, dixi Cephæ coram omnibus: Si tu, cum Judæus sis, gentiliter vivis, et non judaice: quomodo gentes cogis judaizare?
28 word entries
sed
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sed
- Transliteration
- sed
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1637
cum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cum
- Transliteration
- cum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 5272
vidissem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uideo
- Transliteration
- vidissem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1988
quod
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quod
- Transliteration
- quod
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1241
non
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- non
- Transliteration
- non
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7320
recte
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- recte
- Transliteration
- recte
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 31
ambularent
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ambulo
- Transliteration
- ambularent
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 412
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 7531
veritatem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ueritas
- Transliteration
- veritatem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 269
evangelii
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- euangelium
- Transliteration
- evangelii
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 78
dixi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dico
- Transliteration
- dixi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6477
Cephae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Cephas
- Transliteration
- Cephae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 8
coram
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- coram
- Transliteration
- coram
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 710
omnibus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- omnis
- Transliteration
- omnibus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5506
si
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- si
- Transliteration
- si
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1970
tu
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tu
- Transliteration
- tu
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4602
cum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cum
- Transliteration
- cum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 5272
Iudaeus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iudaei
- Transliteration
- Iudaeus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 362
sis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
gentiliter
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- gentiliter
- Transliteration
- gentiliter
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
non
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- non
- Transliteration
- non
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7320
iudaice
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iudaicus
- Transliteration
- iudaice
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7
vivis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uiuo
- Transliteration
- vivis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 524
quomodo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quomodo
- Transliteration
- quomodo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 284
gentes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- gens
- Transliteration
- gentes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 873
cogis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cogo
- Transliteration
- cogis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 31
iudaizare
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iudaizo
- Transliteration
- iudaizare
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Galatians 2:5
to whom we gave no place in the way of subjection, not for an hour, that the truth of the Good News might continue with you.
8 relevance votesActs 10:28
He said to them, “You yourselves know how it is an unlawful thing for a man who is a Jew to join himself or come to one of another nation, but God has shown me that I shouldn’t call any man unholy or unclean.
8 relevance votes1 Timothy 5:20
Those who sin, reprove in the sight of all, that the rest also may be in fear.
4 relevance votesProverbs 2:7
He lays up sound wisdom for the upright. He is a shield to those who walk in integrity,
3 relevance votesPsalms 84:11
For Yahweh God is a sun and a shield. Yahweh will give grace and glory. He withholds no good thing from those who walk blamelessly.
3 relevance votesGalatians 6:12
As many as desire to make a good impression in the flesh compel you to be circumcised, just so they may not be persecuted for the cross of Christ.
3 relevance votesActs 15:24
Because we have heard that some who went out from us have troubled you with words, unsettling your souls, saying, ‘You must be circumcised and keep the law,’ to whom we gave no commandment;
2 relevance votesRomans 14:14
I know and am persuaded in the Lord Jesus that nothing is unclean of itself; except that to him who considers anything to be unclean, to him it is unclean.
2 relevance votesGalatians 2:9
and when they perceived the grace that was given to me, James and Cephas and John, those who were reputed to be pillars, gave to Barnabas and me the right hand of fellowship, that we should go to the Gentiles, and they to the circumcision.
2 relevance votesHebrews 12:13
and make straight paths for your feet, so what is lame may not be dislocated, but rather be healed.
2 relevance votesGalatians 2:7
but to the contrary, when they saw that I had been entrusted with the Good News for the uncircumcised, even as Peter with the Good News for the circumcised—
2 relevance votesHebrews 9:10
being only (with foods and drinks and various washings) fleshly ordinances, imposed until a time of reformation.
2 relevance votes