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World English Bible

Ezekiel 31

World English Bible, Verse 2

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² “Son of man, tell Pharaoh king of Egypt and his multitude: ‘Whom are you like in your greatness?

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Ezekiel 31:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 66

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם אֱמֹ֛ר אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֥ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֖יִם וְאֶל־הֲמוֹנ֑וֹ אֶל־מִ֖י דָּמִ֥יתָ בְגָדְלֶֽךָ׃

13 word entries

בֶּן

Lemma: 1121 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1121
Occurrences: 4020

אָדָ֕ם

Lemma: 120
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H120
Occurrences: 338

אֱמֹ֛ר

Lemma: 559
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 1301

אֶל

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

פַּרְעֹ֥ה

Lemma: 6547
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6547
Occurrences: 231

מֶֽלֶךְ

Lemma: 4428
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4428
Occurrences: 1112

מִצְרַ֖יִם

Lemma: 4714
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4714
Occurrences: 467

וְאֶל

Lemma: c/413
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + preposition
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 345

הֲמוֹנ֑וֹ

Lemma: 1995 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1995
Occurrences: 56

אֶל

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

מִ֖י

Lemma: 4310
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H4310
Occurrences: 333

דָּמִ֥יתָ

Lemma: 1819
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1819
Occurrences: 27

בְגָדְלֶֽךָ

Lemma: b/1433
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1433
Occurrences: 3

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

υἱὲ ἀνθρώπου, εἰπὸν πρὸς Φαραὼ βασιλέα Αἰγύπτου καὶ τῷ πλήθει αὐτοῦ, Τίνι ὡμοίωσας σεαυτὸν ἐν τῷ ὕψει σου;

18 word entries

υἱὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

ἀνθρώπου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἄνθρωπος
Transliteration: anthropos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: human, man
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Human being, person, man.
Occurrences: 1305

εἰπὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: eipon
Morphology: aorist active imperative, 2nd singular
Gloss: say
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

πρὸς

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: πρὸς
Transliteration: pros
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with/toward
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: with/toward
Strong's: G4314
Occurrences: 3989

Φαραὼ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Φαραώ
Transliteration: Pharao
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Pharaoh
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Pharaoh.
Occurrences: 267

βασιλέα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: βασιλεύς
Transliteration: basileus
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: king
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: King or ruler.
Occurrences: 3067

Αἰγύπτου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Αἴγυπτος
Transliteration: Aigyptou
Morphology: proper noun, genitive singular
Gloss: of Egypt
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Egypt.
Occurrences: 600

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

πλήθει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πλῆθος
Transliteration: plethos
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: multitude, abundance
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Multitude, fullness, quantity, or abundance.
Occurrences: 265

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Τίνι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: τίς
Transliteration: tis
Morphology: interrogative/indefinite pronoun
Gloss: who, someone
Part of Speech: interrogative/indefinite pronoun
Definition: Interrogative or indefinite pronoun depending on accent/context.
Occurrences: 1124

ὡμοίωσας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ὡμοίωσας
Transliteration: omoiosas
Morphology: aorist active participle nominative masculine singular pattern, or 2nd singular verb depending on context
Gloss: having ...
Part of Speech: participle/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

σεαυτὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σεαυτὸν
Transliteration: seayton
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 32

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὕψει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὕψει
Transliteration: ypsei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܒܪܢܫܐ ܐܡܪ ܠܦܪܥܘܢ ܡܠܟܐ ܕܡܨܪܝܢ ܘܠܥܘܫܢܗ ܠܡ̇ܢ ܕܡܝܬ ܒܪܒܘܬܟ

9 word entries

ܒܪܢܫܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BRNC>
Morphology: BR/-(>NC/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܐܡܪ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >MR
Morphology: !!>MR[
Occurrences: 0

ܠܦܪܥܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LPR<WN
Morphology: L-PR<WN/
Occurrences: 0

ܡܠܟܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MLK>
Morphology: MLK/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܕܡܨܪܝܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DMYRJN
Morphology: D-MYRJN/
Occurrences: 0

ܘܠܥܘܫܢܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WL<WCNH
Morphology: W-L-<WCN/-H
Occurrences: 0

ܠܡ̇ܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LM^N
Morphology: L-MN=
Occurrences: 0

ܕܡܝܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DMJT
Morphology: DMJ[T=
Occurrences: 0

ܒܪܒܘܬܟ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BRBWTK
Morphology: B-RBW/T-K
Occurrences: 0

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

בַּר אָדָם אֲמַר לְפַרְעֹה מַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם וּלְאִתְרְגוּשְׁתֵּהּ לְמָן דְמִיתָא בְּתוּקְפָךְ׃

10 word entries

בַּר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בר
Transliteration: br
Morphology: noun masculine singular
Gloss: son
Occurrences: 2734

אָדָם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אדם
Transliteration: 'dm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 115

אֲמַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: 'mr
Morphology: verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss: said, spoke
Occurrences: 3728

לְפַרְעֹה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פרעה
Transliteration: lpr'h
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 89

מַלְכָּא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מלך
Transliteration: mlk'
Morphology: prefixed preposition מ + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss: from king
Occurrences: 2509

דְמִצְרַיִם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מצרים
Transliteration: dmtsrym
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 261

וּלְאִתְרְגוּשְׁתֵּהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לאתרגושתה
Transliteration: wl'trgwshth
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

לְמָן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: למן
Transliteration: lmn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 40

דְמִיתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מיתא
Transliteration: dmyt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 8

בְּתוּקְפָךְ׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תוקפך
Transliteration: btwqpk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 15

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Fili hominis, dic Pharaoni regi Ægypti et populo ejus: [Cui similis factus es in magnitudine tua?

16 word entries

fili

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filius
Transliteration: fili
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 5067

hominis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: homo
Transliteration: hominis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1653

dic

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dico
Transliteration: dic
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 6477

Pharaoni

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Pharao
Transliteration: Pharaoni
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 125

regi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: rex
Transliteration: regi
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2981

Aegypti

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Aegyptus
Transliteration: Aegypti
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 617

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

populo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: populus
Transliteration: populo
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2030

eius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eius
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

cui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: cui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

similis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: similis
Transliteration: similis
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 199

factus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: facio
Transliteration: factus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 4719

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: es
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

magnitudine

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: magnitudo
Transliteration: magnitudine
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 48

tua

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tua
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Ezekiel 29:19

Therefore the Lord Yahweh says: ‘Behold, I will give the land of Egypt to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon. He will carry off her multitude, take her plunder, and take her prey. That will be the wages for his army.

4 relevance votes

Ezekiel 31:18

“‘To whom are you thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? Yet you will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the lower parts of the earth. You will lie in the middle of the uncircumcised, with those who are slain by the sword. “‘This is Pharaoh and all his multitude,’ says the Lord Yahweh.”

3 relevance votes

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Ezekiel 31

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Ezekiel 29:19

Ezekiel 31:18

Ezekiel 30:10

Jeremiah 1:5

Revelation 10:11

Jeremiah 1:17