4 He cropped off the topmost of its young twigs, and carried it to a land of traffic. He planted it in a city of merchants.
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Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Ezekiel 17:4. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
אֵ֛ת רֹ֥אשׁ יְנִֽיקוֹתָ֖יו קָטָ֑ף וַיְבִיאֵ֙הוּ֙ אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן בְּעִ֥יר רֹכְלִ֖ים שָׂמֽוֹ׃
אֵ֛ת
רֹ֥אשׁ
יְנִֽיקוֹתָ֖יו
קָטָ֑ף
וַיְבִיאֵ֨הוּ֙
אֶ֣רֶץ
בְּעִ֥יר
רֹכְלִ֖ים
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
τὰ ἄκρα τῆς ἁπαλότητος ἀπέκνισε, καὶ ἤνεγκεν αὐτὰ εἰς γῆν Χαναὰν, εἰς πόλιν τετειχισμένην ἔθετο αὐτά.
τὰ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ἄκρα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἄκρα
- Transliteration
- akra
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 17
τῆς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ἁπαλότητος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἁπαλότητος
- Transliteration
- apalotetos
- Morphology
- nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
ἀπέκνισε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἀπέκνισε
- Transliteration
- apeknise
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἤνεγκεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἤνεγκεν
- Transliteration
- enegken
- Morphology
- verb, perfect/aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 14
αὐτὰ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
εἰς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- εἰς
- Transliteration
- eis
- Morphology
- preposition with accusative
- Gloss
- into, to, for
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
- Occurrences
- 6787
γῆν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- γῆ
- Transliteration
- gen
- Morphology
- noun, feminine accusative singular
- Gloss
- earth, land
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Earth, ground, or land.
- Strong's
- G1093
- Occurrences
- 2962
Χαναὰν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Χαναάν
- Transliteration
- Chanaan
- Morphology
- proper noun, indeclinable
- Gloss
- Canaan
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Canaan, land or personal name.
- Occurrences
- 97
εἰς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- εἰς
- Transliteration
- eis
- Morphology
- preposition with accusative
- Gloss
- into, to, for
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
- Occurrences
- 6787
πόλιν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πόλις
- Transliteration
- polis
- Morphology
- noun, feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- city
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- City or town.
- Occurrences
- 1387
τετειχισμένην
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- τετειχισμένην
- Transliteration
- teteichismenen
- Morphology
- accusative singular feminine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
ἔθετο
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- τίθημι
- Transliteration
- etheto
- Morphology
- verb, aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it placed, set
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To put, place, set.
- Occurrences
- 81
αὐτά
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܩܛܡ ܪܝܫ ܡܪܒܝܬܗ ܘܐܝܬܝܗ ܠܐܪܥܐ ܕܟܢܥܢ ܘܣܡܗ ܒܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܬܓܪ̈ܐ
ܘܩܛܡ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- WQVM
- Morphology
- W-QVM=[:d
- Occurrences
- 0
ܪܝܫ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- RJC
- Morphology
- RJC/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܡܪܒܝܬܗ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- MRBJTH
- Morphology
- MRBJ/T-H
- Occurrences
- 0
ܘܐܝܬܝܗ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- W>JTJH
- Morphology
- W-]>](>&JTJ[-H
- Occurrences
- 0
ܠܐܪܥܐ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- L>R<>
- Morphology
- L->R</~>
- Occurrences
- 0
ܕܟܢܥܢ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- DKN<N
- Morphology
- D-KN<N/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܘܣܡܗ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- WSMH
- Morphology
- W-S(WM[-H
- Occurrences
- 0
ܒܡܕܝܢܬܐ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- BMDJNT>
- Morphology
- B-MDJN(>/T~>
- Occurrences
- 0
ܕܬܓܪ̈ܐ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- DTGR">
- Morphology
- D-TGR/(J~>
- Occurrences
- 0
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
יַת רֵישׁ שַׁבִּשְׁתֵּהּ נְסִיב וְאוֹבְלֵיהּ לְאַרְעָא דְבָטְלָא מִפּוּלְחָנָא בְאַרְעָא דִכְנַעַן וְעַד לָא יַעֲלוּן לָהּ בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּקִרְיַת תַּגָרִין שַׁוְיֵיהּ׃
יַת
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ית
- Transliteration
- yt
- Morphology
- accusative/direct object marker
- Gloss
- direct object marker
- Occurrences
- 4303
רֵישׁ
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ריש
- Transliteration
- rysh
- Morphology
- noun masculine singular
- Gloss
- head, chief, beginning
- Occurrences
- 378
שַׁבִּשְׁתֵּהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שבשתה
- Transliteration
- shbshth
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
נְסִיב
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נסיב
- Transliteration
- nsyb
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 119
וְאוֹבְלֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אובליה
- Transliteration
- w'wblyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
לְאַרְעָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ארע
- Transliteration
- l'r''
- Morphology
- prefixed preposition ל + noun feminine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- to/for earth, land
- Occurrences
- 1735
דְבָטְלָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- בטלא
- Transliteration
- dbtl'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 9
מִפּוּלְחָנָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פולחנא
- Transliteration
- mpwlchn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 97
בְאַרְעָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ארע
- Transliteration
- b'r''
- Morphology
- prefixed preposition ב + noun feminine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- in/with earth, land
- Occurrences
- 1735
דִכְנַעַן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- כנען
- Transliteration
- dkn'n
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 25
וְעַד
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ועד
- Transliteration
- w'd
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 181
לָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- לא
- Transliteration
- l'
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 2611
יַעֲלוּן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יעלון
- Transliteration
- y'lwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 28
לָהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לה
- Transliteration
- lh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 260
בֵּית
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- בית
- Transliteration
- byt
- Morphology
- noun construct/absolute
- Gloss
- house, household
- Occurrences
- 2611
יִשְׂרָאֵל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ישראל
- Transliteration
- yshr'l
- Morphology
- proper noun
- Gloss
- Israel
- Occurrences
- 2312
בְּקִרְיַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קרית
- Transliteration
- bqryt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 63
תַּגָרִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תגרין
- Transliteration
- tgryn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 8
שַׁוְיֵיהּ׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שוייה
- Transliteration
- shwyyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 3
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Summitatem frondium ejus avulsit, et transportavit eam in terram Chanaan: in urbe negotiatorum posuit illam.
summitatem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- summitas
- Transliteration
- summitatem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 20
frondium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- frons
- Transliteration
- frondium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 66
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
avellit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- auello
- Transliteration
- avellit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 5
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
transportavit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- transporto
- Transliteration
- transportavit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 2
eam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
terram
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- terra
- Transliteration
- terram
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- earth
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- earth, land, ground
- Etymology
- Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
- Occurrences
- 3087
Chanaan
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Chanaan
- Transliteration
- Chanaan
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 98
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
urbem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- urbs
- Transliteration
- urbem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 365
negotiatorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- negotiator
- Transliteration
- negotiatorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 26
posuit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pono
- Transliteration
- posuit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 894
illam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Jeremiah 51:13
You who dwell on many waters, abundant in treasures, your end has come, the measure of your covetousness.
2 relevance votesRevelation 18:3
For all the nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her sexual immorality, the kings of the earth committed sexual immorality with her, and the merchants of the earth grew rich from the abundance of her luxury.”
2 relevance votesIsaiah 47:15
The things that you labored in will be like this: those who have trafficked with you from your youth will each wander in his own way. There will be no one to save you.
2 relevance votesIsaiah 43:14
Yahweh, your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel says: “For your sake, I have sent to Babylon, and I will bring all of them down as fugitives, even the Chaldeans, in the ships of their rejoicing.
2 relevance votes