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World English Bible

Exodus 10

World English Bible, Verse 16

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¹⁶ Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron in haste, and he said, “I have sinned against Yahweh your God, and against you.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Exodus 10:16. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 69

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיְמַהֵ֣ר פַּרְעֹ֔ה לִקְרֹ֖א לְמֹשֶׁ֣ה וּֽלְאַהֲרֹ֑ן וַיֹּ֗אמֶר חָטָ֛אתִי לַיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֖ם וְלָכֶֽם׃

10 word entries

וַיְמַהֵ֣ר

Lemma: c/4116 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb piel sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H4116
Occurrences: 28

פַּרְעֹ֔ה

Lemma: 6547
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6547
Occurrences: 231

לִקְרֹ֖א

Lemma: l/7121
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7121
Occurrences: 21

לְמֹשֶׁ֣ה

Lemma: l/4872
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4872
Occurrences: 17

וּֽלְאַהֲרֹ֑ן

Lemma: c/l/175
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H175
Occurrences: 5

וַיֹּ֗אמֶר

Lemma: c/559
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 3026

חָטָ֛אתִי

Lemma: 2398
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2398
Occurrences: 191

לַיהוָ֥ה

Lemma: l/3068
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3068
Occurrences: 577

אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֖ם

Lemma: 430
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H430
Occurrences: 1993

וְלָכֶֽם

Lemma: c/l
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Occurrences: 74

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Κατέσπευδε δὲ Φαραὼ καλέσαι Μωυσῆν καὶ Ἀαρὼν, λέγων, ἡμάρτηκα ἐναντίον Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑμῶν, καὶ εἰς ὑμᾶς.

17 word entries

Κατέσπευδε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κατέσπευδε
Transliteration: katespeyde
Morphology: vocative singular, imperative, or 3rd singular verb ending depending on context
Gloss: form requires context
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

Φαραὼ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Φαραώ
Transliteration: Pharao
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Pharaoh
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Pharaoh.
Occurrences: 267

καλέσαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: καλέσαι
Transliteration: kalesai
Morphology: Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 16

Μωυσῆν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Μωυσῆς
Transliteration: Mousen
Morphology: proper noun, accusative singular
Gloss: Moses
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Moses.
Occurrences: 792

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

Ἀαρὼν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἀαρών
Transliteration: Aaron
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Aaron
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Aaron.
Occurrences: 363

λέγων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: legon
Morphology: participle, present active masculine nominative singular
Gloss: saying
Part of Speech: participle
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

ἡμάρτηκα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἡμάρτηκα
Transliteration: emarteka
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 15

ἐναντίον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐναντίον
Transliteration: enantion
Morphology: preposition/adverb
Gloss: before, opposite, against
Part of Speech: preposition/adverb
Definition: Before, opposite, in the presence of, or against.
Occurrences: 414

Κυρίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Θεοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: θεός
Transliteration: theou
Morphology: noun, masculine genitive singular
Gloss: of God
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: God, deity, or divine being.
Strong's: G2316
Occurrences: 3522

ὑμῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

ὑμᾶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

Targum Onkelos Torah Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Torah

Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.

וְאוֹחִי פַרְעֹה לְמִקְרֵי לְמשֶׁה וּלְאַהֲרֹן וַאֲמַר חָבִית קֳדָם יְיָ אֱלָהֲכוֹן וּלְכוֹן:

11 word entries

וְאוֹחִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אוחי
Transliteration: w'wchy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 7

פַרְעֹה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פרעה
Transliteration: pr'h
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 217

לְמִקְרֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מקרי
Transliteration: lmqry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

לְמשֶׁה

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: משה
Transliteration: lmshh
Morphology: prefixed preposition ל + proper noun
Gloss: to/for Moses
Occurrences: 649

וּלְאַהֲרֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לאהרן
Transliteration: wl'hrn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 12

וַאֲמַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: w'mr
Morphology: prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss: and said, spoke
Occurrences: 1144

חָבִית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חבית
Transliteration: chbyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 4

קֳדָם

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: קדם
Transliteration: qdm
Morphology: prepositional or nominal form
Gloss: before, in front of, east
Occurrences: 823

יְיָ

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יהוה
Transliteration: yy
Morphology: divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
Gloss: the Lord
Occurrences: 1694

אֱלָהֲכוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אלהכון
Transliteration: 'lhkwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 87

וּלְכוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לכון
Transliteration: wlkwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 8

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܣܪܗܒ ܦܪܥܘܢ ܠܡܩܪܐ ܠܡܘܫܐ ܘܠܐܗܪܘܢ ܘܐܡ̣ܪ ܠܗܘܢ. ܚ̇ܛܝܬ ܠܡܪܝܐ ܐܠܗܟܘܢ ܘܠܟܘܢ.

11 word entries

ܘܣܪܗܒ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WSRHB
Morphology: W-]S]RHB[
Occurrences: 0

ܦܪܥܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: PR<WN
Morphology: PR<WN/
Occurrences: 0

ܠܡܩܪܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LMQR>
Morphology: L-!M!QR(J&>[/
Occurrences: 0

ܠܡܘܫܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LMWC>
Morphology: L-MWC>/
Occurrences: 0

ܘܠܐܗܪܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WL>HRWN
Morphology: W-L->HRWN/
Occurrences: 0

ܘܐܡ̣ܪ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W>M#R
Morphology: W->MR[
Occurrences: 0

ܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LHWN
Morphology: L-HWN
Occurrences: 0

ܚ̇ܛܝܬ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: X^VJT
Morphology: XVJ[T
Occurrences: 0

ܠܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LMRJ>
Morphology: L-MRJ>/
Occurrences: 0

ܐܠܗܟܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >LHKWN
Morphology: >LH/-KWN
Occurrences: 0

ܘܠܟܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WLKWN
Morphology: W-L-KWN
Occurrences: 0

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Quam ob rem festinus Pharao vocavit Moysen et Aaron, et dixit eis: Peccavi in Dominum Deum vestrum, et in vos.

20 word entries

quam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quam
Transliteration: quam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 426

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ob
Transliteration: ob
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 89

rem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: res
Transliteration: rem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 207

festinus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: festinus
Transliteration: festinus
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 13

Pharao

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Pharas
Transliteration: Pharao
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 31

vocavit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uoco
Transliteration: vocavit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 652

Mosen

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Moses
Transliteration: Mosen
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 737

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

Aaron

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Aaron
Transliteration: Aaron
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 322

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

dixit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dico
Transliteration: dixit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 6477

eis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

peccavi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pecco
Transliteration: peccavi
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 260

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

Dominum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Dominum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

Deum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: deus
Transliteration: Deum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: God
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: God, deity
Etymology: Latin noun for God or a god.
Occurrences: 4889

vestrum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uester
Transliteration: vestrum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 1504

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

vos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uos
Transliteration: vos
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 2958

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Exodus 10

Source Text Study

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