Amos 2

World English Bible, Verse 3

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³ and I will cut off the judge from among them, and will kill all its princes with him,” says Yahweh.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Amos 2:3. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 57

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וְהִכְרַתִּ֥י שׁוֹפֵ֖ט מִקִּרְבָּ֑הּ וְכָל־שָׂרֶ֛יהָ אֶהֱר֥וֹג עִמּ֖וֹ אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ פ

9 word entries

וְהִכְרַתִּ֥י

Lemma: c/3772
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb hiphil sequential perfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3772
Occurrences: 121

שׁוֹפֵ֖ט

Lemma: 8199
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8199
Occurrences: 112

מִקִּרְבָּ֑הּ

Lemma: m/7130
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7130
Occurrences: 43

וְכָל

Lemma: c/3605
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 749

שָׂרֶ֛יהָ

Lemma: 8269
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8269
Occurrences: 272

אֶהֱר֥וֹג

Lemma: 2026
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2026
Occurrences: 93

עִמּ֖וֹ

Lemma: 5973 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5973
Occurrences: 900

אָמַ֥ר

Lemma: 559
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 1301

יְהוָֽה

Lemma: 3068
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3068
Occurrences: 5701

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἐξολοθρεύσω κριτὴν ἐξ αὐτῆς, καὶ πάντας [ἄρχοντας] αὐτῆς ἀποκτενῶ μετʼ αὐτοῦ, λέγει Κύριος.

14 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐξολοθρεύσω

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐξολοθρεύσω
Transliteration: exolothreyso
Morphology: future active indicative, 1st singular pattern
Gloss: I will ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 22

κριτὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κριτὴν
Transliteration: kriten
Morphology: accusative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 7

ἐξ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκ
Transliteration: ek
Morphology: preposition with genitive
Gloss: from, out of
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the genitive; form before a vowel.
Occurrences: 3500

αὐτῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

πάντας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πᾶς
Transliteration: pas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: all, every
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: All, every, whole.
Occurrences: 6138

ἄρχοντας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἄρχων
Transliteration: archon
Morphology: noun/participle substantive, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: ruler, leader
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Ruler, leader, or official.
Occurrences: 577

αὐτῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ἀποκτενῶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀποκτενῶ
Transliteration: apokteno
Morphology: 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
Gloss: I ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 10

μετʼ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μετά
Transliteration: met
Morphology: preposition, elided form
Gloss: with, after
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of μετά.
Occurrences: 2247

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

λέγει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: legei
Morphology: verb, present active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it says
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

Κύριος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܘܒܕ ܕܝ̇ܢܐ ܡܢ ܓܘܗ ܘܟܠܗܘܢ ܪ̈ܘܪܒܢܘܗܝ ܐܚܪܘܒ ܥܡܗ ܐܡܪ ܡܪܝܐ

10 word entries

ܘܐܘܒܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܘܒܕ
Transliteration: w'wbd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 42

ܕܝ̇ܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܝܢܐ
Transliteration: dyn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 177

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܓܘܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܓܘܗ
Transliteration: gwh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 10

ܘܟܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܟܠܗܘܢ
Transliteration: wklhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 210

ܪ̈ܘܪܒܢܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܪܘܪܒܢܘܗܝ
Transliteration: rwrbnwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 13

ܐܚܪܘܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܚܪܘܒ
Transliteration: 'hrwb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2

ܥܡܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܡܗ
Transliteration: 'mh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 328

ܐܡܪ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܐܡܪ
Transliteration: emar
Morphology: verb root/form
Gloss: said, spoke
Occurrences: 1127

ܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܪܝܐ
Transliteration: maryah
Morphology: divine title, emphatic form
Gloss: Lord
Occurrences: 2917

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וָאֱשֵׁיצֵי דַיְנָהָא מִגַוָהּ וְכָל רַבְרְבָהָא אֶקְטוֹל עִמֵיהּ אֲמַר יְיָ׃

9 word entries

וָאֱשֵׁיצֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אשיצי
Transliteration: w'shytsy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 37

דַיְנָהָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ינהא
Transliteration: dynh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 4

מִגַוָהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גוה
Transliteration: mgwh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 65

וְכָל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: וכל
Transliteration: wkl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 550

רַבְרְבָהָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רברבהא
Transliteration: rbrbh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 15

אֶקְטוֹל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אקטול
Transliteration: 'qtwl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 10

עִמֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עמיה
Transliteration: 'myh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 403

אֲמַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: 'mr
Morphology: verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss: said, spoke
Occurrences: 3728

יְיָ׃

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יהוה
Transliteration: yy
Morphology: divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
Gloss: the Lord
Occurrences: 3908

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Et disperdam judicem de medio ejus, et omnes principes ejus interficiam cum eo, dicit Dominus.]

15 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

disperdam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: disperdo
Transliteration: disperdam
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 105

iudicem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: iudex
Transliteration: iudicem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 101

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: de
Transliteration: de
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 4779

medio

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: medius
Transliteration: medio
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 558

eius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eius
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

omnes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omnes
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

principes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: princeps
Transliteration: principes
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 830

eius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eius
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

interficiam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: interficio
Transliteration: interficiam
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 407

cum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cum
Transliteration: cum
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5272

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eo
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

dicit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dico
Transliteration: dicit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 6477

Dominus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Dominus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Amos 2

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Ranked cross references

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