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World English Bible

2 Samuel 3

World English Bible, Verse 33

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³³ The king lamented for Abner, and said, “Should Abner die as a fool dies?

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Samuel 3:33. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 56

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיְקֹנֵ֥ן הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶל־אַבְנֵ֖ר וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הַכְּמ֥וֹת נָבָ֖ל יָמ֥וּת אַבְנֵֽר׃

9 word entries

וַיְקֹנֵ֥ן

Lemma: c/6969
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb polel sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H6969
Occurrences: 5

הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ

Lemma: d/4428
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H4428
Occurrences: 1083

אֶל

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

אַבְנֵ֖ר

Lemma: 74
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H74
Occurrences: 51

וַיֹּאמַ֑ר

Lemma: c/559
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 3026

הַכְּמ֥וֹת

Lemma: d/k/4194
Morphology: Hebrew: particle + preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H4194
Occurrences: 1

נָבָ֖ל

Lemma: 5036
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H5036
Occurrences: 12

יָמ֥וּת

Lemma: 4191
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H4191
Occurrences: 462

אַבְנֵֽר

Lemma: 74
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H74
Occurrences: 51

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἐθρήνησεν ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐπὶ Ἀβεννὴρ, καὶ εἶπεν, εἰ κατὰ τὸν θάνατον Νάβαλ ἀποθανεῖται Ἀβεννήρ;

15 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐθρήνησεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐθρήνησεν
Transliteration: ethrenesen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

βασιλεὺς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: βασιλεύς
Transliteration: basileus
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: king
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: King or ruler.
Occurrences: 3067

ἐπὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐπί
Transliteration: epi
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences: 6685

Ἀβεννὴρ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἀβεννήρ
Transliteration: Abenner
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Abner
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Abner, biblical personal name.
Occurrences: 57

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

εἶπεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: eipen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it said
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

εἰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰ
Transliteration: ei
Morphology: conditional particle
Gloss: if, whether
Part of Speech: conditional particle
Definition: Conditional particle.
Occurrences: 649

κατὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κατά
Transliteration: kata
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: according to, against, down
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of κατά.
Occurrences: 1973

τὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

θάνατον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: θάνατος
Transliteration: thanatos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: death
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Death.
Occurrences: 301

Νάβαλ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Νάβαλ
Transliteration: nabal
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Νάβαλ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 21

ἀποθανεῖται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀποθνῄσκω
Transliteration: apothaneitai
Morphology: verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she will die
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To die.
Occurrences: 322

Ἀβεννήρ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἀβεννήρ
Transliteration: abenner
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἀβεννήρ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Abner, biblical personal name.
Occurrences: 57

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܬܐܒܠ ܡܠܟܐ ܥܠ ܐܒܢܝܪ ܘܐܡܪ ܐܝܟ ܡܘܬܗ ܕܢܒܠ ܡܝܬ ܐܒܢܝܪ

10 word entries

ܘܐܬܐܒܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܬܐܒܠ
Transliteration: w't'bl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 4

ܡܠܟܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܠܟܐ
Transliteration: malka
Morphology: noun, masculine emphatic singular
Gloss: king
Occurrences: 1870

ܥܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠ
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3346

ܐܒܢܝܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܒܢܝܪ
Transliteration: 'bnyr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 31

ܘܐܡܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܡܪ
Transliteration: w'mr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1697

ܐܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܟ
Transliteration: 'yk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2051

ܡܘܬܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܘܬܗ
Transliteration: mwth
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 9

ܕܢܒܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܢܒܠ
Transliteration: dnbl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 9

ܡܝܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܝܬ
Transliteration: myt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
Occurrences: 35

ܐܒܢܝܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܒܢܝܪ
Transliteration: 'bnyr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 31

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וַאֲלָא מַלְכָּא עַל אַבְנֵר וַאֲמַר הַכְּמֵימַת רְשִׁיעִין יְמוּת אַבְנֵר׃

9 word entries

וַאֲלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אלא
Transliteration: w'l'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 28

מַלְכָּא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מלך
Transliteration: mlk'
Morphology: prefixed preposition מ + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss: from king
Occurrences: 2509

עַל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: על
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: on, upon, against, concerning
Occurrences: 3568

אַבְנֵר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אבנר
Transliteration: 'bnr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 62

וַאֲמַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: w'mr
Morphology: prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss: and said, spoke
Occurrences: 3728

הַכְּמֵימַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הכמימת
Transliteration: hkmymt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

רְשִׁיעִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רשיעין
Transliteration: rshy'yn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 27

יְמוּת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ימות
Transliteration: ymwt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 58

אַבְנֵר׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אבנר
Transliteration: 'bnr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 62

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Plangensque rex, et lugens Abner, ait: [Nequaquam ut mori solent ignavi, mortuus est Abner.

13 word entries

plangensque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: plango
Transliteration: plangensque
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 54

{plangensque}

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: que
Transliteration: {plangensque}
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4392

rex

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: rex
Transliteration: rex
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2981

Abner

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Abner
Transliteration: Abner
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 54

ait

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aio
Transliteration: ait
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1222

nequaquam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nequaquam
Transliteration: nequaquam
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 69

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ut
Transliteration: ut
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 4533

mori

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: morior
Transliteration: mori
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 600

solent

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: soleo
Transliteration: solent
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 56

ignavi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ignauus
Transliteration: ignavi
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 1

mortuus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: mortuus
Transliteration: mortuus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 240

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Abner

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: abner
Transliteration: Abner
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 2

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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2 Samuel 3

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Ranked cross references

2 Chronicles 35:25

2 Samuel 1:17

Jeremiah 17:11

Proverbs 18:7