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World English Bible

2 Samuel 2

World English Bible, Verse 18

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¹⁸ The three sons of Zeruiah were there: Joab, Abishai, and Asahel. Asahel was as light of foot as a wild gazelle.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Samuel 2:18. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 94

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיִּֽהְיוּ־שָׁ֗ם שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ בְּנֵ֣י צְרוּיָ֔ה יוֹאָ֥ב וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י וַעֲשָׂהאֵ֑ל וַעֲשָׂהאֵל֙ קַ֣ל בְּרַגְלָ֔יו כְּאַחַ֥ד הַצְּבָיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃

15 word entries

וַיִּֽהְיוּ

Lemma: c/1961
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H1961
Occurrences: 1772

שָׁ֗ם

Lemma: 8033
Morphology: Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech: adverb
Strong's: H8033
Occurrences: 671

שְׁלֹשָׁה֙

Lemma: 7969
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H7969
Occurrences: 309

בְּנֵ֣י

Lemma: 1121 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1121
Occurrences: 4020

צְרוּיָ֔ה

Lemma: 6870
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6870
Occurrences: 26

יוֹאָ֥ב

Lemma: 3097
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3097
Occurrences: 123

וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י

Lemma: c/52
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun proper
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H52
Occurrences: 8

וַעֲשָׂהאֵ֑ל

Lemma: c/6214
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun proper
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H6214
Occurrences: 5

וַעֲשָׂהאֵל֙

Lemma: c/6214
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun proper
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H6214
Occurrences: 5

קַ֣ל

Lemma: 7031
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H7031
Occurrences: 9

בְּרַגְלָ֔יו

Lemma: b/7272
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine dual construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7272
Occurrences: 37

כְּאַחַ֥ד

Lemma: k/259
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + adjective
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H259
Occurrences: 21

הַצְּבָיִ֖ם

Lemma: d/6643 b
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common both gender plural absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H6643
Occurrences: 2

אֲשֶׁ֥ר

Lemma: 834 a
Morphology: Hebrew: particle relative
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H834
Occurrences: 4808

בַּשָּׂדֶֽה

Lemma: b/7704 b
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7704
Occurrences: 92

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἐγένοντο ἐκεῖ τρεῖς υἱοὶ Σαρουία, Ἰωὰβ, καὶ Ἀβεσσὰ, καὶ Ἀσαήλ· καὶ Ἀσαὴλ κοῦφος τοῖς ποσὶν αὐτοῦ· ὡσεὶ μία δορκὰς ἐν ἀγρῷ.

22 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐγένοντο

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γίνομαι
Transliteration: egenonto
Morphology: verb, aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they became, happened
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To become, happen, come to be, or be made.
Occurrences: 1418

ἐκεῖ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκεῖ
Transliteration: ekei
Morphology: adverb
Gloss: there
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: There, in that place.
Occurrences: 751

τρεῖς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: τρεῖς
Transliteration: treis
Morphology: numeral, nominative/accusative masculine/feminine plural
Gloss: three
Part of Speech: numeral
Definition: Three.
Occurrences: 299

υἱοὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

Σαρουία

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σαρουία
Transliteration: saroyia
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

Ἰωὰβ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰωάβ
Transliteration: Ioab
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Joab
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Joab.
Occurrences: 156

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

Ἀβεσσὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἀβεσσὰ
Transliteration: abessa
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἀβεσσὰ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 18

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

Ἀσαήλ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἀσαήλ
Transliteration: asael
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἀσαήλ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

Ἀσαὴλ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἀσαὴλ
Transliteration: asael
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἀσαὴλ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 13

κοῦφος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κοῦφος
Transliteration: koyphos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

τοῖς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ποσὶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ποσὶν
Transliteration: posin
Morphology: dative plural noun pattern or 3rd plural verb ending depending on context
Gloss: to/for ... / they ...
Part of Speech: noun/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 24

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ὡσεὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὡσεί
Transliteration: hosei
Morphology: comparative adverb/conjunction
Gloss: as if, about, like
Part of Speech: adverb/conjunction
Definition: Comparative adverb/conjunction.
Occurrences: 177

μία

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἷς
Transliteration: heis
Morphology: numeral/adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: one
Part of Speech: numeral/adjective
Definition: One, a single one.
Occurrences: 785

δορκὰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: δορκὰς
Transliteration: dorkas
Morphology: accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

ἀγρῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀγρός
Transliteration: agro
Morphology: noun, masculine dative singular
Gloss: field
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Field, countryside, or farm land.
Occurrences: 141

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܗܘܘ ܬܡܢ ܬܠܬܐ ܒܢ̈ܝܗ ܕܨܘܪܝܐ ܝܘܐܒ ܘܐܒܝܫܝ ܘܥܫܐܝܠ ܘܥܫܐܝܠ ܩܠܝܠ ܗܘܐ ܒܪ̈ܓܠܘܗܝ ܐܝܟ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܛܒ̈ܝܐ ܕܒܡܕܒܪܐ

17 word entries

ܘܗܘܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܗܘܘ
Transliteration: whww
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 114

ܬܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܡܢ
Transliteration: tmn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 459

ܬܠܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܠܬܐ
Transliteration: tlt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 126

ܒܢ̈ܝܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܢܝܗ
Transliteration: bnyh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 19

ܕܨܘܪܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܨܘܪܝܐ
Transliteration: dswry'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 3

ܝܘܐܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܘܐܒ
Transliteration: yw'b
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 83

ܘܐܒܝܫܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܒܝܫܝ
Transliteration: w'byshy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 9

ܘܥܫܐܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܥܫܐܝܠ
Transliteration: w'sh'yl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 5

ܘܥܫܐܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܥܫܐܝܠ
Transliteration: w'sh'yl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 5

ܩܠܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܠܝܠ
Transliteration: qlyl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 95

ܗܘܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘܐ
Transliteration: hwa
Morphology: verb, being/becoming root form
Gloss: was, became
Occurrences: 1800

ܒܪ̈ܓܠܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܪܓܠܘܗܝ
Transliteration: brglwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 6

ܐܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܟ
Transliteration: 'yk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2051

ܚܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܕ
Transliteration: hd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 509

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܛܒ̈ܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܒܝܐ
Transliteration: tby'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 4

ܕܒܡܕܒܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܒܡܕܒܪܐ
Transliteration: dbmdbr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 13

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וַהֲווֹ תַמָן תְּלָתָא בְּנֵי צְרוּיָה יוֹאָב וַאֲבִישַׁי וַעֲשָׂהאֵל וַעֲשָׂהאֵל קַלִיל בְּרִיגְלוֹהִי כַּחֲדָא מִן טָבַיָא דִי בְּחַקְלָא׃

16 word entries

וַהֲווֹ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הוו
Transliteration: whww
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 399

תַמָן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תמן
Transliteration: tmn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 618

תְּלָתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תלתא
Transliteration: tlt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 158

בְּנֵי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בר
Transliteration: bny
Morphology: noun plural construct
Gloss: sons, children of
Occurrences: 2734

צְרוּיָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: צרויה
Transliteration: tsrwyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 27

יוֹאָב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יואב
Transliteration: yw'b
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 144

וַאֲבִישַׁי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אבישי
Transliteration: w'byshy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 23

וַעֲשָׂהאֵל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עשהאל
Transliteration: w'shh'l
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 16

וַעֲשָׂהאֵל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עשהאל
Transliteration: w'shh'l
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 16

קַלִיל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קליל
Transliteration: qlyl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 18

בְּרִיגְלוֹהִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ריגלוהי
Transliteration: bryglwhy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

כַּחֲדָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חדא
Transliteration: kchd'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 562

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

טָבַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טביא
Transliteration: tby'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 21

דִי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: די
Transliteration: dy
Morphology: relative/genitive particle
Gloss: of, that, which
Occurrences: 1711

בְּחַקְלָא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חקלא
Transliteration: bchql'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 94

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Erant autem ibi tres filii Sarviæ, Joab, et Abisai, et Asaël: porro Asaël cursor velocissimus fuit, quasi unus de capreis quæ morantur in silvis.

24 word entries

erant

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: erant
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

autem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: autem
Transliteration: autem
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5069

ibi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ibi
Transliteration: ibi
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 517

tres

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tres
Transliteration: tres
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 502

filii

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filius
Transliteration: filii
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 5067

Sarviae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Saruia
Transliteration: Sarviae
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 26

Ioab

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Ioab
Transliteration: Ioab
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 39

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

Abisai

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Abisai
Transliteration: Abisai
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 25

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

Asahel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Asael
Transliteration: Asahel
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 17

porro

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: porro
Transliteration: porro
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 279

Asahel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Asael
Transliteration: Asahel
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 17

cursor

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cursor
Transliteration: cursor
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 9

velocissimus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uelox
Transliteration: velocissimus
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 29

fuit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: fuit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

quasi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quasi
Transliteration: quasi
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 989

unus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: unus
Transliteration: unus
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 1077

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ex
Transliteration: ex
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 1715

capreis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: caprea
Transliteration: capreis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 9

quae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: quae
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

morantur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: moror
Transliteration: morantur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 81

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

silvis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: silua
Transliteration: silvis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 32

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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2 Samuel 2

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

1 Chronicles 12:8

Habakkuk 3:19

Psalms 18:33

Song of Solomon 2:17

Song of Solomon 8:14

2 Samuel 1:23

1 Chronicles 11:26

Ecclesiastes 9:11

1 Samuel 26:6

Amos 2:14