2 Samuel 1

World English Bible, Verse 15

Show original chapter

¹⁵ David called one of the young men and said, “Go near, and cut him down!” He struck him so that he died.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Samuel 1:15. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 69

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיִּקְרָ֣א דָוִ֗ד לְאַחַד֙ מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֔ים וַיֹּ֖אמֶר גַּ֣שׁ פְּגַע־בּ֑וֹ וַיַּכֵּ֖הוּ וַיָּמֹֽת׃

10 word entries

וַיִּקְרָ֣א

Lemma: c/7121
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7121
Occurrences: 350

דָוִ֗ד

Lemma: 1732
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1732
Occurrences: 847

לְאַחַד֙

Lemma: l/259
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + adjective
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H259
Occurrences: 25

מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֔ים

Lemma: m/d/5288
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + particle definite article + noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5288
Occurrences: 6

וַיֹּ֖אמֶר

Lemma: c/559
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 3026

גַּ֣שׁ

Lemma: 5066
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5066
Occurrences: 58

פְּגַע

Lemma: 6293
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H6293
Occurrences: 22

בּ֑וֹ

Lemma: b
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 1362

וַיַּכֵּ֖הוּ

Lemma: c/5221
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb hiphil sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5221
Occurrences: 262

וַיָּמֹֽת

Lemma: c/4191
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H4191
Occurrences: 255

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἐκάλεσε Δαυὶδ ἓν τῶν παιδαρίων αὐτοῦ, καὶ εἶπε, προσελθὼν ἀπάντησον αὐτῷ· καὶ ἐπάταξεν αὐτὸν, καὶ ἀπέθανε.

17 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐκάλεσε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καλέω
Transliteration: ekalese
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it called
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To call, name, summon.
Occurrences: 199

Δαυὶδ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Δαυίδ
Transliteration: David
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: David
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: David.
Occurrences: 1047

ἓν

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: ἓν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 73

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

παιδαρίων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: παιδαρίων
Transliteration: paidarion
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 18

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

εἶπε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: eipe
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it said
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

προσελθὼν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: προσελθὼν
Transliteration: proselthon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

ἀπάντησον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀπάντησον
Transliteration: apanteson
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

αὐτῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐπάταξεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πατάσσω
Transliteration: epataxen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it struck
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To strike, smite, hit, or wound.
Occurrences: 233

αὐτὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἀπέθανε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀποθνῄσκω
Transliteration: apethane
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it died
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To die.
Occurrences: 322

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܩܪܐ ܕܘܝܕ ܠܚܕ ܡܢ ܥ̈ܠܝܡܐ ܘܐܡܪ ܠܗ ܩܪܘܒ ܦܓܥ ܒܗ ܘܩܪܒ ܦܓܥ ܒܗ ܘܡܚܝܗܝ ܘܡܝܬ

15 word entries

ܘܩܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܩܪܐ
Transliteration: wqr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 113

ܕܘܝܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܘܝܕ
Transliteration: dwyd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 617

ܠܚܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܚܕ
Transliteration: lhd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 46

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܥ̈ܠܝܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠܝܡܐ
Transliteration: 'lym'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 52

ܘܐܡܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܡܪ
Transliteration: w'mr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1697

ܠܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܗ
Transliteration: lh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 2252

ܩܪܘܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܪܘܒ
Transliteration: qrwb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3

ܦܓܥ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܦܓܥ
Transliteration: pg'
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 8

ܒܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܗ
Transliteration: bh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 571

ܘܩܪܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܩܪܒ
Transliteration: wqrb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 45

ܦܓܥ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܦܓܥ
Transliteration: pg'
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 8

ܒܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܗ
Transliteration: bh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 571

ܘܡܚܝܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܡܚܝܗܝ
Transliteration: wmhyhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 34

ܘܡܝܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܡܝܬ
Transliteration: wmyt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 85

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וּקְרָא דָוִד לְחַד מֵעוּלֵמַיָא וַאֲמַר קְרַב שְׁלוֹט בֵּיהּ וּמְחָהִי וְקַטְלֵיהּ׃

10 word entries

וּקְרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קרא
Transliteration: wqr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 96

דָוִד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דוד
Transliteration: dwd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1106

לְחַד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לחד
Transliteration: lchd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 17

מֵעוּלֵמַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עולמיא
Transliteration: m'wlmy'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 16

וַאֲמַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: w'mr
Morphology: prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss: and said, spoke
Occurrences: 3728

קְרַב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קרב
Transliteration: qrb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 37

שְׁלוֹט

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שלוט
Transliteration: shlwt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 3

בֵּיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ביה
Transliteration: byh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 359

וּמְחָהִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מחהי
Transliteration: wmchhy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 14

וְקַטְלֵיהּ׃

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: קטל
Transliteration: wqtlyh
Morphology: verbal root קטל
Gloss: killed, slew
Occurrences: 146

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Vocansque David unum de pueris suis, ait: Accedens irrue in eum. Qui percussit illum, et mortuus est.

17 word entries

vocansque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uoco
Transliteration: vocansque
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 652

{vocansque}

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: que
Transliteration: {vocansque}
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4392

David

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Dauid
Transliteration: David
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 1095

unum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: unus
Transliteration: unum
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 1077

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: de
Transliteration: de
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 4779

pueris

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: puer
Transliteration: pueris
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 312

ait

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aio
Transliteration: ait
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1222

accedens

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: accedo
Transliteration: accedens
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 225

inrue

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: irruo
Transliteration: inrue
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 67

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

eum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

percussit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: percutio
Transliteration: percussit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 576

illum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ille
Transliteration: illum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4947

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

mortuus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: mortuus?
Transliteration: mortuus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 50

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Previous Verse

Chapter 1 of 24 Verse 15 of 27

Next Chapter Next Verse

2 Samuel 1

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Proverbs 11:18

1 Kings 2:46

1 Kings 2:34

Job 5:12

1 Kings 2:25

Judges 8:20