13 He also took up Elijah’s mantle that fell from him, and went back and stood by the bank of the Jordan.
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Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Kings 2:13. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וַיָּ֙רֶם֙ אֶת־אַדֶּ֣רֶת אֵלִיָּ֔הוּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָפְלָ֖ה מֵעָלָ֑יו וַיָּ֥שָׁב וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֖ד עַל־שְׂפַ֥ת הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃
וַיָּ֨רֶם֙
אֶת
אַדֶּ֣רֶת
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
נָפְלָ֖ה
מֵעָלָ֑יו
וַיָּ֥שָׁב
וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֖ד
עַל
שְׂפַ֥ת
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καὶ ὕψωσε τὴν μηλωτὴν Ἠλιοὺ, ἣ ἔπεσεν ἐπάνωθεν Ἑλισαιέ· καὶ ἐπέστρεψεν Ἑλισαιὲ, καὶ ἔστη ἐπὶ τοῦ χείλους τοῦ Ἰορδάνου,
Καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ὕψωσε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ὕψωσε
- Transliteration
- ypsose
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 9
τὴν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
μηλωτὴν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- μηλωτὴν
- Transliteration
- meloten
- Morphology
- accusative singular feminine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
Ἠλιοὺ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Ἠλιού
- Transliteration
- Eliou
- Morphology
- proper noun, indeclinable
- Gloss
- Elihu
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Elihu.
- Occurrences
- 87
ἣ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὅς
- Transliteration
- he
- Morphology
- relative pronoun, feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- who, which, that
- Part of Speech
- relative pronoun
- Definition
- Relative pronoun who, which, that.
- Occurrences
- 4123
ἔπεσεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πίπτω
- Transliteration
- epesen
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it fell
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To fall.
- Occurrences
- 207
ἐπάνωθεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἐπάνωθεν
- Transliteration
- epanothen
- Morphology
- verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 30
Ἑλισαιέ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Ἑλισαιέ
- Transliteration
- elisaie
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Ἑλισαιέ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 8
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἐπέστρεψεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπιστρέφω
- Transliteration
- epestrepsen
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she returned, turned back
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To turn, return, or turn back.
- Occurrences
- 149
Ἑλισαιὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Ἐλισαιέ
- Transliteration
- Elisaie
- Morphology
- proper noun, indeclinable
- Gloss
- Elisha
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Elisha, prophetic personal name.
- Occurrences
- 62
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἔστη
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἵστημι
- Transliteration
- este
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active/intransitive indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it stood
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To stand, set, establish, or appoint.
- Occurrences
- 225
ἐπὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- epi
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
τοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
χείλους
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- χείλους
- Transliteration
- cheiloys
- Morphology
- accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 19
τοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Ἰορδάνου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Ἰορδάνης
- Transliteration
- Iordanou
- Morphology
- proper noun, genitive singular
- Gloss
- of Jordan
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Jordan.
- Occurrences
- 179
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܐܪܝܡ ܡܥܦܪܗ ܕܐܠܝܐ ܕܢܦܠ ܡܢܗ ܘܗܦܟ ܘܩܡ ܠܗ ܥܠ ܣܦܬܗ ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ
ܘܐܪܝܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܪܝܡ
- Transliteration
- w'rym
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 39
ܡܥܦܪܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܥܦܪܗ
- Transliteration
- m'prh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3
ܕܐܠܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܠܝܐ
- Transliteration
- d'ly'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 9
ܕܢܦܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܦܠ
- Transliteration
- dnpl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 23
ܡܢܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢܗ
- Transliteration
- mnh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 240
ܘܗܦܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܗܦܟ
- Transliteration
- whpk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 92
ܘܩܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܩܡ
- Transliteration
- wqm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 131
ܠܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗ
- Transliteration
- lh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 2252
ܥܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠ
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3346
ܣܦܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܦܬܗ
- Transliteration
- spth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 7
ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ
- Transliteration
- dywrdnn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 26
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וַאֲרֵים יַת שׁוֹשִׁיפָא דְאֵלִיָהוּ דִי נְפָלַת מִנֵיהּ וְתַב וְקָם עַל כֵּיף יַרְדְנָא׃
וַאֲרֵים
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ארים
- Transliteration
- w'rym
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 37
יַת
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ית
- Transliteration
- yt
- Morphology
- accusative/direct object marker
- Gloss
- direct object marker
- Occurrences
- 4303
שׁוֹשִׁיפָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שושיפא
- Transliteration
- shwshyp'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 4
דְאֵלִיָהוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אליהו
- Transliteration
- d'lyhw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 78
דִי
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- די
- Transliteration
- dy
- Morphology
- relative/genitive particle
- Gloss
- of, that, which
- Occurrences
- 1711
נְפָלַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נפלת
- Transliteration
- nplt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 22
מִנֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ניה
- Transliteration
- mnyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 178
וְתַב
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ותב
- Transliteration
- wtb
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 84
וְקָם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- וקם
- Transliteration
- wqm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 112
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
כֵּיף
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- כיף
- Transliteration
- kyp
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 33
יַרְדְנָא׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ירדנא
- Transliteration
- yrdn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 139
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et levavit pallium Eliæ, quod ceciderat ei: reversusque stetit super ripam Jordanis,
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
levavit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- leuo
- Transliteration
- levavit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 168
pallium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pallium
- Transliteration
- pallium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 47
Heliae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Elias
- Transliteration
- Heliae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 114
quod
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quod
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
ceciderat
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cado
- Transliteration
- ceciderat
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 410
ei
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- ei
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
reversusque
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- reuertor
- Transliteration
- reversusque
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 578
{reversusque}
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- que
- Transliteration
- {reversusque}
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4392
stetit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sto
- Transliteration
- stetit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 646
super
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- super
- Transliteration
- super
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3146
ripam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ripa
- Transliteration
- ripam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 20
Iordanis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iordanes
- Transliteration
- Iordanis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 196
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
1 Kings 19:19
So he departed from there and found Elisha the son of Shaphat, who was plowing with twelve yoke of oxen before him, and he with the twelfth. Elijah went over to him and put his mantle on him.
2 relevance votes2 Kings 2:8
Elijah took his mantle, and rolled it up, and struck the waters; and they were divided here and there, so that they both went over on dry ground.
1 relevance votes1 Kings 9:26
King Solomon made a fleet of ships in Ezion Geber, which is beside Eloth, on the shore of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom.
0 relevance votes