2 Kings 1

World English Bible, Verse 1

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¹ Moab rebelled against Israel after the death of Ahab.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Kings 1:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 40

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיִּפְשַׁ֤ע מוֹאָב֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַחֲרֵ֖י מ֥וֹת אַחְאָֽב׃

6 word entries

וַיִּפְשַׁ֤ע

Lemma: c/6586
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H6586
Occurrences: 10

מוֹאָב֙

Lemma: 4124
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4124
Occurrences: 160

בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל

Lemma: b/3478
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3478
Occurrences: 120

אַחֲרֵ֖י

Lemma: 310 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H310
Occurrences: 539

מ֥וֹת

Lemma: 4194
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4194
Occurrences: 93

אַחְאָֽב

Lemma: 256
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H256
Occurrences: 81

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

ΚΑΙ ἠθέτησε Μωὰβ ἐν Ἰσραὴλ μετὰ τὸ ἀποθανεῖν Ἀχαάβ.

9 word entries

ΚΑΙ

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: και
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 49

ἠθέτησε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἠθέτησε
Transliteration: ethetese
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

Μωὰβ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Μωάβ
Transliteration: Moab
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Moab
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Moab.
Occurrences: 174

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

Ἰσραὴλ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰσραήλ
Transliteration: Israel
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Israel
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Israel; the patriarch, people, or land depending on context.
Occurrences: 2695

μετὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μετά
Transliteration: meta
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with, after
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of μετά.
Occurrences: 2247

τὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀποθανεῖν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀποθνῄσκω
Transliteration: apothanein
Morphology: aorist active infinitive
Gloss: to die
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: To die.
Occurrences: 322

Ἀχαάβ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἀχαάβ
Transliteration: achaab
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἀχαάβ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Ahab.
Occurrences: 92

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܡܪܕ ܡܘܐܒ ܥܠ ܡܠܟܐ ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ ܡܢ ܒܬܪ ܕܡܝܬ ܐܚܒ

9 word entries

ܘܡܪܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܡܪܕ
Transliteration: wmrd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 13

ܡܘܐܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܘܐܒ
Transliteration: mw'b
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 59

ܥܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠ
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3346

ܡܠܟܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܠܟܐ
Transliteration: malka
Morphology: noun, masculine emphatic singular
Gloss: king
Occurrences: 1870

ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ
Transliteration: d'ysryl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 669

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܒܬܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܬܪ
Transliteration: btr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 301

ܕܡܝܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܝܬ
Transliteration: dmyt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 46

ܐܚܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܚܒ
Transliteration: 'hb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 69

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וּמְרָדוּ מוֹאֲבָאֵי בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל בָּתַר דְמִית אַחְאָב׃

6 word entries

וּמְרָדוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מרדו
Transliteration: wmrdw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 16

מוֹאֲבָאֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ואבאי
Transliteration: mw'b'y
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 41

בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ישראל
Transliteration: byshr'l
Morphology: prefixed preposition ב + proper noun
Gloss: in/with Israel
Occurrences: 2312

בָּתַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בתר
Transliteration: btr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 428

דְמִית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מית
Transliteration: dmyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 156

אַחְאָב׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אחאב
Transliteration: 'ch'b
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 95

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Prævaricatus est autem Moab in Israël, postquam mortuus est Achab.

10 word entries

praevaricatus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: praeuaricor
Transliteration: praevaricatus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 46

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

autem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: autem
Transliteration: autem
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5069

Moab

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: moaber
Transliteration: Moab
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 113

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

Israhel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Israel
Transliteration: Israhel
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 2547

postquam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: postquam
Transliteration: postquam
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 174

mortuus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: morior
Transliteration: mortuus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 600

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Ahab

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Aab
Transliteration: Ahab
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 70

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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2 Kings 1

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Ranked cross references

2 Samuel 8:2

2 Kings 8:22

Numbers 24:7

1 Chronicles 18:2

Psalms 60:8

2 Kings 8:20