2 Kings 16

World English Bible, Verse 1

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¹ In the seventeenth year of Pekah the son of Remaliah, Ahaz the son of Jotham king of Judah began to reign.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Kings 16:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 65

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

בִּשְׁנַת֙ שְׁבַֽע־עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֔ה לְפֶ֖קַח בֶּן־רְמַלְיָ֑הוּ מָלַ֛ךְ אָחָ֥ז בֶּן־יוֹתָ֖ם מֶ֥לֶךְ יְהוּדָֽה׃

13 word entries

בִּשְׁנַת֙

Lemma: b/8141
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8141
Occurrences: 145

שְׁבַֽע

Lemma: 7651
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H7651
Occurrences: 293

עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה

Lemma: 6240
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H6240
Occurrences: 336

שָׁנָ֔ה

Lemma: 8141
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8141
Occurrences: 646

לְפֶ֖קַח

Lemma: l/6492
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6492
Occurrences: 2

בֶּן

Lemma: 1121 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1121
Occurrences: 4020

רְמַלְיָ֑הוּ

Lemma: 7425
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7425
Occurrences: 13

מָלַ֛ךְ

Lemma: 4427 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H4427
Occurrences: 158

אָחָ֥ז

Lemma: 271
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H271
Occurrences: 37

בֶּן

Lemma: 1121 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1121
Occurrences: 4020

יוֹתָ֖ם

Lemma: 3147
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3147
Occurrences: 19

מֶ֥לֶךְ

Lemma: 4428
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4428
Occurrences: 1112

יְהוּדָֽה

Lemma: 3063
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3063
Occurrences: 682

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἐν ἔτει ἑπτακαιδεκάτῳ Φακεὲ υἱοῦ Ῥομελίου ἐβασίλευσεν Ἄχαζ υἱὸς Ἰωάθαμ βασιλέως Ἰούδα.

12 word entries

Ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

ἔτει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἔτος
Transliteration: etei
Morphology: noun, neuter dative singular
Gloss: year
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Year.
Occurrences: 657

ἑπτακαιδεκάτῳ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἑπτακαιδεκάτῳ
Transliteration: eptakaidekato
Morphology: dative singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: to/for ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

Φακεὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Φακεὲ
Transliteration: phakee
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Φακεὲ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 11

υἱοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

Ῥομελίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ῥομελίου
Transliteration: omelioy
Morphology: genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 11

ἐβασίλευσεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: βασιλεύω
Transliteration: ebasileusen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it reigned
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To reign, rule as king, or exercise royal authority.
Occurrences: 246

Ἄχαζ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἄχαζ
Transliteration: achaz
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἄχαζ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 34

υἱὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

Ἰωάθαμ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἰωάθαμ
Transliteration: ioatham
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἰωάθαμ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 20

βασιλέως

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: βασιλεύς
Transliteration: basileus
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: king
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: King or ruler.
Occurrences: 3067

Ἰούδα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰούδα
Transliteration: Iouda
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Judah, Judas
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Judah/Judas depending on context.
Occurrences: 692

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܒܫܢܬ ܬܡܢܥܣܪ̈ܐ ܫ̈ܢܝܢ ܠܦܩܚ ܒܪ ܪܘܡܠܝܐ ܡܠܟܐ ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ ܐܡܠܟ ܐܚܙ ܒܪ ܝܘܬܡ ܡܠܟܐ ܕܝܗܘܕܐ

14 word entries

ܒܫܢܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܫܢܬ
Transliteration: bshnt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 88

ܬܡܢܥܣܪ̈ܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܡܢܥܣܪܐ
Transliteration: tmn'sr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 15

ܫ̈ܢܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܢܝܢ
Transliteration: shnyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 272

ܠܦܩܚ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܦܩܚ
Transliteration: lpqh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 1

ܒܪ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܒܪ
Transliteration: bar
Morphology: noun, masculine construct singular
Gloss: son
Occurrences: 1284

ܪܘܡܠܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܪܘܡܠܝܐ
Transliteration: rwmly'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 13

ܡܠܟܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܠܟܐ
Transliteration: malka
Morphology: noun, masculine emphatic singular
Gloss: king
Occurrences: 1870

ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ
Transliteration: d'ysryl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 669

ܐܡܠܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܡܠܟ
Transliteration: 'mlk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 123

ܐܚܙ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܚܙ
Transliteration: 'hz
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 25

ܒܪ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܒܪ
Transliteration: bar
Morphology: noun, masculine construct singular
Gloss: son
Occurrences: 1284

ܝܘܬܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܘܬܡ
Transliteration: ywtm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 12

ܡܠܟܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܠܟܐ
Transliteration: malka
Morphology: noun, masculine emphatic singular
Gloss: king
Occurrences: 1870

ܕܝܗܘܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܝܗܘܕܐ
Transliteration: dyhwd'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 428

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

בִּשְׁנַת שְׁבַע עַסְרֵי שְׁנִין לְפֶקַח בַּר רְמַלְיָהוּ מְלַךְ אָחָז בַּר יוֹתָם מֶלֶךְ שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה׃

15 word entries

בִּשְׁנַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שנת
Transliteration: bshnt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 64

שְׁבַע

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שבע
Transliteration: shb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 132

עַסְרֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עסרי
Transliteration: 'sry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 66

שְׁנִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שנין
Transliteration: shnyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 295

לְפֶקַח

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פקח
Transliteration: lpqch
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 15

בַּר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בר
Transliteration: br
Morphology: noun masculine singular
Gloss: son
Occurrences: 2734

רְמַלְיָהוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רמליהו
Transliteration: rmlyhw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 12

מְלַךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מלך
Transliteration: mlk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2509

אָחָז

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אחז
Transliteration: 'chz
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 46

בַּר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בר
Transliteration: br
Morphology: noun masculine singular
Gloss: son
Occurrences: 2734

יוֹתָם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יותם
Transliteration: ywtm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 24

מֶלֶךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מלך
Transliteration: mlk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2509

שִׁבְטָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שבטא
Transliteration: shbt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 340

דְבֵית

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בית
Transliteration: dbyt
Morphology: prefixed relative/genitive ד + noun construct/absolute
Gloss: of/that house, household
Occurrences: 2611

יְהוּדָה׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יהודה
Transliteration: yhwdh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 745

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Anno decimoseptimo Phacee filii Romeliæ, regnavit Achaz filius Joatham regis Juda.

11 word entries

anno

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: annus
Transliteration: anno
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 831

septimodecimo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: septimodecimus
Transliteration: septimodecimo
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 3

Phacee

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: phacea
Transliteration: Phacee
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 2

filii

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filius
Transliteration: filii
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 5067

Romeliae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Romelia
Transliteration: Romeliae
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 13

regnavit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: regno
Transliteration: regnavit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 342

Ahaz

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Ahaz
Transliteration: Ahaz
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 30

filius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filius
Transliteration: filius
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 5067

Ioatham

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Ioatham
Transliteration: Ioatham
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 24

regis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: rex
Transliteration: regis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2981

Iuda

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Iuda
Transliteration: Iuda
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 970

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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2 Kings 16

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

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Micah 1:1

Isaiah 7:1

Hosea 1:1

2 Kings 15:38