2 In the fifth year of King Rehoboam, Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem, because they had trespassed against Yahweh,
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Chronicles 12:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
63
Editorial Notes
1
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וַיְהִ֞י בַּשָּׁנָ֤ה הַֽחֲמִישִׁית֙ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ רְחַבְעָ֔ם עָלָ֛ה שִׁישַׁ֥ק מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֖יִם עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם כִּ֥י מָעֲל֖וּ בַּיהוָֽה׃
14 word entries
וַיְהִ֞י
בַּשָּׁנָ֤ה
הַֽחֲמִישִׁית֙
לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ
עָלָ֛ה
מֶֽלֶךְ
עַל
יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם
כִּ֥י
מָעֲל֖וּ
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ ἔτει τῷ πέμπτῳ τῆς βασιλείας Ῥοβοὰμ, ἀνέβη Σουσακὶμ βασιλεὺς Αἰγύπτου ἐπὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ, ὅτι ἥμαρτον ἐναντίον Κυρίου,
20 word entries
Καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἐγένετο
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- γίνομαι
- Transliteration
- egeneto
- Morphology
- verb, aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it became, happened
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To become, happen, come to be, or be made.
- Occurrences
- 1418
ἐν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐν
- Transliteration
- en
- Morphology
- preposition with dative
- Gloss
- in, among, with
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the dative.
- Strong's
- G1722
- Occurrences
- 13086
τῷ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ἔτει
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἔτος
- Transliteration
- etei
- Morphology
- noun, neuter dative singular
- Gloss
- year
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Year.
- Occurrences
- 657
τῷ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
πέμπτῳ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- πέμπτῳ
- Transliteration
- pempto
- Morphology
- dative singular masculine/neuter pattern
- Gloss
- to/for ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 18
τῆς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
βασιλείας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- βασιλεία
- Transliteration
- basileia
- Morphology
- noun, feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- kingdom, reign
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Kingdom, reign, royal power, or dominion.
- Occurrences
- 343
Ῥοβοὰμ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Ῥοβοάμ
- Transliteration
- Roboam
- Morphology
- proper noun, indeclinable
- Gloss
- Rehoboam
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Rehoboam, royal personal name.
- Occurrences
- 61
ἀνέβη
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀναβαίνω
- Transliteration
- anebe
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it went up
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To go up, ascend, or come up.
- Occurrences
- 296
Σουσακὶμ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Σουσακὶμ
- Transliteration
- soysakim
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Σουσακὶμ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 11
βασιλεὺς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- βασιλεύς
- Transliteration
- basileus
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- king
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- King or ruler.
- Occurrences
- 3067
Αἰγύπτου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Αἴγυπτος
- Transliteration
- Aigyptou
- Morphology
- proper noun, genitive singular
- Gloss
- of Egypt
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Egypt.
- Occurrences
- 600
ἐπὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- epi
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
Ἱερουσαλὴμ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Ἱερουσαλήμ
- Transliteration
- Hierousalem
- Morphology
- proper noun, indeclinable
- Gloss
- Jerusalem
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Jerusalem.
- Occurrences
- 763
ὅτι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὅτι
- Transliteration
- hoti
- Morphology
- subordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- that, because, for
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Conjunction introducing cause, content, or explanation.
- Occurrences
- 3703
ἥμαρτον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἥμαρτον
- Transliteration
- emarton
- Morphology
- accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 21
ἐναντίον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐναντίον
- Transliteration
- enantion
- Morphology
- preposition/adverb
- Gloss
- before, opposite, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition/adverb
- Definition
- Before, opposite, in the presence of, or against.
- Occurrences
- 414
Κυρίου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κύριος
- Transliteration
- kyrios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- Lord, master
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
- Occurrences
- 7934
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וַהֲוָה בְּשַׁתָּא חֲמִישֵׁיתָא לְמַלְכָּא רְחַבְעָם סְלִיק שֵׁישַׁק מַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם עַל יְרוּשְׁלֵם מְטוּל דִשְׁקָרוּ בְּמֵימְרָא דַיָי׃
15 word entries
וַהֲוָה
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- הוה
- Transliteration
- whwh
- Morphology
- prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root הוה
- Gloss
- and was, became, happened
- Occurrences
- 1114
בְּשַׁתָּא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שתא
- Transliteration
- bsht'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 126
חֲמִישֵׁיתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חמישיתא
- Transliteration
- chmyshyt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 3
לְמַלְכָּא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- מלך
- Transliteration
- lmlk'
- Morphology
- prefixed preposition ל + noun masculine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- to/for king
- Occurrences
- 2509
רְחַבְעָם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רחבעם
- Transliteration
- rchb'm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 57
סְלִיק
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סליק
- Transliteration
- slyq
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 163
שֵׁישַׁק
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שישק
- Transliteration
- shyshq
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 8
מַלְכָּא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- מלך
- Transliteration
- mlk'
- Morphology
- prefixed preposition מ + noun masculine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- from king
- Occurrences
- 2509
דְמִצְרַיִם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מצרים
- Transliteration
- dmtsrym
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 261
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
יְרוּשְׁלֵם
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ירושלם
- Transliteration
- yrwshlm
- Morphology
- proper noun
- Gloss
- Jerusalem
- Occurrences
- 642
מְטוּל
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- טול
- Transliteration
- mtwl
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 322
דִשְׁקָרוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שקרו
- Transliteration
- dshqrw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 17
בְּמֵימְרָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- מימר
- Transliteration
- bmymr'
- Morphology
- prefixed preposition ב + noun masculine emphatic
- Gloss
- in/with word, command, utterance
- Occurrences
- 357
דַיָי׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דיי
- Transliteration
- dyy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1761
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Anno autem quinto regni Roboam, ascendit Sesac rex Ægypti in Jerusalem (quia peccaverant Domino)
14 word entries
anno
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- annus
- Transliteration
- anno
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 831
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
quinto
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quintus
- Transliteration
- quinto
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 72
regni
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- regnum
- Transliteration
- regni
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 499
Roboam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Roboam
- Transliteration
- Roboam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 46
ascendit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ascendo
- Transliteration
- ascendit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 671
Sesac
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Sesac
- Transliteration
- Sesac
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 8
rex
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- rex
- Transliteration
- rex
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2981
Aegypti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Aegyptus
- Transliteration
- Aegypti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 617
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
Hierusalem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Hierosolyma
- Transliteration
- Hierusalem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 852
quia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quia
- Transliteration
- quia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2543
peccaverunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pecco
- Transliteration
- peccaverunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 260
Domino
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dominus
- Transliteration
- Domino
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 8181
Spirit Nation Syriac Peshitta OT Alignment Note
English · Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Structure · Spirit Nation Editorial Note
Coverage: Source-structure exceptions
Explains reader references where the imported tradition does not align one-to-one.
Editorial alignment note: The Syriac/Peshitta source does not expose this exact reader reference as a one-to-one source row. Reader-side public-domain text for this reference: "And it came to pass, that in the fifth year of king Rehoboam Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem, because they had transgressed against the LORD ," This panel is a study bridge only, not a replacement for an ancient source witness.
Source verse imported. Word-by-word lemma, morphology, gloss, and lexicon entries have not been attached for this language/source yet.
These notes explain relevant source panels that are not shown for this verse because of source coverage, licensing, alternate traditions, or versification structure.
-
Syriac Peshitta
missing
A Syriac/Peshitta panel is expected for this section but is not attached yet.
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
1 Kings 11:40
Therefore Solomon sought to kill Jeroboam, but Jeroboam arose and fled into Egypt, to Shishak king of Egypt, and was in Egypt until the death of Solomon.
5 relevance votesIsaiah 63:10
But they rebelled and grieved his Holy Spirit. Therefore he turned and became their enemy, and he himself fought against them.
2 relevance votesLamentations 5:15
The joy of our heart has ceased. Our dance is turned into mourning.
2 relevance votesJeremiah 2:19
“Your own wickedness will correct you, and your backsliding will rebuke you. Know therefore and see that it is an evil and bitter thing, that you have forsaken Yahweh your God, and that my fear is not in you,” says the Lord, Yahweh of Armies.
2 relevance votes1 Chronicles 28:9
You, Solomon my son, know the God of your father, and serve him with a perfect heart and with a willing mind; for Yahweh searches all hearts, and understands all the imaginations of the thoughts. If you seek him, he will be found by you; but if you forsake him, he will cast you off forever.
2 relevance votes