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World English Bible

1 Samuel 31

World English Bible, Verse 13

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¹³ They took their bones and buried them under the tamarisk tree in Jabesh, and fasted seven days.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 Samuel 31:13. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 59

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיִּקְחוּ֙ אֶת־עַצְמֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּקְבְּר֥וּ תַֽחַת־הָאֶ֖שֶׁל בְּיָבֵ֑שָׁה וַיָּצֻ֖מוּ שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים׃ פ

10 word entries

וַיִּקְחוּ֙

Lemma: c/3947
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3947
Occurrences: 500

אֶת

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

עַצְמֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם

Lemma: 6106
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6106
Occurrences: 75

וַיִּקְבְּר֥וּ

Lemma: c/6912
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H6912
Occurrences: 85

תַֽחַת

Lemma: 8478
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8478
Occurrences: 423

הָאֶ֖שֶׁל

Lemma: d/815
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H815
Occurrences: 2

בְּיָבֵ֑שָׁה

Lemma: b/3003
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun proper + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3003
Occurrences: 2

וַיָּצֻ֖מוּ

Lemma: c/6684
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H6684
Occurrences: 9

שִׁבְעַ֥ת

Lemma: 7651
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H7651
Occurrences: 293

יָמִֽים

Lemma: 3117
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3117
Occurrences: 731

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ λαμβάνουσιν τὰ ὀστᾶ αὐτῶν, καὶ θάπτουσιν ὑπὸ τὴν ἄρουραν τὴν ἐν Ἰαβὶς, καὶ νηστεύουσιν ἑπτὰ ἡμέρας.

17 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

λαμβάνουσιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: λαμβάνουσιν
Transliteration: lambanoysin
Morphology: verb, present/future active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὀστᾶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὀστέον
Transliteration: osta
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative plural
Gloss: bones
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Bone.
Occurrences: 80

αὐτῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

θάπτουσιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: θάπτουσιν
Transliteration: thaptoysin
Morphology: verb, present/future active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

ὑπὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὑπό
Transliteration: hypo
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: under, by
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided form of ὑπό.
Occurrences: 443

τὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἄρουραν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἄρουραν
Transliteration: aroyran
Morphology: aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
Gloss: they ... / ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

τὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

Ἰαβὶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἰαβὶς
Transliteration: iabis
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἰαβὶς
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 17

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

νηστεύουσιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: νηστεύουσιν
Transliteration: nesteyoysin
Morphology: verb, present/future active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἑπτὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἑπτά
Transliteration: hepta
Morphology: numeral, indeclinable
Gloss: seven
Part of Speech: numeral
Definition: The numeral seven.
Occurrences: 286

ἡμέρας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἡμέρα
Transliteration: hemera
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: day
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Day.
Occurrences: 2366

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܢܣܒܘ ܓܪ̈ܡܝܗܘܢ ܘܩܒܪܘ ܬܚܝܬ ܠܘܙܐ ܕܒܝܒܝܫ ܘܨܡܘ ܫܒܥܐ ܝܘܡ̈ܝܢ

9 word entries

ܘܢܣܒܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܢܣܒܘ
Transliteration: wnsbw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 41

ܓܪ̈ܡܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܓܪܡܝܗܘܢ
Transliteration: grmyhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 7

ܘܩܒܪܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܩܒܪܘ
Transliteration: wqbrw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 3

ܬܚܝܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܚܝܬ
Transliteration: thyt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
Occurrences: 116

ܠܘܙܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܘܙܐ
Transliteration: lwz'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 3

ܕܒܝܒܝܫ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܒܝܒܝܫ
Transliteration: dbybysh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 2

ܘܨܡܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܨܡܘ
Transliteration: wsmw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 5

ܫܒܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܒܥܐ
Transliteration: shb''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 107

ܝܘܡ̈ܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܘܡܝܢ
Transliteration: ywmyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 136

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וּנְסִיבוּ יַת גַרְמֵיהוֹן וּקְבָרוּ תְּחוֹת אֲשֵׁלָא בְּיָבֵשׁ וְצָמוּ שַׁבְעָא יוֹמִין׃

10 word entries

וּנְסִיבוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נסיבו
Transliteration: wnsybw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 41

יַת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 4303

גַרְמֵיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גרמיהון
Transliteration: grmyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 6

וּקְבָרוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קברו
Transliteration: wqbrw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 27

תְּחוֹת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תחות
Transliteration: tchwt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 145

אֲשֵׁלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אשלא
Transliteration: 'shl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 2

בְּיָבֵשׁ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יבש
Transliteration: bybsh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 44

וְצָמוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: צמו
Transliteration: wtsmw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 5

שַׁבְעָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שבעא
Transliteration: shb''
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 91

יוֹמִין׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יומין
Transliteration: ywmyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 171

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

et tulerunt ossa eorum, et sepelierunt in nemore Jabes, et jejunaverunt septem diebus.

13 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

tulerunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: fero
Transliteration: tulerunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 392

ossa

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: os
Transliteration: ossa
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 657

eorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

sepelierunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sepelio
Transliteration: sepelierunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 157

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

nemore

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nemus
Transliteration: nemore
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 10

Iabes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: iabeo
Transliteration: Iabes
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 12

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

ieiunaverunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ieiuno
Transliteration: ieiunaverunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 39

septem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: septem
Transliteration: septem
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 397

diebus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dies
Transliteration: diebus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2559

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Chapter 31 · 31 of 31 available Verse 13 of 13

1 Samuel 31

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

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