4 “The bows of the mighty men are broken. Those who stumbled are armed with strength.
Jump to another chapter in 1 Samuel
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 Samuel 2:4. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
45
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
קֶ֥שֶׁת גִּבֹּרִ֖ים חַתִּ֑ים וְנִכְשָׁלִ֖ים אָ֥זְרוּ חָֽיִל׃
6 word entries
קֶ֥שֶׁת
גִּבֹּרִ֖ים
וְנִכְשָׁלִ֖ים
אָ֥זְרוּ
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Τόξον δυνατῶν ἠσθένησε, καὶ ἀσθενοῦντες περιεζώσαντο δυνάμιν.
7 word entries
Τόξον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- τόξον
- Transliteration
- toxon
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
- Gloss
- bow
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Bow, either weapon or rainbow-like arc depending on context.
- Occurrences
- 48
δυνατῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- δυνατῶν
- Transliteration
- dynaton
- Morphology
- Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
- Gloss
- of ... / being ...
- Part of Speech
- participle/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 22
ἠσθένησε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἠσθένησε
- Transliteration
- esthenese
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 5
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἀσθενοῦντες
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἀσθενοῦντες
- Transliteration
- asthenoyntes
- Morphology
- present active participle, nominative masculine plural contracted pattern
- Gloss
- doing ...
- Part of Speech
- participle
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
περιεζώσαντο
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- περιεζώσαντο
- Transliteration
- periezosanto
- Morphology
- verb, middle/passive indicative, 3rd plural pattern
- Gloss
- they were ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 3
δυνάμιν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- δυνάμιν
- Transliteration
- dynamin
- Morphology
- accusative singular feminine or third-declension accusative pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܩܫ̈ܬܬܐ ܕܓܢܒܪ̈ܐ ܢܬܬܒܪ̈ܢ ܘܟܪ̈ܝܗܐ ܐܬܥܫܢܘ ܒܚܝܠܐ
6 word entries
ܩܫ̈ܬܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܫܬܬܐ
- Transliteration
- qshtt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 5
ܕܓܢܒܪ̈ܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܓܢܒܪܐ
- Transliteration
- dgnbr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 26
ܢܬܬܒܪ̈ܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܬܬܒܪܢ
- Transliteration
- nttbrn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 6
ܘܟܪ̈ܝܗܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܟܪܝܗܐ
- Transliteration
- wkryh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܐܬܥܫܢܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܬܥܫܢܘ
- Transliteration
- 't'shnw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 8
ܒܚܝܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܚܝܠܐ
- Transliteration
- bhyl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 88
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
עַל מַלְכוּת מַקְדוֹן אִתְנַבִּיאַת וַאֲמַרַת קַשְׁתַּת דְגִבָּרֵי מִקְדוּנָאֵי יִתַּבְּרִין וּדְבֵית חַשְׁמוֹנָאֵי דַהֲווֹ חַלָשִׁין יִתְעַבְּדָן לְהוֹן נִסִין וּגְבוּרָן׃
17 word entries
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
מַלְכוּת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לכות
- Transliteration
- mlkwt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 65
מַקְדוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קדון
- Transliteration
- mqdwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
אִתְנַבִּיאַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אתנביאת
- Transliteration
- 'tnby't
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 4
וַאֲמַרַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אמרת
- Transliteration
- w'mrt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 238
קַשְׁתַּת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קשתת
- Transliteration
- qshtt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
דְגִבָּרֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גברי
- Transliteration
- dgbry
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 109
מִקְדוּנָאֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קדונאי
- Transliteration
- mqdwn'y
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
יִתַּבְּרִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יתברין
- Transliteration
- ytbryn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
וּדְבֵית
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דבית
- Transliteration
- wdbyt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 93
חַשְׁמוֹנָאֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חשמונאי
- Transliteration
- chshmwn'y
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 3
דַהֲווֹ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הוו
- Transliteration
- dhww
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 399
חַלָשִׁין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חלשין
- Transliteration
- chlshyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 12
יִתְעַבְּדָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יתעבדן
- Transliteration
- yt'bdn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 6
לְהוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הון
- Transliteration
- lhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1262
נִסִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נסין
- Transliteration
- nsyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 13
וּגְבוּרָן׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גבורן
- Transliteration
- wgbwrn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 29
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Arcus fortium superatus est, et infirmi accincti sunt robore.
9 word entries
arcus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- arcus
- Transliteration
- arcus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 69
fortium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fortis
- Transliteration
- fortium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 326
superatus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- supero
- Transliteration
- superatus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 34
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
infirmi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- infirmus
- Transliteration
- infirmi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 63
accincti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- accingo
- Transliteration
- accincti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 57
sunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
robore
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- robur
- Transliteration
- robore
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 49
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Psalms 37:15
Their sword shall enter into their own heart. Their bows shall be broken.
6 relevance votesPsalms 76:3
There he broke the flaming arrows of the bow, the shield, and the sword, and the weapons of war. Selah.
6 relevance votesPhilippians 4:13
I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.
5 relevance votesPsalms 46:9
He makes wars cease to the end of the earth. He breaks the bow, and shatters the spear. He burns the chariots in the fire.
5 relevance votesIsaiah 10:4
They will only bow down under the prisoners, and will fall under the slain. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.
4 relevance votesPsalms 37:17
For the arms of the wicked shall be broken, but Yahweh upholds the righteous.
4 relevance votes2 Corinthians 12:9
He has said to me, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.” Most gladly therefore I will rather glory in my weaknesses, that the power of Christ may rest on me.
4 relevance votesHebrews 11:34
quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, from weakness were made strong, grew mighty in war, and caused foreign armies to flee.
4 relevance votesJeremiah 37:10
For though you had struck the whole army of the Chaldeans who fight against you, and only wounded men remained among them, they would each rise up in his tent and burn this city with fire.’”
3 relevance votesEphesians 6:14
Stand therefore, having the utility belt of truth buckled around your waist, and having put on the breastplate of righteousness,
2 relevance votes