23 The garrison of the Philistines went out to the pass of Michmash.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 Samuel 13:23. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
36
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וַיֵּצֵא֙ מַצַּ֣ב פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אֶֽל־מַעֲבַ֖ר מִכְמָֽשׂ׃ ס
6 word entries
וַיֵּצֵא֙
מַצַּ֣ב
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים
מַעֲבַ֖ר
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἐξ ὑποστάσεως τῶν ἀλλοφύλων τὴν ἐν τῷ πέραν Μαχμάς.
11 word entries
Καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἐξῆλθεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐξέρχομαι
- Transliteration
- exelthen
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it went out
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To go out, come out, or depart.
- Occurrences
- 386
ἐξ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐκ
- Transliteration
- ek
- Morphology
- preposition with genitive
- Gloss
- from, out of
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the genitive; form before a vowel.
- Occurrences
- 3500
ὑποστάσεως
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ὑποστάσεως
- Transliteration
- ypostaseos
- Morphology
- adverbial -ως form or perfect participle pattern depending on context
- Gloss
- ...ly / having ...
- Part of Speech
- adverb/participle form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
τῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ἀλλοφύλων
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀλλόφυλος
- Transliteration
- allophylon
- Morphology
- noun/adjective, genitive plural
- Gloss
- of foreigners, Philistines
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective
- Definition
- Foreign, of another people; often Philistine in LXX context.
- Occurrences
- 223
τὴν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ἐν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐν
- Transliteration
- en
- Morphology
- preposition with dative
- Gloss
- in, among, with
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the dative.
- Strong's
- G1722
- Occurrences
- 13086
τῷ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
πέραν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πέραν
- Transliteration
- peran
- Morphology
- adverb/preposition
- Gloss
- beyond, across
- Part of Speech
- adverb/preposition
- Definition
- Beyond or across.
- Occurrences
- 101
Μαχμάς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Μαχμάς
- Transliteration
- machmas
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Μαχμάς
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 8
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܢܦܩܘ ܩܝܡܐ ܕܦܠܫ̈ܬܝܐ ܠܥܒܪܐ ܕܡܟܡܣ
5 word entries
ܘܢܦܩܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܦܩܘ
- Transliteration
- wnpqw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 58
ܩܝܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܝܡܐ
- Transliteration
- qym'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 88
ܕܦܠܫ̈ܬܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܦܠܫܬܝܐ
- Transliteration
- dplshty'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 88
ܠܥܒܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܥܒܪܐ
- Transliteration
- l'br'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 5
ܕܡܟܡܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܟܡܣ
- Transliteration
- dmkms
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וּנְפַק אִסְטַרְטִיג פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי לִמְגִיזַת מִכְמָשׁ׃
5 word entries
וּנְפַק
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- נפק
- Transliteration
- wnpq
- Morphology
- prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root נפק
- Gloss
- and went out, came forth
- Occurrences
- 177
אִסְטַרְטִיג
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אסטרטיג
- Transliteration
- 'strtyg
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 5
פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פלשתאי
- Transliteration
- plsht'y
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 256
לִמְגִיזַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מגיזת
- Transliteration
- lmgyzt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
מִכְמָשׁ׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- כמש
- Transliteration
- mkmsh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Egressa est autem statio Philisthiim, ut transcenderet in Machmas.
9 word entries
egressa
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- egredior
- Transliteration
- egressa
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 667
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
statio
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- statio
- Transliteration
- statio
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 16
Philisthim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Philisthim
- Transliteration
- Philisthim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 133
ut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ut
- Transliteration
- ut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4533
transcenderet
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- transcendo
- Transliteration
- transcenderet
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 5
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
Machmas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Machnas
- Transliteration
- Machmas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 8
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Isaiah 10:28
He has come to Aiath. He has passed through Migron. At Michmash he stores his baggage.
5 relevance votes1 Samuel 14:1
Now it happened on a day that Jonathan the son of Saul said to the young man who bore his armor, “Come! Let’s go over to the Philistines’ garrison that is on the other side.” But he didn’t tell his father.
4 relevance votes2 Samuel 23:14
David was then in the stronghold; and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Bethlehem.
2 relevance votes1 Samuel 13:5
The Philistines assembled themselves together to fight with Israel: thirty thousand chariots, six thousand horsemen, and people as the sand which is on the seashore in multitude. They came up and encamped in Michmash, eastward of Beth Aven.
2 relevance votes