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World English Bible

1 Maccabees 9

World English Bible, Verse 31

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³¹ So Jonathan took the governance upon him at that time, and rose up in the place of his brother Judas.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 Maccabees 9:31. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 3

Word Entries 38

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἐπεδέξατο Ἰωνάθαν ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ τὴν ἥγησιν, καὶ ἀνέστη ἀντὶ Ἰούδα τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ.

16 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐπεδέξατο

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐπεδέξατο
Transliteration: epedexato
Morphology: verb, middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she was ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

Ἰωνάθαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰωνάθαν
Transliteration: Ionathan
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Jonathan
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Jonathan.
Occurrences: 218

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

καιρῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καιρός
Transliteration: kairo
Morphology: noun, masculine dative singular
Gloss: time, season
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Time, season, or appointed moment.
Occurrences: 329

ἐκείνῳ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκεῖνος
Transliteration: ekeino
Morphology: demonstrative pronoun, dative masculine/neuter singular
Gloss: to/for that one
Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun
Definition: That, that one.
Occurrences: 490

τὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἥγησιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἥγησιν
Transliteration: egesin
Morphology: dative plural noun pattern or 3rd plural verb ending depending on context
Gloss: to/for ... / they ...
Part of Speech: noun/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἀνέστη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀνίστημι
Transliteration: aneste
Morphology: verb, aorist active/intransitive indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it arose, stood up
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To rise, stand up, arise, or raise.
Occurrences: 216

ἀντὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀντί
Transliteration: anti
Morphology: preposition with genitive
Gloss: instead of, in exchange for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided form of ἀντί.
Occurrences: 370

Ἰούδα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰούδα
Transliteration: Iouda
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Judah, Judas
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Judah/Judas depending on context.
Occurrences: 692

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀδελφοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀδελφός
Transliteration: adelphos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: brother
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Brother, kinsman, or member of a people.
Occurrences: 739

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܩܒܠ ܝܘܢܬܢ ܒܗܘ ܙܒܢܐ ܕܢܗܘܐ ܡܕܒܪܢܐ ܘܩܡ ܚܠܦ ܝܗܘܕܐ ܐܚܘܗܝ

10 word entries

ܘܩܒܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܩܒܠ
Transliteration: wqbl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 14

ܝܘܢܬܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܘܢܬܢ
Transliteration: ywntn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 147

ܒܗܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܗܘ
Transliteration: bhw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 37

ܙܒܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܙܒܢܐ
Transliteration: zbn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 147

ܕܢܗܘܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܢܗܘܐ
Transliteration: dnhw'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 72

ܡܕܒܪܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܕܒܪܢܐ
Transliteration: mdbrn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 20

ܘܩܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܩܡ
Transliteration: wqm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 131

ܚܠܦ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܠܦ
Transliteration: hlp
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 128

ܝܗܘܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܗܘܕܐ
Transliteration: yhwd'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 374

ܐܚܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܚܘܗܝ
Transliteration: 'hwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 100

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Et suscepit Jonathas tempore illo principatum, et surrexit loco Judæ fratris sui.

12 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

suscepit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suscipio
Transliteration: suscepit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 184

Ionathas

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Ionathae
Transliteration: Ionathas
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 53

tempore

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tempus
Transliteration: tempore
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 761

illo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ille
Transliteration: illo
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4947

principatum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: principatus
Transliteration: principatum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 29

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

surrexit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: surgo
Transliteration: surrexit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 421

loco

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: locus
Transliteration: loco
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 773

Iudae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Iuda
Transliteration: Iudae
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 970

fratris

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: frater
Transliteration: fratris
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1060

sui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: sui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

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