10 Now let’s cry to heaven, if he will have us, and will remember the covenant of our fathers, and destroy this army before our face today.
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 Maccabees 4:10. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καὶ νῦν βοήσωμεν εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν, εἴπως ἐλεήσει ἡμᾶς, καὶ μνησθήσεται διαθήκης πατέρων ἡμῶν, καὶ συντρίψει τὴν παρεμβολὴν ταύτην κατὰ πρόσωπον ἡμῶν σήμερον.
Καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
νῦν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- νῦν
- Transliteration
- nyn
- Morphology
- adverb
- Gloss
- now
- Part of Speech
- adverb
- Definition
- Now, at the present time.
- Occurrences
- 614
βοήσωμεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- βοήσωμεν
- Transliteration
- boesomen
- Morphology
- verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
εἰς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- εἰς
- Transliteration
- eis
- Morphology
- preposition with accusative
- Gloss
- into, to, for
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
- Occurrences
- 6787
τὸν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
οὐρανὸν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- οὐρανός
- Transliteration
- ouranon
- Morphology
- noun, masculine accusative singular
- Gloss
- heaven, sky
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Heaven, sky, or heavenly realm.
- Strong's
- G3772
- Occurrences
- 474
εἴπως
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- εἴπως
- Transliteration
- eipos
- Morphology
- adverbial -ως form or perfect participle pattern depending on context
- Gloss
- ...ly / having ...
- Part of Speech
- adverb/participle form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 5
ἐλεήσει
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἐλεήσει
- Transliteration
- eleesei
- Morphology
- dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 19
ἡμᾶς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐγώ
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative first-person singular
- Gloss
- I
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- First-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 11445
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
μνησθήσεται
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- μνησθήσεται
- Transliteration
- mnesthesetai
- Morphology
- verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it will ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 14
διαθήκης
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- διαθήκη
- Transliteration
- diathekes
- Morphology
- noun, feminine genitive singular
- Gloss
- of covenant, testament
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Covenant, testament, or arrangement.
- Occurrences
- 314
πατέρων
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πατήρ
- Transliteration
- pater
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- father
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Father or ancestor.
- Occurrences
- 1228
ἡμῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐγώ
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative first-person singular
- Gloss
- I
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- First-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 11445
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
συντρίψει
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- συντρίψει
- Transliteration
- syntripsei
- Morphology
- dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 12
τὴν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
παρεμβολὴν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- παρεμβολή
- Transliteration
- parembolen
- Morphology
- noun, feminine accusative singular
- Gloss
- camp, encampment
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Camp, encampment, army camp, or fortified position.
- Occurrences
- 249
ταύτην
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- οὗτος
- Transliteration
- houtos
- Morphology
- demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- this one
- Part of Speech
- demonstrative pronoun
- Definition
- This, these.
- Occurrences
- 3767
κατὰ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κατά
- Transliteration
- kata
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- according to, against, down
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of κατά.
- Occurrences
- 1973
πρόσωπον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πρόσωπον
- Transliteration
- prosopon
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
- Gloss
- face, presence
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Face, presence, person, or front.
- Occurrences
- 1170
ἡμῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐγώ
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative first-person singular
- Gloss
- I
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- First-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 11445
σήμερον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- σήμερον
- Transliteration
- semeron
- Morphology
- adverb
- Gloss
- today
- Part of Speech
- adverb
- Definition
- Today.
- Occurrences
- 276
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܗܫܐ ܢܓܥܐ ܠܘܬ ܥܡܘܪܐ ܕܫܡܝܐ ܕܠܡܐ ܢܪܚܡ ܥܠܝܢ ܘܢܬܕܟܪ ܡܪܝܐ ܕܝܬܩܐ ܕܐ̈ܒܗܝܢ ܘܢܫܚܩܝܗ ܠܗܕܐ ܡܫܪܝܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܢ ܝܘܡܢܐ
ܘܗܫܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܗܫܐ
- Transliteration
- whsh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 138
ܢܓܥܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܓܥܐ
- Transliteration
- ng''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܘܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܘܬ
- Transliteration
- lwt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 548
ܥܡܘܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܡܘܪܐ
- Transliteration
- 'mwr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 43
ܕܫܡܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܫܡܝܐ
- Transliteration
- dshmy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 98
ܕܠܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܡܐ
- Transliteration
- dlm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 132
ܢܪܚܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܪܚܡ
- Transliteration
- nrhm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 10
ܥܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- 'lyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 130
ܘܢܬܕܟܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܬܕܟܪ
- Transliteration
- wntdkr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4
ܡܪܝܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܡܪܝܐ
- Transliteration
- maryah
- Morphology
- divine title, emphatic form
- Gloss
- Lord
- Occurrences
- 2917
ܕܝܬܩܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܬܩܐ
- Transliteration
- dytq'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 25
ܕܐ̈ܒܗܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܒܗܝܢ
- Transliteration
- d'bhyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 15
ܘܢܫܚܩܝܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܫܚܩܝܗ
- Transliteration
- wnshhqyh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܗܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗܕܐ
- Transliteration
- lhd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 17
ܡܫܪܝܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܫܪܝܬܐ
- Transliteration
- mshryt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 71
ܩܕܡܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܕܡܝܢ
- Transliteration
- qdmyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 19
ܝܘܡܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܘܡܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ywmn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 132
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et nunc clamemus in cælum: et miserebitur nostri Dominus, et memor erit testamenti patrum nostrorum, et conteret exercitum istum ante faciem nostram hodie:
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
nunc
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nunc
- Transliteration
- nunc
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 620
clamemus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- clamo
- Transliteration
- clamemus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 305
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
caelum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- caelum
- Transliteration
- caelum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- heaven
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- heaven, sky
- Etymology
- Latin noun for heaven or sky; often normalized as caelum.
- Occurrences
- 740
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
miserebitur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- misereor
- Transliteration
- miserebitur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 165
nostri
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- noster
- Transliteration
- nostri
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1263
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
testamenti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- testamentum
- Transliteration
- testamenti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 103
patrum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pater
- Transliteration
- patrum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1575
nostrorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- noster
- Transliteration
- nostrorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1263
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
conteret
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- contero
- Transliteration
- conteret
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 173
exercitum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- exercitus
- Transliteration
- exercitum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 631
istum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iste
- Transliteration
- istum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 877
ante
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ante
- Transliteration
- ante
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 594
faciem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- facies
- Transliteration
- faciem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 793
nostram
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- noster
- Transliteration
- nostram
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1263
hodie
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hodie
- Transliteration
- hodie
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 241