1 That which was from the beginning, that which we have heard, that which we have seen with our eyes, that which we saw, and our hands touched, concerning the Word of life
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 John 1:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
83
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Ὃ ἦν ἀπ᾿ ἀρχῆς, ὃ ἀκηκόαμεν, ὃ ἑωράκαμεν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν, ὃ ἐθεασάμεθα, καὶ αἱ χεῖρες ἡμῶν ἐψηλάφησαν περὶ τοῦ λόγου τῆς ζωῆς.
23 word entries
Ὃ
ἦν
ἀπ᾿
ἀρχῆς
ὃ
ἀκηκόαμεν
ὃ
ἑωράκαμεν
τοῖς
ὀφθαλμοῖς
ἡμῶν
ὃ
ἐθεασάμεθα
- Lemma
- eqeasameqa
- Transliteration
- eqeasameqa
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist middle deponent indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G2300
- Occurrences
- 2
καὶ
αἱ
χεῖρες
ἡμῶν
ἐψηλάφησαν
- Lemma
- eyhlafhsan
- Transliteration
- eyhlafhsan
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G5584
- Occurrences
- 1
περὶ
τοῦ
λόγου
τῆς
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
Ὃ ἦν ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς, ὃ ἀκηκόαμεν, ὃ ἑωράκαμεν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν, ὃ ἐθεασάμεθα καὶ αἱ χεῖρες ἡμῶν ἐψηλάφησαν, περὶ τοῦ λόγου τῆς ζωῆς
23 word entries
ἦν
τοῖς
καὶ
αἱ
τοῦ
λόγου
τῆς
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡܣܒܪܝܢܢ ܠܟܘܢ ܠܗܘ ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܗܘܐ ܡܢ ܒܪܫܝܬ ܗܘ ܕܫܡܥܢ ܘܚܙܝܢܝܗܝ ܒܥܝܢܝܢ ܚܙܝܢ ܘܓܫܢ ܒܐܝܕܝܢ ܗܘ ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܡܠܬܐ ܕܚܝܐ
18 word entries
ܡܣܒܪܝܢܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܣܒܪܝܢܢ
- Transliteration
- msbrynn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 5
ܠܟܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lkwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 676
ܠܗܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗܘ
- Transliteration
- lhw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 69
ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- d'ytwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 93
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1535
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܒܪܫܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܪܫܝܬ
- Transliteration
- brshyt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 10
ܗܘ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘ
- Transliteration
- hu
- Morphology
- pronoun/copula, masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, it, is
- Occurrences
- 1648
ܕܫܡܥܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܫܡܥܢ
- Transliteration
- dshm'n
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 7
ܘܚܙܝܢܝܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܚܙܝܢܝܗܝ
- Transliteration
- whzynyhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܒܥܝܢܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܥܝܢܝܢ
- Transliteration
- b'ynyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܚܙܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܙܝܢ
- Transliteration
- hzyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 27
ܘܓܫܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܓܫܢ
- Transliteration
- wgshn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܒܐܝܕܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܐܝܕܝܢ
- Transliteration
- b'ydyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 4
ܗܘ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘ
- Transliteration
- hu
- Morphology
- pronoun/copula, masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, it, is
- Occurrences
- 1648
ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- d'ytwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 93
ܡܠܬܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܡܠܬܐ
- Transliteration
- meltha
- Morphology
- noun, feminine emphatic singular
- Gloss
- word, matter
- Occurrences
- 143
ܕܚܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܚܝܐ
- Transliteration
- dhy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 49
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Quod fuit ab initio, quod audivimus, quod vidimus oculis nostris, quod perspeximus, et manus nostræ contrectaverunt de verbo vitæ:
19 word entries
quod
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quod
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
fuit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- fuit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
ab
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- ab
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
initio
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- initium
- Transliteration
- initio
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 101
quod
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quod
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 15011
audivimus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- audio
- Transliteration
- audivimus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1534
quod
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quod
- Transliteration
- quod
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1241
vidimus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uideo
- Transliteration
- vidimus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1988
oculis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- oculus
- Transliteration
- oculis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 682
nostris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- noster
- Transliteration
- nostris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1263
quod
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quod
- Transliteration
- quod
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1241
perspeximus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- perspicio
- Transliteration
- perspeximus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 13
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
manus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- manus
- Transliteration
- manus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1822
nostrae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- noster
- Transliteration
- nostrae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1263
temptaverunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tento
- Transliteration
- temptaverunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 93
de
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- de
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 4779
verbo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uerbum
- Transliteration
- verbo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1162
vitae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uita
- Transliteration
- vitae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 437
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Acts 4:20
for we can’t help telling the things which we saw and heard.”
40 relevance votesJohn 20:27
Then he said to Thomas, “Reach here your finger, and see my hands. Reach here your hand, and put it into my side. Don’t be unbelieving, but believing.”
32 relevance votes1 John 4:14
We have seen and testify that the Father has sent the Son as the Savior of the world.
30 relevance votesLuke 24:39
See my hands and my feet, that it is truly me. Touch me and see, for a spirit doesn’t have flesh and bones, as you see that I have.”
24 relevance votesJohn 5:26
For as the Father has life in himself, even so he gave to the Son also to have life in himself.
22 relevance votesJohn 8:58
Jesus said to them, “Most certainly, I tell you, before Abraham came into existence, I AM. ”
21 relevance votesRevelation 1:8
“I am the Alpha and the Omega, ” says the Lord God, “who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty.”
16 relevance votesJohn 19:35
He who has seen has testified, and his testimony is true. He knows that he tells the truth, that you may believe.
14 relevance votesActs 1:3
To these he also showed himself alive after he suffered, by many proofs, appearing to them over a period of forty days and speaking about God’s Kingdom.
13 relevance votesRevelation 19:13
He is clothed in a garment sprinkled with blood. His name is called “The Word of God.”
10 relevance votesRevelation 2:8
“To the angel of the assembly in Smyrna write: “The first and the last, who was dead, and has come to life says these things:
9 relevance votesMicah 5:2
But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, being small among the clans of Judah, out of you one will come out to me who is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings out are from of old, from ancient times.
8 relevance votes