19 To Eber were born two sons: the name of the one was Peleg, for in his days the earth was divided; and his brother’s name was Joktan.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 Chronicles 1:19. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
75
Editorial Notes
1
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וּלְעֵ֥בֶר יֻלַּ֖ד שְׁנֵ֣י בָנִ֑ים שֵׁ֣ם הָאֶחָ֞ד פֶּ֗לֶג כִּ֤י בְיָמָיו֙ נִפְלְגָ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ וְשֵׁ֥ם אָחִ֖יו יָקְטָֽן׃
14 word entries
וּלְעֵ֥בֶר
יֻלַּ֖ד
בָנִ֑ים
שֵׁ֣ם
הָאֶחָ֞ד
כִּ֤י
בְיָמָיו֙
נִפְלְגָ֣ה
הָאָ֔רֶץ
וְשֵׁ֥ם
אָחִ֖יו
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܠܥܒܪ ܐܬܝܠܕܘ ܬܪ̈ܝܢ ܒܢ̈ܝܢ ܫܡܗ ܕܚܕ ܦܠܓ ܡܛܠ ܕܒܝܘܡ̈ܬܗ ܐܬܦܠܓܬ ܐܪܥܐ ܘܫܡܐ ܕܐܚܘܗܝ ܝܩܛܢ
14 word entries
ܘܠܥܒܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܠܥܒܪ
- Transliteration
- wl'br
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܬܝܠܕܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܬܝܠܕܘ
- Transliteration
- 'tyldw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 11
ܬܪ̈ܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܪܝܢ
- Transliteration
- tryn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 158
ܒܢ̈ܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܢܝܢ
- Transliteration
- bnyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 36
ܫܡܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܡܗ
- Transliteration
- shmh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 146
ܕܚܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܚܕ
- Transliteration
- dhd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 30
ܦܠܓ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܦܠܓ
- Transliteration
- plg
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 5
ܡܛܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܠ
- Transliteration
- mtl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2606
ܕܒܝܘܡ̈ܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܒܝܘܡܬܗ
- Transliteration
- dbywmth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܐܬܦܠܓܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܬܦܠܓܬ
- Transliteration
- 'tplgt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܪܥܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܪܥܐ
- Transliteration
- ara
- Morphology
- noun, feminine emphatic singular
- Gloss
- earth, land
- Occurrences
- 731
ܘܫܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܫܡܐ
- Transliteration
- wshm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 53
ܕܐܚܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܚܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- d'hwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 8
ܝܩܛܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܩܛܢ
- Transliteration
- yqtn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וּלְעֵבֶר אִתְיְלִידוּ תְּרֵין בְּנִין שׁוּם חַד פֶּלֶג אֲרוּם בְּיוֹמוֹי אִתְפְּלִיגוּ דַיָרֵי אַרְעָא לְלִשַׁנְהוֹן וְשׁוּם אֲחוֹי יָקְטָן מְטוּל דִבְיוֹמוֹ שְׁרִיאוּ שְׁנֵיהוֹן דִבְנֵי נְשָׁא לְאִתְקְטָעָא מִן בִּגְלַל חוֹבֵיהוֹן׃
26 word entries
וּלְעֵבֶר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לעבר
- Transliteration
- wl'br
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
אִתְיְלִידוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אתילידו
- Transliteration
- 'tylydw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 18
תְּרֵין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תרין
- Transliteration
- tryn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 213
בְּנִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נין
- Transliteration
- bnyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 161
שׁוּם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שום
- Transliteration
- shwm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 178
חַד
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חד
- Transliteration
- chd
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 373
פֶּלֶג
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פלג
- Transliteration
- plg
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 7
אֲרוּם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ארום
- Transliteration
- 'rwm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 997
בְּיוֹמוֹי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יומוי
- Transliteration
- bywmwy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 16
אִתְפְּלִיגוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אתפליגו
- Transliteration
- 'tplygw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 10
דַיָרֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ירי
- Transliteration
- dyry
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 19
אַרְעָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ארע
- Transliteration
- 'r''
- Morphology
- noun feminine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- earth, land
- Occurrences
- 1735
לְלִשַׁנְהוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לשנהון
- Transliteration
- llshnhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
וְשׁוּם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שום
- Transliteration
- wshwm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 178
אֲחוֹי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אחוי
- Transliteration
- 'chwy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 42
יָקְטָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יקטן
- Transliteration
- yqtn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 3
מְטוּל
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- טול
- Transliteration
- mtwl
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 322
דִבְיוֹמוֹ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ביומו
- Transliteration
- dbywmw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
שְׁרִיאוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שריאו
- Transliteration
- shry'w
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 14
שְׁנֵיהוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שניהון
- Transliteration
- shnyhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 5
דִבְנֵי
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- בר
- Transliteration
- dbny
- Morphology
- prefixed relative/genitive ד + noun plural construct
- Gloss
- of/that sons, children of
- Occurrences
- 2734
נְשָׁא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נשא
- Transliteration
- nsh'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 118
לְאִתְקְטָעָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אתקטעא
- Transliteration
- l'tqt''
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1
מִן
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- מן
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- from, out of, than
- Occurrences
- 2836
בִּגְלַל
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גלל
- Transliteration
- bgll
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 84
חוֹבֵיהוֹן׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חוביהון
- Transliteration
- chwbyhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 83
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Porro Heber nati sunt duo filii: nomen uni Phaleg, quia in diebus ejus divisa est terra; et nomen fratris ejus Jectan.
21 word entries
porro
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- porro
- Transliteration
- porro
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 279
Heber
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Heber
- Transliteration
- Heber
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 19
nati
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nascor
- Transliteration
- nati
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 189
sunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
duo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- duo
- Transliteration
- duo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: numeral
- Occurrences
- 695
filii
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- filius
- Transliteration
- filii
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5067
nomen
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nomen
- Transliteration
- nomen
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1130
uni
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- unus
- Transliteration
- uni
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: numeral
- Occurrences
- 1077
Phaleg
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Phaleg
- Transliteration
- Phaleg
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 2
quia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quia
- Transliteration
- quia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2543
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
diebus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dies
- Transliteration
- diebus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2559
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
divisa
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- diuido
- Transliteration
- divisa
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 192
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
terra
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- terra
- Transliteration
- terra
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- earth
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- earth, land, ground
- Etymology
- Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
- Occurrences
- 3087
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
nomen
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nomen
- Transliteration
- nomen
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1130
fratris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- frater
- Transliteration
- fratris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1060
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
Iectan
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iectan
- Transliteration
- Iectan
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 6
Spirit Nation Greek LXX Alignment Note
English · Greek Septuagint Structure · Spirit Nation Editorial Note
Coverage: Source-structure exceptions
Explains reader references where the imported tradition does not align one-to-one.
Editorial alignment note: The Greek Septuagint tradition often follows different ordering, grouping, or book structure here. Reader-side public-domain text for this reference: "And unto Eber were born two sons: the name of the one was Peleg; because in his days the earth was divided: and his brother’s name was Joktan." This panel is a study bridge only, not a replacement for an ancient source witness.
Source verse imported. Word-by-word lemma, morphology, gloss, and lexicon entries have not been attached for this language/source yet.
These notes explain relevant source panels that are not shown for this verse because of source coverage, licensing, alternate traditions, or versification structure.
-
Greek LXX
missing
A Greek Septuagint panel is expected for this section but is not attached yet.
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Genesis 10:21
Children were also born to Shem (the elder brother of Japheth), the father of all the children of Eber.
3 relevance votesGenesis 10:25
To Eber were born two sons. The name of the one was Peleg, for in his days the earth was divided. His brother’s name was Joktan.
2 relevance votesNumbers 24:24
But ships shall come from the coast of Kittim. They shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber. He also shall come to destruction.”
1 relevance votes