21 They compelled one passing by, coming from the country, Simon of Cyrene, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to go with them that he might bear his cross.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Mark 15:21. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
70
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Καὶ ἀγγαρεύουσι παράγοντά τινα Σίμωνα Κυρηναῖον, ἐρχόμενον ἀπ᾿ ἀγροῦ, τὸν πατέρα Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Ῥούφου, ἵνα ἄρῃ τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ.
19 word entries
Καὶ
ἀγγαρεύουσι
- Lemma
- aggareuousin
- Transliteration
- aggareuousin
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G29
- Occurrences
- 1
παράγοντά
τινα
Σίμωνα
Κυρηναῖον
ἐρχόμενον
ἀπ᾿
ἀγροῦ
τὸν
πατέρα
Ἀλεξάνδρου
- Lemma
- alexandrou
- Transliteration
- alexandrou
- Morphology
- Greek: noun genitive singular masculine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G223
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
Ῥούφου
ἵνα
ἄρῃ
τὸν
σταυρὸν
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
καὶ ἀγγαρεύουσιν παράγοντά τινα Σίμωνα Κυρηναῖον, ἐρχόμενον ἀπ’ ἀγροῦ, τὸν πατέρα Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Ῥούφου, ἵνα ἄρῃ τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ.
19 word entries
καὶ
τὸν
Ἀλεξάνδρου
- Lemma
- Ἀλέξανδρος
- Morphology
- N-GSM
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G0223
- Occurrences
- 6
καὶ
τὸν
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܫܚܪܘ ܚܕ ܕܥܒܪ ܗܘܐ ܫܡܥܘܢ ܩܘܪܝܢܝܐ ܕܐܬܐ ܗܘܐ ܡܢ ܩܪܝܬܐ ܐܒܘܗܝ ܕܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܘܣ ܘܕܪܘܦܘܣ ܕܢܫܩܘܠ ܙܩܝܦܗ
15 word entries
ܘܫܚܪܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܫܚܪܘ
- Transliteration
- wshhrw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܚܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܕ
- Transliteration
- hd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 412
ܕܥܒܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܥܒܪ
- Transliteration
- d'br
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 10
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1535
ܫܡܥܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܡܥܘܢ
- Transliteration
- shm'wn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 111
ܩܘܪܝܢܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܘܪܝܢܝܐ
- Transliteration
- qwryny'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 3
ܕܐܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܬܐ
- Transliteration
- d't'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 87
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1535
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܩܪܝܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܪܝܬܐ
- Transliteration
- qryt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 19
ܐܒܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܒܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- 'bwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 31
ܕܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܘܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܘܣ
- Transliteration
- d'lksndrws
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܕܪܘܦܘܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܕܪܘܦܘܣ
- Transliteration
- wdrwpws
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܢܫܩܘܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܫܩܘܠ
- Transliteration
- dnshqwl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 6
ܙܩܝܦܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܙܩܝܦܗ
- Transliteration
- zqyph
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 10
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et angariaverunt prætereuntem quempiam, Simonem Cyrenæum venientem de villa, patrem Alexandri et Rufi, ut tolleret crucem ejus.
17 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
angariaverunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- angario
- Transliteration
- angariaverunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 3
praetereuntem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praetereo
- Transliteration
- praetereuntem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 71
quempiam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quispiam
- Transliteration
- quempiam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 52
Simonem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Simon
- Transliteration
- Simonem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 204
Cyreneum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Cyrenaeus
- Transliteration
- Cyreneum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 4
venientem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uenio
- Transliteration
- venientem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 2233
de
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- de
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 4779
villa
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uilla
- Transliteration
- villa
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 44
patrem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pater
- Transliteration
- patrem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1575
Alexandri
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Alexander
- Transliteration
- Alexandri
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 32
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Rufi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Rufus
- Transliteration
- Rufi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 2
ut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ut
- Transliteration
- ut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4533
tolleret
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tollo
- Transliteration
- tolleret
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 348
crucem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- crux
- Transliteration
- crucem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 34
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Matthew 27:32
As they came out, they found a man of Cyrene, Simon by name, and they compelled him to go with them, that he might carry his cross.
6 relevance votesLuke 23:26
When they led him away, they grabbed one Simon of Cyrene, coming from the country, and laid the cross on him to carry it after Jesus.
6 relevance votesRomans 16:13
Greet Rufus, the chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine.
5 relevance votesLuke 14:27
Whoever doesn’t bear his own cross and come after me, can’t be my disciple.
2 relevance votesActs 6:9
But some of those who were of the synagogue called “The Libertines”, and of the Cyrenians, of the Alexandrians, and of those of Cilicia and Asia arose, disputing with Stephen.
2 relevance votesActs 11:20
But there were some of them, men of Cyprus and Cyrene, who, when they had come to Antioch, spoke to the Hellenists, preaching the Lord Jesus.
2 relevance votesActs 2:10
Phrygia, Pamphylia, Egypt, the parts of Libya around Cyrene, visitors from Rome, both Jews and proselytes,
2 relevance votesActs 13:1
Now in the assembly that was at Antioch there were some prophets and teachers: Barnabas, Simeon who was called Niger, Lucius of Cyrene, Manaen the foster brother of Herod the tetrarch, and Saul.
2 relevance votes