Joshua 7

World English Bible Updated, Verse 16

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¹⁶ So Joshua rose up early in the morning and brought Israel near by their tribes. The tribe of Judah was selected.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Joshua 7:16. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 59

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֤ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ בַּבֹּ֔קֶר וַיַּקְרֵ֥ב אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לִשְׁבָטָ֑יו וַיִּלָּכֵ֖ד שֵׁ֥בֶט יְהוּדָֽה׃

10 word entries

וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֤ם

Lemma: c/7925
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb hiphil sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7925
Occurrences: 42

יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ֙

Lemma: 3091
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3091
Occurrences: 196

בַּבֹּ֔קֶר

Lemma: b/1242
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1242
Occurrences: 105

וַיַּקְרֵ֥ב

Lemma: c/7126
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb hiphil sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7126
Occurrences: 114

אֶת

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל

Lemma: 3478
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3478
Occurrences: 2260

לִשְׁבָטָ֑יו

Lemma: l/7626
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7626
Occurrences: 21

וַיִּלָּכֵ֖ד

Lemma: c/3920
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb niphal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3920
Occurrences: 71

שֵׁ֥בֶט

Lemma: 7626
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7626
Occurrences: 125

יְהוּדָֽה

Lemma: 3063
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3063
Occurrences: 682

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ὤρθρισεν Ἰησοῦς, καὶ προσήγαγε τὸν λαὸν κατὰ φυλάς· καὶ ἐνεδείχθη ἡ φυλὴ Ἰούδα.

14 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ὤρθρισεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὤρθρισεν
Transliteration: orthrisen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 10

Ἰησοῦς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰησοῦς
Transliteration: Iesous
Morphology: proper noun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: Joshua/Jesus
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Joshua/Jesus, biblical personal name.
Occurrences: 206

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

προσήγαγε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: προσήγαγε
Transliteration: prosegage
Morphology: verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 17

τὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

λαὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λαός
Transliteration: laos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: people
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: People, nation, or community.
Occurrences: 1841

κατὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κατά
Transliteration: kata
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: according to, against, down
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of κατά.
Occurrences: 1973

φυλάς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: φυλάς
Transliteration: phylas
Morphology: accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 9

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐνεδείχθη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐνεδείχθη
Transliteration: enedeichthe
Morphology: verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: was ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

ἡ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

φυλὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: φυλὴ
Transliteration: phyle
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 31

Ἰούδα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰούδα
Transliteration: Iouda
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Judah, Judas
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Judah/Judas depending on context.
Occurrences: 692

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܩܕܡ ܝܫܘܥ ܒܨܦܪܐ ܘܩܪܒܗ ܠܐܝܣܪܝܠ ܠܫܒ̈ܛܝܢ ܘܐܬܬܚܕ ܫܒܛܐ ܕܝܗܘܕܐ

9 word entries

ܘܩܕܡ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WQDM
Morphology: W-QDM=[:d
Occurrences: 0

ܝܫܘܥ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: JCW<
Morphology: JCW</
Occurrences: 0

ܒܨܦܪܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BYPR>
Morphology: B-YPR/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܘܩܪܒܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WQRBH
Morphology: W-QRB[:d-H
Occurrences: 0

ܠܐܝܣܪܝܠ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: L>JSRJL
Morphology: L->JSRJL/
Occurrences: 0

ܠܫܒ̈ܛܝܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LCB"VJN
Morphology: L-CBV/JN
Occurrences: 0

ܘܐܬܬܚܕ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W>TTXD
Morphology: W-@>T@(>&TXD[
Occurrences: 0

ܫܒܛܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: CBV>
Morphology: CBV/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܕܝܗܘܕܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DJHWD>
Morphology: D-JHWD>/
Occurrences: 0

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְאַקְדֵם יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בְּצַפְרָא וְקָרֵיב יַת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְשִׁבְטוֹהִי וְאִתְאַחַד שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה׃

11 word entries

וְאַקְדֵם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אקדם
Transliteration: w'qdm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 4

יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יהושע
Transliteration: yhwsh'
Morphology: proper noun
Gloss: Joshua
Occurrences: 200

בְּצַפְרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: צפרא
Transliteration: btspr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 117

וְקָרֵיב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קריב
Transliteration: wqryb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 94

יַת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 4303

יִשְׂרָאֵל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ישראל
Transliteration: yshr'l
Morphology: proper noun
Gloss: Israel
Occurrences: 2312

לְשִׁבְטוֹהִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שבטוהי
Transliteration: lshbtwhy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

וְאִתְאַחַד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתאחד
Transliteration: w't'chd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 10

שִׁבְטָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שבטא
Transliteration: shbt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 340

דְבֵית

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בית
Transliteration: dbyt
Morphology: prefixed relative/genitive ד + noun construct/absolute
Gloss: of/that house, household
Occurrences: 2611

יְהוּדָה׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יהודה
Transliteration: yhwdh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 745

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Surgens itaque Josue mane, applicuit Israël per tribus suas, et inventa est tribus Juda.

15 word entries

surgens

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: surgo
Transliteration: surgens
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 421

itaque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: itaque
Transliteration: itaque
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 371

Iosue

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Ius
Transliteration: Iosue
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 60

{Iosue}

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ue
Transliteration: {Iosue}
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 78

mane

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: mane
Transliteration: mane
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 203

adplicavit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: applico
Transliteration: adplicavit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 57

Israhel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Israel
Transliteration: Israhel
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 2547

per

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: per
Transliteration: per
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 1915

tribus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tres
Transliteration: tribus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 502

suas

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suas
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

inventa

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: inuenio
Transliteration: inventa
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 682

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

tribus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tres
Transliteration: tribus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 502

Iuda

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Iuda
Transliteration: Iuda
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 970

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Joshua 7

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

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Genesis 22:3

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