Isaiah
Chapter 2
Verse 8
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World English Bible Updated

Isaiah 2

World English Bible Updated, Verse 8

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8 Their land also is full of idols. They worship the work of their own hands, that which their own fingers have made.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Isaiah 2:8. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 66
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א אַרְצ֖וֹ אֱלִילִ֑ים לְמַעֲשֵׂ֤ה יָדָיו֙ יִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֔וּ לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשׂ֖וּ אֶצְבְּעֹתָֽיו׃

9 word entries
וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א
Lemma
c/4390
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb niphal sequential imperfect 3rd person feminine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H4390
Occurrences
65
אַרְצ֖וֹ
Lemma
776
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common both gender singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H776
Occurrences
692
אֱלִילִ֑ים
Lemma
457
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H457
Occurrences
11
לְמַעֲשֵׂ֤ה
Lemma
l/4639
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H4639
Occurrences
6
יָדָיו֙
Lemma
3027
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common both gender dual construct + suffix
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3027
Occurrences
747
יִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֔וּ
Lemma
7812
Morphology
Hebrew: verb hishtaphel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H7812
Occurrences
39
לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר
Lemma
l/834 a
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + particle relative
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H834
Occurrences
23
עָשׂ֖וּ
Lemma
6213 a
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H6213
Occurrences
1634
אֶצְבְּעֹתָֽיו
Lemma
676
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common feminine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H676
Occurrences
12
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἐνεπλήσθη ἡ γῆ βδελυγμάτων τῶν ἔργων τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν, καὶ προσεκύνησαν οἷς ἐποίησαν οἱ δάκτυλοι αὐτῶν.

17 word entries
Καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐνεπλήσθη
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
eneplesthe
Morphology
verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss
was ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
19
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
γῆ
Status
Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
Note
Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma
γῆ
Transliteration
ge
Morphology
noun
Gloss
earth
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Earth, ground, or land.
Strong's
G1093
Occurrences
2962
βδελυγμάτων
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
bdelygmaton
Morphology
Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss
of ... / being ...
Part of Speech
participle/noun form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
16
τῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ἔργων
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
ergon
Morphology
noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss
work, deed
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Work, deed, action, or task.
Occurrences
527
τῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
χειρῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
cheir
Morphology
noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss
hand
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Hand or power.
Occurrences
1718
αὐτῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
προσεκύνησαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
prosekynesan
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
Gloss
they ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
35
οἷς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ὅς
Transliteration
hois
Morphology
relative pronoun, dative masculine/neuter plural
Gloss
to whom, in which
Part of Speech
relative pronoun
Definition
Relative pronoun who, which, that.
Occurrences
4123
ἐποίησαν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
epoiesan
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss
they made, did
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To make, do, perform, or produce.
Strong's
G4160
Occurrences
2253
οἱ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
δάκτυλοι
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
daktyloi
Morphology
nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
9
αὐτῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܬܡܠܝܬ ܐܪܥܗܘܢ ܦܬܟܪ̈ܐ ܠܥܒ̇ܕ ܐ̈ܝܕܝܗܘܢ ܣܓ̈ܕܝܢ ܠܕܥܒ̣ܕ ܨܒ̈ܥܬܗܘܢ

8 word entries
ܘܐܬܡܠܝܬ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
w'tmlyt
Morphology
possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
4
ܐܪܥܗܘܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'r'hwn
Morphology
possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences
19
ܦܬܟܪ̈ܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
ptkr'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
37
ܠܥܒ̇ܕ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
l'bd
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
7
ܐ̈ܝܕܝܗܘܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'ydyhwn
Morphology
possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences
61
ܣܓ̈ܕܝܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
sgdyn
Morphology
possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences
3
ܠܕܥܒ̣ܕ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
ld'bd
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
5
ܨܒ̈ܥܬܗܘܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
sb'thwn
Morphology
possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences
1
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְאִתְמְלִיאַת אַרְעֲהוֹן טַעֲוָן לְעוֹבָדֵי יְדֵיהוֹן סָגְדִין לִדְאַתְקִינָא אֶצְבְּעָתֵיהוֹן׃

8 word entries
וְאִתְמְלִיאַת
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
w'tmly't
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
17
אַרְעֲהוֹן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'r'hwn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
73
טַעֲוָן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
t'wn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
19
לְעוֹבָדֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
l'wbdy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
86
יְדֵיהוֹן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
ydyhwn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
112
סָגְדִין
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
sgdyn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
10
לִדְאַתְקִינָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
ld'tqyn'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
1
אֶצְבְּעָתֵיהוֹן׃
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'tsb'tyhwn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
1
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Et repleta est terra ejus equis, et innumerabiles quadrigæ ejus. Et repleta est terra ejus idolis; opus manuum suarum adoraverunt, quod fecerunt digiti eorum.

24 word entries
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
repleta
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
repleo
Transliteration
repleta
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
142
est
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sum
Transliteration
est
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
20614
terra
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
terra
Transliteration
terra
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Gloss
earth
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
earth, land, ground
Etymology
Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
Occurrences
3087
eius
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eius
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
equis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
equus
Transliteration
equis
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
161
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
innumerabiles
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
innumerabiles
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
20
quadrigae
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
quadrigae
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
38
eius
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eius
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
repleta
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
repleo
Transliteration
repleta
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
142
est
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sum
Transliteration
est
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
20614
terra
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
terra
Transliteration
terra
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Gloss
earth
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
earth, land, ground
Etymology
Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
Occurrences
3087
eius
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eius
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
idolis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
idolum
Transliteration
idolis
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
144
opus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
opus
Transliteration
opus
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
656
manuum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
manus
Transliteration
manuum
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
1822
suarum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
suus
Transliteration
suarum
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
5783
adoraverunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
adoro
Transliteration
adoraverunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
264
quod
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
qui
Transliteration
quod
Morphology
GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences
15011
fecerunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
facio
Transliteration
fecerunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
4719
digiti
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
digitus
Transliteration
digiti
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
47
eorum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eorum
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Revelation 9:20

The rest of mankind, who were not killed with these plagues, didn’t repent of the works of their hands, that they wouldn’t worship demons, and the idols of gold, and of silver, and of brass, and of stone, and of wood, which can’t see, hear, or walk.

4 relevance votes

Jeremiah 2:28

“But where are your gods that you have made for yourselves? Let them arise, if they can save you in the time of your trouble, for you have as many gods as you have towns, O Judah.

3 relevance votes

Isaiah 37:19

and have cast their gods into the fire; for they were no gods, but the work of men’s hands, wood and stone; therefore they have destroyed them.

3 relevance votes

Isaiah 57:5

you who inflame yourselves among the oaks, under every green tree; who kill the children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks?

2 relevance votes

Hosea 12:11

If Gilead is wicked, surely they are worthless. In Gilgal they sacrifice bulls. Indeed, their altars are like heaps in the furrows of the field.

2 relevance votes

Acts 17:16

Now while Paul waited for them at Athens, his spirit was provoked within him as he saw the city full of idols.

2 relevance votes

2 Chronicles 27:2

He did that which was right in the LORD’s eyes, according to all that his father Uzziah had done. However he didn’t enter into the LORD’s temple. The people still acted corruptly.

2 relevance votes

Isaiah 17:8

They will not look to the altars, the work of their hands; neither shall they respect that which their fingers have made, either the Asherah poles or the incense altars.

2 relevance votes

Hosea 13:2

Now they sin more and more, and have made themselves molten images of their silver, even idols according to their own understanding, all of them the work of the craftsmen. They say of them, ‘They offer human sacrifice and kiss the calves.’

2 relevance votes

Jeremiah 11:13

For according to the number of your cities are your gods, Judah; and according to the number of the streets of Jerusalem you have set up altars to the shameful thing, even altars to burn incense to Baal.’

2 relevance votes

Deuteronomy 4:28

There you will serve gods, the work of men’s hands, wood and stone, which neither see, nor hear, nor eat, nor smell.

2 relevance votes

Hosea 14:3

Assyria can’t save us. We won’t ride on horses; neither will we say any more to the work of our hands, ‘Our gods!’ for in you the fatherless finds mercy.”

2 relevance votes
Chapter 2 of 66 Verse 8 of 22