Hosea 6

World English Bible Updated, Verse 7

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⁷ But they, like Adam, have broken the covenant. They were unfaithful to me there.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Hosea 6:7. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 55

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וְהֵ֕מָּה כְּאָדָ֖ם עָבְר֣וּ בְרִ֑ית שָׁ֖ם בָּ֥גְדוּ בִֽי׃

7 word entries

וְהֵ֕מָּה

Lemma: c/1992
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + pronoun
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H1992
Occurrences: 98

כְּאָדָ֖ם

Lemma: k/121
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H121
Occurrences: 2

עָבְר֣וּ

Lemma: 5674 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5674
Occurrences: 330

בְרִ֑ית

Lemma: 1285
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1285
Occurrences: 207

שָׁ֖ם

Lemma: 8033
Morphology: Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech: adverb
Strong's: H8033
Occurrences: 671

בָּ֥גְדוּ

Lemma: 898
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H898
Occurrences: 39

בִֽי

Lemma: b
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 1362

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Αὐτοὶ δέ εἰσιν ὡς ἄνθρωπος παραβαίνων διαθήκην· ἐκεῖ κατεφρόνησέ μου Γαλαὰδ πόλις,

12 word entries

Αὐτοὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

δέ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

εἰσιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰμί
Transliteration: eisin
Morphology: verb, present active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they are
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To be or exist.
Strong's: G1510
Occurrences: 5427

ὡς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὡς
Transliteration: hos
Morphology: comparative conjunction/adverb
Gloss: as, like, when
Part of Speech: conjunction/adverb
Definition: Comparative or temporal conjunction/adverb.
Occurrences: 1899

ἄνθρωπος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἄνθρωπος
Transliteration: anthropos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: human, man
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Human being, person, man.
Occurrences: 1305

παραβαίνων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: παραβαίνων
Transliteration: parabainon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

διαθήκην

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: διαθήκη
Transliteration: diatheken
Morphology: noun, feminine accusative singular
Gloss: covenant, testament
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Covenant, testament, or arrangement.
Occurrences: 314

ἐκεῖ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκεῖ
Transliteration: ekei
Morphology: adverb
Gloss: there
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: There, in that place.
Occurrences: 751

κατεφρόνησέ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κατεφρόνησέ
Transliteration: katephronese
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern with final accent
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

μου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

Γαλαὰδ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Γαλαάδ
Transliteration: Galaad
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Gilead
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Gilead, region or personal name.
Occurrences: 125

πόλις

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πόλις
Transliteration: polis
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: city
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: City or town.
Occurrences: 1387

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܗܢܘܢ ܐܝܟ ܒܪܢܫܐ ܥܒܪܘ ܥܠ ܩܝܡܝ ܘܬܡܢ ܕܓܠܘ ܒܝ

9 word entries

ܘܗܢܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܗܢܘܢ
Transliteration: whnwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 89

ܐܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܟ
Transliteration: 'yk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2051

ܒܪܢܫܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܪܢܫܐ
Transliteration: brnsh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 66

ܥܒܪܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܒܪܘ
Transliteration: 'brw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 33

ܥܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠ
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3346

ܩܝܡܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܝܡܝ
Transliteration: qymy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 17

ܘܬܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܬܡܢ
Transliteration: wtmn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 38

ܕܓܠܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܓܠܘ
Transliteration: dglw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 9

ܒܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܝ
Transliteration: by
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 88

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְאִינוּן כְּדָרַיָא קַדְמָאֵי עָבְרוּ עַל קְיָמַי וּבְאַרְעָא טָבָא דְיַהֲבֵית לְהוֹן לְמֶעְבַּד רְעוּתִי תַּמָן שַׁקָרוּ בְמֵימְרִי׃

15 word entries

וְאִינוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אינון
Transliteration: w'ynwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 449

כְּדָרַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דריא
Transliteration: kdry'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 2

קַדְמָאֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קדמאי
Transliteration: qdm'y
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 28

עָבְרוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עברו
Transliteration: 'brw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 83

עַל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: על
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: on, upon, against, concerning
Occurrences: 3568

קְיָמַי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קימי
Transliteration: qymy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 61

וּבְאַרְעָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בארעא
Transliteration: wb'r''
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 8

טָבָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טבא
Transliteration: tb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 128

דְיַהֲבֵית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יהבית
Transliteration: dyhbyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 89

לְהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הון
Transliteration: lhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1262

לְמֶעְבַּד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מעבד
Transliteration: lm'bd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 278

רְעוּתִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רעותי
Transliteration: r'wty
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 34

תַּמָן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תמן
Transliteration: tmn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 618

שַׁקָרוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שקרו
Transliteration: shqrw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 17

בְמֵימְרִי׃

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: bmymry
Morphology: speech root/form
Gloss: to say, saying
Occurrences: 3728

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Ipsi autem sicut Adam transgressi sunt pactum: ibi prævaricati sunt in me.

12 word entries

ipsi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ipse
Transliteration: ipsi
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 2134

autem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: autem
Transliteration: autem
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5069

sicut

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sicut
Transliteration: sicut
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 1559

Adam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Adam
Transliteration: Adam
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 51

transgressi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: transgredior
Transliteration: transgressi
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 37

sunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: sunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

pactum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: paciscor
Transliteration: pactum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 61

ibi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ibi
Transliteration: ibi
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 517

praevaricati

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: praeuaricor
Transliteration: praevaricati
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 46

sunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: sunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ego
Transliteration: me
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 6108

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Genesis 3:11

God said, “Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten from the tree that I commanded you not to eat from?”

7 relevance votes

Hosea 8:1

“Put the trumpet to your lips! Something like an eagle is over the LORD’s house, because they have broken my covenant and rebelled against my law.

6 relevance votes

Hosea 5:7

They are unfaithful to the LORD; for they have borne illegitimate children. Now the new moon will devour them with their fields.

6 relevance votes

Jeremiah 9:6

Your habitation is in the middle of deceit. Through deceit, they refuse to know me,” says the LORD.

6 relevance votes

Job 31:33

if like Adam I have covered my transgressions, by hiding my iniquity in my heart,

5 relevance votes

Genesis 3:6

When the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took some of its fruit, and ate. Then she gave some to her husband with her, and he ate it, too.

4 relevance votes

2 Kings 17:15

They rejected his statutes and his covenant that he made with their fathers, and his testimonies which he testified to them; and they followed vanity, and became vain, and followed the nations that were around them, concerning whom the LORD had commanded them that they should not do like them.

4 relevance votes

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Hosea 6

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Genesis 3:11

Hosea 8:1

Hosea 5:7

Jeremiah 9:6

Job 31:33

Genesis 3:6

2 Kings 17:15

Jeremiah 3:7

Isaiah 48:8

Jeremiah 31:32

Isaiah 24:16

Jeremiah 5:11