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World English Bible Updated

Exodus 28

World English Bible Updated, Verse 9

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⁹ You shall take two onyx stones, and engrave on them the names of the children of Israel.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Exodus 28:9. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 57

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וְלָ֣קַחְתָּ֔ אֶת־שְׁתֵּ֖י אַבְנֵי־שֹׁ֑הַם וּפִתַּחְתָּ֣ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם שְׁמ֖וֹת בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

10 word entries

וְלָ֣קַחְתָּ֔

Lemma: c/3947
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential perfect 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3947
Occurrences: 500

אֶת

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

שְׁתֵּ֖י

Lemma: 8147
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H8147
Occurrences: 536

אַבְנֵי

Lemma: 68
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine plural construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H68
Occurrences: 146

שֹׁ֑הַם

Lemma: 7718
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7718
Occurrences: 6

וּפִתַּחְתָּ֣

Lemma: c/6605 b
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb piel sequential perfect 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H6605
Occurrences: 4

עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם

Lemma: 5921 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5921
Occurrences: 4903

שְׁמ֖וֹת

Lemma: 8034
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8034
Occurrences: 521

בְּנֵ֥י

Lemma: 1121 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1121
Occurrences: 4020

יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

Lemma: 3478
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3478
Occurrences: 2260

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ λήψῃ τοὺς δύο λίθους, λίθους σμαράγδου, καὶ γλύψεις ἐν αὐτοῖς τὰ ὀνόματα τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ.

16 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

λήψῃ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λαμβάνω
Transliteration: lepse
Morphology: verb, aorist active subjunctive 3rd singular or future middle indicative 2nd singular
Gloss: he/she/it may take; you will take
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To take, receive, or obtain.
Occurrences: 894

τοὺς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

δύο

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δύο
Transliteration: duo
Morphology: numeral, indeclinable or irregular
Gloss: two
Part of Speech: numeral
Definition: The numeral two.
Occurrences: 520

λίθους

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λίθος
Transliteration: lithous
Morphology: noun, masculine accusative plural
Gloss: stones
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Stone.
Occurrences: 209

λίθους

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λίθος
Transliteration: lithous
Morphology: noun, masculine accusative plural
Gloss: stones
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Stone.
Occurrences: 209

σμαράγδου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σμαράγδου
Transliteration: smaragdoy
Morphology: genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

γλύψεις

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: γλύψεις
Transliteration: glypseis
Morphology: Greek -εις form; likely verb 2nd singular or plural noun/adjective depending on context
Gloss: form requires context
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

αὐτοῖς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὀνόματα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὄνομα
Transliteration: onoma
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: name
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Name.
Occurrences: 908

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

υἱῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

Ἰσραήλ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰσραήλ
Transliteration: Israel
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Israel
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Israel; the patriarch, people, or land depending on context.
Occurrences: 2695

Targum Onkelos Torah Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Torah

Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.

וְתִסַב יָת תַּרְתֵּין אַבְנֵי בוּרְלָא וְתִגְלוֹף עֲלֵיהֶן שְׁמָהַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל:

10 word entries

וְתִסַב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תסב
Transliteration: wtsb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 52

יָת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 2463

תַּרְתֵּין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תרתין
Transliteration: trtyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 98

אַבְנֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אבני
Transliteration: 'bny
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 13

בוּרְלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ורלא
Transliteration: bwrl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 6

וְתִגְלוֹף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תגלוף
Transliteration: wtglwp
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 3

עֲלֵיהֶן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עליהן
Transliteration: 'lyhn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 8

שְׁמָהַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שמהת
Transliteration: shmht
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 22

בְּנֵי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בר
Transliteration: bny
Morphology: noun plural construct
Gloss: sons, children of
Occurrences: 1211

יִשְׂרָאֵל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ישראל
Transliteration: yshr'l
Morphology: proper noun
Gloss: Israel
Occurrences: 609

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܣܒ ܬܪ̈ܬܝܢ ܟܐ̈ܦܐ ܕܒܪܘܠܐ. ܘܓܠܘܦ ܥܠܝܗܝܢ ܫܡ̈ܗܐ ܕܒܢܝ̈ ܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ.

9 word entries

ܘܣܒ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WSB
Morphology: W-!!(NSB[
Occurrences: 0

ܬܪ̈ܬܝܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: TR"TJN
Morphology: TR/TJN
Occurrences: 0

ܟܐ̈ܦܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: K>"P>
Morphology: K>P/(J~>
Occurrences: 0

ܕܒܪܘܠܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DBRWL>
Morphology: D-BRWL/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܘܓܠܘܦ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WGLWP
Morphology: W-!!GL&WP[
Occurrences: 0

ܥܠܝܗܝܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: <LJHJN
Morphology: <L&J-HJN
Occurrences: 0

ܫܡ̈ܗܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: CM"H>
Morphology: CM&H/(J~>
Occurrences: 0

ܕܒܢܝ̈

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DBNJ"
Morphology: D-BN/J
Occurrences: 0

ܐܝܣܪܐܝܠ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >JSR>JL
Morphology: >JSR&>JL/
Occurrences: 0

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Sumesque duos lapides onychinos, et sculpes in eis nomina filiorum Israël:

12 word entries

sumesque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sumo
Transliteration: sumesque
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 141

{sumesque}

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: que
Transliteration: {sumesque}
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4392

duos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: duo
Transliteration: duos
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 695

lapides

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lapis
Transliteration: lapides
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 330

onychinos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: onychinus
Transliteration: onychinos
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 9

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

sculpes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sculpo
Transliteration: sculpes
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 17

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

eis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

nomina

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nomen
Transliteration: nomina
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1130

filiorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filius
Transliteration: filiorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 5067

Israhel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Israel
Transliteration: Israhel
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 2547

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Ezekiel 28:13

You were in Eden, the garden of God. Every precious stone adorned you: ruby, topaz, emerald, chrysolite, onyx, jasper, sapphire, turquoise, and beryl. Gold work of tambourines and of pipes was in you. They were prepared in the day that you were created.

3 relevance votes

2 Chronicles 2:7

“Now therefore send me a man skillful to work in gold, in silver, in bronze, in iron, and in purple, crimson, and blue, and who knows how to engrave engravings, to be with the skillful men who are with me in Judah and in Jerusalem, whom David my father provided.

2 relevance votes

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Exodus 28

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Ezekiel 28:13

2 Chronicles 2:7

Exodus 39:6

Isaiah 49:16

Job 28:16

Song of Solomon 8:6

Genesis 2:12

Exodus 28:20

Exodus 28:36

Exodus 39:13