Ecclesiastes 3

World English Bible Updated, Verse 10

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¹⁰ I have seen the burden which God has given to the sons of men to be afflicted with.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Ecclesiastes 3:10. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 61

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

רָאִ֣יתִי אֶת־הָֽעִנְיָ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֧ן אֱלֹהִ֛ים לִבְנֵ֥י הָאָדָ֖ם לַעֲנ֥וֹת בּֽוֹ׃

10 word entries

רָאִ֣יתִי

Lemma: 7200
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7200
Occurrences: 675

אֶת

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

הָֽעִנְיָ֗ן

Lemma: d/6045
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H6045
Occurrences: 2

אֲשֶׁ֨ר

Lemma: 834 a
Morphology: Hebrew: particle relative
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H834
Occurrences: 4808

נָתַ֧ן

Lemma: 5414
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5414
Occurrences: 1113

אֱלֹהִ֛ים

Lemma: 430
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H430
Occurrences: 1993

לִבְנֵ֥י

Lemma: l/1121 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1121
Occurrences: 256

הָאָדָ֖ם

Lemma: d/120
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H120
Occurrences: 137

לַעֲנ֥וֹת

Lemma: l/6031 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6031
Occurrences: 2

בּֽוֹ

Lemma: b
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 1362

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Εἶδον σὺν πάντα τὸν περισπασμὸν, ὃν ἔδωκεν ὁ Θεὸς τοῖς υἱοῖς τῶν ἀνθρώπων τοῦ περισπᾶσθαι ἐν αὐτῷ.

17 word entries

Εἶδον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁράω
Transliteration: eidon
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 1st singular or 3rd plural
Gloss: I/they saw
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To see, perceive, or look at.
Occurrences: 768

σὺν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύν
Transliteration: syn
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition meaning with or together with.
Occurrences: 187

πάντα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πᾶς
Transliteration: pas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: all, every
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: All, every, whole.
Occurrences: 6138

τὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

περισπασμὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: περισπασμὸν
Transliteration: perispasmon
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

ὃν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: hon
Morphology: relative pronoun, accusative masculine singular
Gloss: whom, which
Part of Speech: relative pronoun
Definition: Relative pronoun who, which, that.
Occurrences: 4123

ἔδωκεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δίδωμι
Transliteration: edoken
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it gave
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To give.
Occurrences: 1384

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Θεὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: θεός
Transliteration: theos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: God, god
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: God, deity, or divine being.
Strong's: G2316
Occurrences: 3522

τοῖς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

υἱοῖς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀνθρώπων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἄνθρωπος
Transliteration: anthropos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: human, man
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Human being, person, man.
Occurrences: 1305

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

περισπᾶσθαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: περισπᾶσθαι
Transliteration: perispasthai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

αὐτῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܚܙܝܬ ܥܢܝܢܐ ܕܝܗܒ ܡܪܝܐ ܠܒܢ̈ܝ ܐܢܫܐ ܠܡܬܥܢܝܘ ܒܗ

8 word entries

ܚܙܝܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܙܝܬ
Transliteration: hzyt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
Occurrences: 87

ܥܢܝܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܢܝܢܐ
Transliteration: 'nyn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 6

ܕܝܗܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܝܗܒ
Transliteration: dyhb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 67

ܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܪܝܐ
Transliteration: maryah
Morphology: divine title, emphatic form
Gloss: Lord
Occurrences: 2917

ܠܒܢ̈ܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܒܢܝ
Transliteration: lbny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 121

ܐܢܫܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܢܫܐ
Transliteration: 'nsh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 290

ܠܡܬܥܢܝܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܬܥܢܝܘ
Transliteration: lmt'nyw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 2

ܒܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܗ
Transliteration: bh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 571

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

חָזִית יָת גַוָן יִסּוּרִין וּפוּרְעָנוּתָא דִי יְהַב יְיָ לִבְנֵי אֱנָשָׁא דִי אִינוּן רַשִּׁיעִין לְסַגָּפוּתְהוֹן בֵּיהּ׃

15 word entries

חָזִית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חזית
Transliteration: chzyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 48

יָת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 4303

גַוָן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גון
Transliteration: gwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 17

יִסּוּרִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יסורין
Transliteration: yswryn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 15

וּפוּרְעָנוּתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פורענותא
Transliteration: wpwr'nwt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 55

דִי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: די
Transliteration: dy
Morphology: relative/genitive particle
Gloss: of, that, which
Occurrences: 1711

יְהַב

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יהב
Transliteration: yhb
Morphology: verbal root יהב
Gloss: gave, placed
Occurrences: 259

יְיָ

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יהוה
Transliteration: yy
Morphology: divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
Gloss: the Lord
Occurrences: 3908

לִבְנֵי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בר
Transliteration: lbny
Morphology: prefixed preposition ל + noun plural construct
Gloss: to/for sons, children of
Occurrences: 2734

אֱנָשָׁא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אנשא
Transliteration: 'nsh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 203

דִי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: די
Transliteration: dy
Morphology: relative/genitive particle
Gloss: of, that, which
Occurrences: 1711

אִינוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אינון
Transliteration: 'ynwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 449

רַשִּׁיעִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רשיעין
Transliteration: rshy'yn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 27

לְסַגָּפוּתְהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סגפותהון
Transliteration: lsgpwthwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

בֵּיהּ׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ביה
Transliteration: byh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 359

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Vidi afflictionem quam dedit Deus filiis hominum, ut distendantur in ea.

11 word entries

vidi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uideo
Transliteration: vidi
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1988

adflictionem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: afflictio
Transliteration: adflictionem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 67

quam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: quam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

dedit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: do
Transliteration: dedit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 2116

Deus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: deus
Transliteration: Deus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: God
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: God, deity
Etymology: Latin noun for God or a god.
Occurrences: 4889

filiis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filius
Transliteration: filiis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 5067

hominum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: homo
Transliteration: hominum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1653

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ut
Transliteration: ut
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4533

distendantur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: distendo
Transliteration: distendantur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: ea
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Ecclesiastes 3

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Genesis 3:19

Ecclesiastes 2:26

2 Thessalonians 3:8

1 Thessalonians 2:9