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World English Bible Updated

Deuteronomy 27

World English Bible Updated, Verse 25

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²⁵ ‘Cursed is he who takes a bribe to kill an innocent person.’ All the people shall say, ‘Amen.’

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Deuteronomy 27:25. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 65

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

אָרוּר֙ לֹקֵ֣חַ שֹׁ֔חַד לְהַכּ֥וֹת נֶ֖פֶשׁ דָּ֣ם נָקִ֑י וְאָמַ֥ר כָּל־הָעָ֖ם אָמֵֽן׃ ס

11 word entries

אָרוּר֙

Lemma: 779
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle passive
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H779
Occurrences: 50

לֹקֵ֣חַ

Lemma: 3947
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3947
Occurrences: 420

שֹׁ֔חַד

Lemma: 7810
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7810
Occurrences: 14

לְהַכּ֥וֹת

Lemma: l/5221
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb hiphil infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5221
Occurrences: 22

נֶ֖פֶשׁ

Lemma: 5315
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5315
Occurrences: 576

דָּ֣ם

Lemma: 1818
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1818
Occurrences: 169

נָקִ֑י

Lemma: 5355 a
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H5355
Occurrences: 33

וְאָמַ֥ר

Lemma: c/559
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 3026

כָּל

Lemma: 3605
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 3268

הָעָ֖ם

Lemma: d/5971 a
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H5971
Occurrences: 815

אָמֵֽן

Lemma: 543
Morphology: Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech: adverb
Strong's: H543
Occurrences: 27

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἐπικατάρατος ὃς ἂν λάβῃ δῶρα πατάξαι ψυχὴν αἵματος ἀθῴου· καὶ ἐροῦσι πᾶς ὁ λαὸς, γένοιτο.

15 word entries

Ἐπικατάρατος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐπικατάρατος
Transliteration: epikataratos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 37

ὃς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: hos
Morphology: relative pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: who, which
Part of Speech: relative pronoun
Definition: Relative pronoun who, which, that.
Occurrences: 4123

ἂν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἄν
Transliteration: an
Morphology: modal particle
Gloss: would, might
Part of Speech: modal particle
Definition: Modal particle marking contingency or potentiality.
Occurrences: 633

λάβῃ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: λάβῃ
Transliteration: labe
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 20

δῶρα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δῶρον
Transliteration: doron
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: gift, offering
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Gift or offering.
Occurrences: 141

πατάξαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πατάξαι
Transliteration: pataxai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 26

ψυχὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ψυχή
Transliteration: psyche
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: soul, life
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Soul, life, self, or living being.
Occurrences: 809

αἵματος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αἷμα
Transliteration: haima
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: blood
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Blood.
Occurrences: 282

ἀθῴου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἀθῴου
Transliteration: athoy
Morphology: genitive singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐροῦσι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: erousi
Morphology: verb, future active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they will say
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

πᾶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πᾶς
Transliteration: pas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: all, every
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: All, every, whole.
Occurrences: 6138

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

λαὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λαός
Transliteration: laos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: people
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: People, nation, or community.
Occurrences: 1841

γένοιτο

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γίνομαι
Transliteration: genoito
Morphology: verb, aorist middle optative, 3rd singular
Gloss: may it be, may it happen
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To become, happen, come to be, or be made.
Occurrences: 1418

Targum Onkelos Torah Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Torah

Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.

לִיטּ דִי מְקַבֵּל שׂחֲדָא לְמִקְטַל נְפַשׁ דַם זַכַּי וְיֵימַר כָּל עַמָא אָמֵן

12 word entries

לִיטּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ליט
Transliteration: lyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 23

דִי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: די
Transliteration: dy
Morphology: relative/genitive particle
Gloss: of, that, which
Occurrences: 1640

מְקַבֵּל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קבל
Transliteration: mqbl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 67

שׂחֲדָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שחדא
Transliteration: shchd'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 4

לְמִקְטַל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מקטל
Transliteration: lmqtl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

נְפַשׁ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נפש
Transliteration: npsh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 18

דַם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דם
Transliteration: dm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 16

זַכַּי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: זכי
Transliteration: zky
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 10

וְיֵימַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יימר
Transliteration: wyymr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 29

כָּל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: כל
Transliteration: kl
Morphology: collective noun/adjective
Gloss: all, every
Occurrences: 937

עַמָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: עם
Transliteration: 'm'
Morphology: noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss: people
Occurrences: 613

אָמֵן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אמן
Transliteration: 'mn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 26

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܠܝܛ ܗܘ ܟܠ ܕܢܣܒ ܫܘܚܕܐ ܠܡܩܛܠ ܢܦܫܐ ܕܕܡܐ ܙܟܝܐ. ܘܢܐܡܪ ܟܠܗ ܥܡܐ ܐܡܝܢ.

13 word entries

ܠܝܛ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LJV
Morphology: L(W&JV[/:p
Occurrences: 0

ܗܘ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: HW
Morphology: HW
Occurrences: 0

ܟܠ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: KL
Morphology: KL/
Occurrences: 0

ܕܢܣܒ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DNSB
Morphology: D-NSB[
Occurrences: 0

ܫܘܚܕܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: CWXD>
Morphology: C&WX(WD/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܠܡܩܛܠ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LMQVL
Morphology: L-!M!QVL[/
Occurrences: 0

ܢܦܫܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: NPC>
Morphology: NPC/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܕܕܡܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DDM>
Morphology: D-DM/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܙܟܝܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: ZKJ>
Morphology: ZKJ=/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܘܢܐܡܪ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WN>MR
Morphology: W-!N!>MR[
Occurrences: 0

ܟܠܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: KLH
Morphology: KL/-H
Occurrences: 0

ܥܡܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: <M>
Morphology: <M=/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܐܡܝܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >MJN
Morphology: >MJN
Occurrences: 0

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Maledictus qui accipit munera, ut percutiat animam sanguinis innocentis: et dicet omnis populus: Amen.

14 word entries

maledictus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: maledico
Transliteration: maledictus
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 142

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

accipit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: accipio
Transliteration: accipit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 632

munera

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: munus
Transliteration: munera
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 118

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ut
Transliteration: ut
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4533

percutiat

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: percutio
Transliteration: percutiat
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 576

animam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: anima
Transliteration: animam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 916

sanguinis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sanguis
Transliteration: sanguinis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 475

innocentis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: innocens
Transliteration: innocentis
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 62

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

dicet

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dico
Transliteration: dicet
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 6477

omnis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omnis
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

populus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: populus
Transliteration: populus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2030

amen

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: amen
Transliteration: amen
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 166

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Deuteronomy 27

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Ranked cross references

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