Baruch 1

World English Bible Updated, Verse 18

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¹⁸ We have disobeyed him and have not listened to the voice of the Lord our God, to walk in the commandments of the Lord that he has set before us.

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Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Baruch 1:18. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 3

Word Entries 58

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

καὶ ἠπειθήσαμεν αὐτῷ, καὶ οὐκ ἠκούσαμεν τῆς φωνῆς Κυρίου Θεοῦ ἡμῶν, πορεύεσθαι τοῖς προστάγμασι Κυρίου, οἷς ἔδωκε κατὰ πρόσωπον ἡμῶν,

20 word entries

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἠπειθήσαμεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἠπειθήσαμεν
Transliteration: epeithesamen
Morphology: verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

αὐτῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

οὐκ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὐ
Transliteration: ou
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences: 5892

ἠκούσαμεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἠκούσαμεν
Transliteration: ekoysamen
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἠκούσαμεν
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 23

τῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

φωνῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: φωνή
Transliteration: phones
Morphology: noun, feminine genitive singular
Gloss: of a voice, sound
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Voice, sound, or utterance.
Occurrences: 549

Κυρίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

Θεοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: θεός
Transliteration: theou
Morphology: noun, masculine genitive singular
Gloss: of God
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: God, deity, or divine being.
Strong's: G2316
Occurrences: 3522

ἡμῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

πορεύεσθαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πορεύομαι
Transliteration: poreuesthai
Morphology: present middle/passive infinitive
Gloss: to go, to journey
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: To go, travel, journey, or walk.
Occurrences: 631

τοῖς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

προστάγμασι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: προστάγμασι
Transliteration: prostagmasi
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

Κυρίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

οἷς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: hois
Morphology: relative pronoun, dative masculine/neuter plural
Gloss: to whom, in which
Part of Speech: relative pronoun
Definition: Relative pronoun who, which, that.
Occurrences: 4123

ἔδωκε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δίδωμι
Transliteration: edoke
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it gave
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To give.
Occurrences: 1384

κατὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κατά
Transliteration: kata
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: according to, against, down
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of κατά.
Occurrences: 1973

πρόσωπον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πρόσωπον
Transliteration: prosopon
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: face, presence
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Face, presence, person, or front.
Occurrences: 1170

ἡμῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܠܐ ܫܡܥܢܝܗܝ̣ ܘܫܛܢ ܦܘܩ̈ܕܢܘܗܝ. ܘܠܐ ܐܬܛܦܝܣܢ̣ ܘܠܐ ܫܡܥ̣ܢ ܒܩܠܗ ܕܡܪܝܐ ܐܠܗܢ̇. ܕܢܗ̇ܠܟ ܒܦܘܩ̈ܕܢܘܗܝ ܕܡܪܝܐ ܐܠܗܢ ܕܝܗ̣ܒ ܩܕܡ ܐ̈ܦܝܢ

18 word entries

ܘܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܠܐ
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1993

ܫܡܥܢܝܗܝ̣

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܡܥܢܝܗܝ
Transliteration: shm'nyhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

ܘܫܛܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܫܛܢ
Transliteration: wshtn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܦܘܩ̈ܕܢܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܦܘܩܕܢܘܗܝ
Transliteration: pwqdnwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 29

ܘܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܠܐ
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1993

ܐܬܛܦܝܣܢ̣

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܬܛܦܝܣܢ
Transliteration: 'ttpysn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

ܘܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܠܐ
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1993

ܫܡܥ̣ܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܡܥܢ
Transliteration: shm'n
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 19

ܒܩܠܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܩܠܗ
Transliteration: bqlh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 43

ܕܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܪܝܐ
Transliteration: dmry'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1345

ܐܠܗܢ̇

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܠܗܢ
Transliteration: 'lhn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 147

ܕܢܗ̇ܠܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܢܗܠܟ
Transliteration: dnhlk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 5

ܒܦܘܩ̈ܕܢܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܦܘܩܕܢܘܗܝ
Transliteration: bpwqdnwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 8

ܕܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܪܝܐ
Transliteration: dmry'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1345

ܐܠܗܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܠܗܢ
Transliteration: 'lhn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 147

ܕܝܗ̣ܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܝܗܒ
Transliteration: dyhb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 67

ܩܕܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܕܡ
Transliteration: qdm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1019

ܐ̈ܦܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܦܝܢ
Transliteration: 'pyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 9

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

et non fuimus subjectibiles illi, et non audivimus vocem Domini Dei nostri, ut ambularemus in mandatis ejus, quæ dedit nobis.

20 word entries

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

non

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: negative adverb
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 7320

fuimus

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: fuimus
Transliteration: fuimus
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 1

subjectibiles

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: subjectibiles
Transliteration: subjectibiles
Morphology: preliminary Latin source token
Occurrences: 1

illi

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: illi
Transliteration: illi
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 11

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

non

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: negative adverb
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 7320

audivimus

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: audivimus
Transliteration: audivimus
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 6

vocem

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: vocem
Transliteration: vocem
Morphology: preliminary Latin source token
Occurrences: 21

Domini

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: domini
Transliteration: Domini
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 33

Dei

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: dei
Transliteration: Dei
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 59

nostri

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: nostri
Transliteration: nostri
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 17

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: ut
Transliteration: ut
Morphology: preliminary Latin finite verb, 3rd singular
Occurrences: 4533

ambularemus

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: ambularemus
Transliteration: ambularemus
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 2

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

mandatis

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: mandatis
Transliteration: mandatis
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 2

ejus

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: ejus
Transliteration: ejus
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 202

quæ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: quæ
Transliteration: quæ
Morphology: preliminary Latin source token
Occurrences: 100

dedit

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: dedit
Transliteration: dedit
Morphology: preliminary Latin finite verb, 3rd singular
Occurrences: 10

nobis

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Note: Machine-enriched from transliteration and language rules. Detailed morphology is pending a dedicated source import.
Lemma: nobis
Transliteration: nobis
Morphology: preliminary Latin nominal/adjectival form
Occurrences: 36

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