27 How the mighty have fallen, and the weapons of war have perished!”
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Samuel 1:27. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
32
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
אֵ֚יךְ נָפְל֣וּ גִבּוֹרִ֔ים וַיֹּאבְד֖וּ כְּלֵ֥י מִלְחָמָֽה׃ פ
6 word entries
נָפְל֣וּ
גִבּוֹרִ֔ים
וַיֹּאבְד֖וּ
כְּלֵ֥י
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Πῶς ἔπεσαν δυνατοὶ, καὶ ἀπώλοντο σκεύη πολεμικά;
7 word entries
Πῶς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πῶς
- Transliteration
- pos
- Morphology
- interrogative adverb
- Gloss
- how?
- Part of Speech
- adverb
- Definition
- Interrogative adverb meaning how.
- Occurrences
- 125
ἔπεσαν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἔπεσαν
- Transliteration
- epesan
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
- Gloss
- they ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 21
δυνατοὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- δυνατοὶ
- Transliteration
- dynatoi
- Morphology
- nominative plural masculine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 34
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἀπώλοντο
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἀπώλοντο
- Transliteration
- apolonto
- Morphology
- verb, middle/passive indicative, 3rd plural pattern
- Gloss
- they were ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 18
σκεύη
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- σκεῦος
- Transliteration
- skeuos
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
- Gloss
- vessel, implement
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Vessel, implement, object, or container.
- Occurrences
- 264
πολεμικά
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- πολεμικά
- Transliteration
- polemika
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܐܝܟܢܐ ܢܦܠܘ ܓܢܒܪ̈ܐ ܘܐܒܕܘ ܡܐ̈ܢܐ ܕܩܪܒܐ
6 word entries
ܐܝܟܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܟܢܐ
- Transliteration
- 'ykn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 202
ܢܦܠܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܦܠܘ
- Transliteration
- nplw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 27
ܓܢܒܪ̈ܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܓܢܒܪܐ
- Transliteration
- gnbr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 64
ܘܐܒܕܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܒܕܘ
- Transliteration
- w'bdw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 9
ܡܐ̈ܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܐܢܐ
- Transliteration
- m'n'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 123
ܕܩܪܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܩܪܒܐ
- Transliteration
- dqrb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 37
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
אֵיכְדֵין אִתְקְטָלוּ גִבָּרַיָא וַאֲבָדוּ מָנֵי קְרָבָא׃
6 word entries
אֵיכְדֵין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- איכדין
- Transliteration
- 'ykdyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 67
אִתְקְטָלוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אתקטלו
- Transliteration
- 'tqtlw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 22
גִבָּרַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גבריא
- Transliteration
- gbry'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 191
וַאֲבָדוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אבדו
- Transliteration
- w'bdw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 8
מָנֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מני
- Transliteration
- mny
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 268
קְרָבָא׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קרבא
- Transliteration
- qrb'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 469
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Quomodo ceciderunt robusti, et perierunt arma bellica?]
7 word entries
quomodo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quomodo
- Transliteration
- quomodo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 284
ceciderunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cado
- Transliteration
- ceciderunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 410
robusti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- robustus
- Transliteration
- robusti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 85
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
perierunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pereo
- Transliteration
- perierunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 250
arma
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- arma
- Transliteration
- arma
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 86
bellica
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- bellicus
- Transliteration
- bellica
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 10
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
2 Samuel 1:25
How the mighty have fallen in the middle of the battle! Jonathan was slain on your high places.
7 relevance votes2 Samuel 1:19
“Your glory, Israel, was slain on your high places! How the mighty have fallen!
6 relevance votesPsalms 46:9
He makes wars cease to the end of the earth. He breaks the bow, and shatters the spear. He burns the chariots in the fire.
5 relevance votes2 Kings 2:12
Elisha saw it, and he cried, “My father, my father, the chariots of Israel and its horsemen!” He saw him no more. Then he took hold of his own clothes and tore them in two pieces.
4 relevance votes2 Kings 13:14
Now Elisha became sick with the illness of which he died; and Joash the king of Israel came down to him, and wept over him, and said, “My father, my father, the chariots of Israel and its horsemen!”
2 relevance votes