5 He burned the bones of the priests on their altars, and purged Judah and Jerusalem.
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World English Bible Updated
2 Chronicles 34
World English Bible Updated, Verse 5
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Chronicles 34:5. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
62
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וְעַצְמוֹת֙ כֹּֽהֲנִ֔ים שָׂרַ֖ף עַל־מזבחותים וַיְטַהֵ֥ר אֶת־יְהוּדָ֖ה וְאֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃
11 word entries
וְעַצְמוֹת֙
כֹּֽהֲנִ֔ים
שָׂרַ֖ף
עַל
מזבחותים
מִזְבְּחוֹתָ֑ם
וַיְטַהֵ֥ר
אֶת
וְאֶת
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καὶ ὀστᾶ ἱερέων κατέκαυσεν ἐπὶ τὰ θυσιαστήρια, καὶ ἐκαθάρισε τὸν Ἰούδαν καὶ τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ,
14 word entries
Καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ὀστᾶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὀστέον
- Transliteration
- osta
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative plural
- Gloss
- bones
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Bone.
- Occurrences
- 80
ἱερέων
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἱερεύς
- Transliteration
- hiereon
- Morphology
- noun, masculine genitive plural
- Gloss
- of priests
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Priest.
- Occurrences
- 817
κατέκαυσεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- κατέκαυσεν
- Transliteration
- katekaysen
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 13
ἐπὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- epi
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
τὰ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
θυσιαστήρια
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- θυσιαστήρια
- Transliteration
- thysiasteria
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 29
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἐκαθάρισε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἐκαθάρισε
- Transliteration
- ekatharise
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 5
τὸν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Ἰούδαν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Ἰούδας
- Transliteration
- Ioudan
- Morphology
- proper noun, accusative masculine singular
- Gloss
- Judah/Judas
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Judah or Judas depending on context.
- Occurrences
- 221
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
τὴν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Ἱερουσαλὴμ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Ἱερουσαλήμ
- Transliteration
- Hierousalem
- Morphology
- proper noun, indeclinable
- Gloss
- Jerusalem
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Jerusalem.
- Occurrences
- 763
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܓܪ̈ܡܐ ܕܟܘܡܪ̈ܐ ܕܦ̇ܠܚܝܢ ܗܘܘ ܠܗܘܢ ܚܛ ܐܢܘܢ ܡܢ ܩܒܪ̈ܝܗܘܢ ܘܐܝܬܝ ܘܐܘܩܕ ܐܢܘܢ ܘܕܟܝ ܠܝܗܘܕܐ ܘܠܐܘܪܫܠܡ
15 word entries
ܘܓܪ̈ܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܓܪܡܐ
- Transliteration
- wgrm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 9
ܕܟܘܡܪ̈ܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܟܘܡܪܐ
- Transliteration
- dkwmr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 7
ܕܦ̇ܠܚܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܦܠܚܝܢ
- Transliteration
- dplhyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 4
ܗܘܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܘ
- Transliteration
- hww
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1064
ܠܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1134
ܚܛ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܛ
- Transliteration
- ht
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'nwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 1636
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 5552
ܩܒܪ̈ܝܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܒܪܝܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- qbryhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 4
ܘܐܝܬܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܝܬܝ
- Transliteration
- w'yty
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 42
ܘܐܘܩܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܘܩܕ
- Transliteration
- w'wqd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 9
ܐܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'nwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 1636
ܘܕܟܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܕܟܝ
- Transliteration
- wdky
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 6
ܠܝܗܘܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܝܗܘܕܐ
- Transliteration
- lyhwd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 44
ܘܠܐܘܪܫܠܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܠܐܘܪܫܠܡ
- Transliteration
- wl'wrshlm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 9
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וְגַרְמֵי כּוּמָרַיָא אוֹקִיד עַל אֲגוֹרֵיהוֹן וְדַכֵּי יַת יְהוּדָה וְיַת יְרוּשְׁלֵם׃
10 word entries
וְגַרְמֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גרמי
- Transliteration
- wgrmy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 41
כּוּמָרַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ומריא
- Transliteration
- kwmry'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 7
אוֹקִיד
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אוקיד
- Transliteration
- 'wqyd
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 22
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
אֲגוֹרֵיהוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אגוריהון
- Transliteration
- 'gwryhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 12
וְדַכֵּי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דכי
- Transliteration
- wdky
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 23
יַת
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ית
- Transliteration
- yt
- Morphology
- accusative/direct object marker
- Gloss
- direct object marker
- Occurrences
- 4303
יְהוּדָה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יהודה
- Transliteration
- yhwdh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 745
וְיַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- וית
- Transliteration
- wyt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1320
יְרוּשְׁלֵם׃
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ירושלם
- Transliteration
- yrwshlm
- Morphology
- proper noun
- Gloss
- Jerusalem
- Occurrences
- 642
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Ossa præterea sacerdotum combussit in altaribus idolorum, mundavitque Judam et Jerusalem.
12 word entries
ossa
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- os
- Transliteration
- ossa
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 657
praeterea
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praeterea
- Transliteration
- praeterea
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 6
sacerdotum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sacerdos
- Transliteration
- sacerdotum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 777
conbusit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- comburo
- Transliteration
- conbusit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 103
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
altaribus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- altar
- Transliteration
- altaribus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 27
idolorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- idolum
- Transliteration
- idolorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 144
mundavitque
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- mundo
- Transliteration
- mundavitque
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 96
{mundavitque}
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- que
- Transliteration
- {mundavitque}
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4392
Iudam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iuda
- Transliteration
- Iudam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 970
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Hierusalem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Hierosolyma
- Transliteration
- Hierusalem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 852
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
1 Kings 13:2
He cried against the altar by the LORD’s word, and said, “Altar! Altar! The LORD says: ‘Behold, a son will be born to David’s house, Josiah by name. On you he will sacrifice the priests of the high places who burn incense on you, and they will burn men’s bones on you.’”
5 relevance votes2 Kings 23:16
As Josiah turned himself, he spied the tombs that were there in the mountain; and he sent, and took the bones out of the tombs, and burned them on the altar, and defiled it, according to the LORD’s word which the man of God proclaimed, who proclaimed these things.
2 relevance votes2 Chronicles 34:7
He broke down the altars, beat the Asherah poles and the engraved images into powder, and cut down all the incense altars throughout all the land of Israel, then returned to Jerusalem.
2 relevance votesEzekiel 22:24
“Son of man, tell her, ‘You are a land that is not cleansed nor rained on in the day of indignation.’
2 relevance votesJeremiah 3:10
Yet for all this her treacherous sister, Judah, has not returned to me with her whole heart, but only in pretense,” says the LORD.
2 relevance votes2 Kings 23:20
He killed all the priests of the high places that were there, on the altars, and burned men’s bones on them; and he returned to Jerusalem.
2 relevance votesJeremiah 4:14
Jerusalem, wash your heart from wickedness, that you may be saved. How long will your evil thoughts lodge within you?
2 relevance votesNumbers 35:33
“‘So you shall not pollute the land where you live; for blood pollutes the land. No atonement can be made for the land for the blood that is shed in it, but by the blood of him who shed it.
2 relevance votes