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World English Bible, Catholic Edition

Proverbs 20

World English Bible, Catholic Edition, Verse 27

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²⁷ The spirit of man is the LORD’s lamp, searching all his innermost parts.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 20:27. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 44

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

נֵ֣ר יְ֭הוָה נִשְׁמַ֣ת אָדָ֑ם חֹ֝פֵ֗שׂ כָּל־חַדְרֵי־בָֽטֶן׃

8 word entries

נֵ֣ר

Lemma: 5216 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5216
Occurrences: 25

יְ֭הוָה

Lemma: 3068
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3068
Occurrences: 5701

נִשְׁמַ֣ת

Lemma: 5397
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5397
Occurrences: 12

אָדָ֑ם

Lemma: 120
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H120
Occurrences: 338

חֹ֝פֵ֗שׂ

Lemma: 2664
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2664
Occurrences: 14

כָּל

Lemma: 3605
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 3268

חַדְרֵי

Lemma: 2315
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2315
Occurrences: 12

בָֽטֶן

Lemma: 990
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H990
Occurrences: 34

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Φῶς Κυρίου πνοὴ ἀνθρώπων, ὃς ἐρευνᾷ ταμιεῖα κοιλίας.

8 word entries

Φῶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: φῶς
Transliteration: phos
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: light
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Light.
Occurrences: 113

Κυρίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

πνοὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πνοὴ
Transliteration: pnoe
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 7

ἀνθρώπων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἄνθρωπος
Transliteration: anthropos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: human, man
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Human being, person, man.
Occurrences: 1305

ὃς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: hos
Morphology: relative pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: who, which
Part of Speech: relative pronoun
Definition: Relative pronoun who, which, that.
Occurrences: 4123

ἐρευνᾷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐρευνᾷ
Transliteration: ereyn
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ταμιεῖα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ταμιεῖα
Transliteration: tamieia
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

κοιλίας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κοιλία
Transliteration: koilias
Morphology: noun, feminine genitive singular or accusative plural
Gloss: belly, womb
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Belly, inner parts, womb, or abdomen.
Occurrences: 68

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܫܪܓܗ ܕܡܪܝܐ ܢܫܡܬܐ ܗܝ ܕܒܢ̈ܝ ܐܢܫܐ ܘܒܨܝܐ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܬܘ̈ܢܐ ܕܟܪܣܐ

10 word entries

ܫܪܓܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܪܓܗ
Transliteration: shrgh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5

ܕܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܪܝܐ
Transliteration: dmry'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1345

ܢܫܡܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܫܡܬܐ
Transliteration: nshmt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 6

ܗܝ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܝ
Transliteration: hi
Morphology: pronoun/copula, feminine singular
Gloss: she, it, is
Occurrences: 578

ܕܒܢ̈ܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܒܢܝ
Transliteration: dbny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 231

ܐܢܫܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܢܫܐ
Transliteration: 'nsh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 290

ܘܒܨܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܒܨܝܐ
Transliteration: wbsy'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

ܟܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܠܗܘܢ
Transliteration: klhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 719

ܬܘ̈ܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܘܢܐ
Transliteration: twn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 2

ܕܟܪܣܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܟܪܣܐ
Transliteration: dkrs'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 2

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

שְׁרָגָא דֵאלָהָא נִשְׁמְתָא דִבְנֵי נָשָׁא וּבָצְיָא כוּלְהוֹן גַוְיָא דִכְרֵיסָא׃

9 word entries

שְׁרָגָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שרגא
Transliteration: shrg'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 10

דֵאלָהָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אלה
Transliteration: d'lh'
Morphology: prefixed relative/genitive ד + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss: of/that God
Occurrences: 779

נִשְׁמְתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נשמתא
Transliteration: nshmt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 12

דִבְנֵי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בר
Transliteration: dbny
Morphology: prefixed relative/genitive ד + noun plural construct
Gloss: of/that sons, children of
Occurrences: 2734

נָשָׁא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נשא
Transliteration: nsh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 118

וּבָצְיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בציא
Transliteration: wbtsy'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

כוּלְהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ולהון
Transliteration: kwlhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 156

גַוְיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גויא
Transliteration: gwy'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

דִכְרֵיסָא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כריסא
Transliteration: dkrys'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 9

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Lucerna Domini spiraculum hominis, quæ investigat omnia secreta ventris.

9 word entries

lucerna

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lucerna
Transliteration: lucerna
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 64

Domini

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Domini
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

spiraculum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: spiraculum
Transliteration: spiraculum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 6

hominis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: homo
Transliteration: hominis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1653

quae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: quae
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

investigat

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: inuestigo
Transliteration: investigat
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 27

omnia

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omnia
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

secreta

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: secretus
Transliteration: secreta
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 16

ventris

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uenter
Transliteration: ventris
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 74

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Proverbs 20

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Ranked cross references

1 Corinthians 2:11

Job 32:8

Romans 2:15

Genesis 2:7

Proverbs 20:30