12 except Caleb the son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite, and Joshua the son of Nun, because they have followed the LORD completely.’
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World English Bible, Catholic Edition
Numbers 32
World English Bible, Catholic Edition, Verse 12
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Numbers 32:12. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
65
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
בִּלְתִּ֞י כָּלֵ֤ב בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּה֙ הַקְּנִזִּ֔י וִיהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ בִּן־נ֑וּן כִּ֥י מִלְא֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃
12 word entries
בִּלְתִּ֞י
בֶּן
הַקְּנִזִּ֔י
וִיהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ
בִּן
כִּ֥י
מִלְא֖וּ
אַחֲרֵ֥י
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
πλὴν Χάλεβ υἱὸς Ἰεφοννὴ ὁ διακεχωρισμένος, καὶ Ἰησοῦς ὁ τοῦ Ναυὴ, ὅτι συνεπηκολούθησεν ὀπίσω Κυρίου.
15 word entries
πλὴν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πλήν
- Transliteration
- plen
- Morphology
- particle/preposition
- Gloss
- except, nevertheless
- Part of Speech
- particle/preposition
- Definition
- Exceptive or adversative particle/preposition.
- Occurrences
- 229
Χάλεβ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Χάλεβ
- Transliteration
- chaleb
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Χάλεβ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 27
υἱὸς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- υἱός
- Transliteration
- huios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- son
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Son, descendant, or member of a group.
- Occurrences
- 4805
Ἰεφοννὴ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Ἰεφοννὴ
- Transliteration
- iephonne
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Ἰεφοννὴ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 8
ὁ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
διακεχωρισμένος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- διακεχωρισμένος
- Transliteration
- diakechorismenos
- Morphology
- nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
Ἰησοῦς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Ἰησοῦς
- Transliteration
- Iesous
- Morphology
- proper noun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- Joshua/Jesus
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Joshua/Jesus, biblical personal name.
- Occurrences
- 206
ὁ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
τοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Ναυὴ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Ναυὴ
- Transliteration
- naye
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Ναυὴ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 11
ὅτι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὅτι
- Transliteration
- hoti
- Morphology
- subordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- that, because, for
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Conjunction introducing cause, content, or explanation.
- Occurrences
- 3703
συνεπηκολούθησεν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- συνεπηκολούθησεν
- Transliteration
- synepekoloythesen
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
ὀπίσω
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὀπίσω
- Transliteration
- opiso
- Morphology
- adverb/preposition
- Gloss
- behind, after
- Part of Speech
- adverb/preposition
- Definition
- Behind, after, or following.
- Occurrences
- 347
Κυρίου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κύριος
- Transliteration
- kyrios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- Lord, master
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
- Occurrences
- 7934
Targum Onkelos Torah
Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain
Coverage: Torah
Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.
אֱלָהֵן כָּלֵב בַּר יְפֻנֶה קְנִזָאָה וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ בַּר נוּן אֲרֵי אַשְׁלִימוּ בָּתַר דַחַלְתָּא דַיְיָ
13 word entries
אֱלָהֵן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אלהן
- Transliteration
- 'lhn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 27
כָּלֵב
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- כלב
- Transliteration
- klb
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 10
בַּר
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- בר
- Transliteration
- br
- Morphology
- noun masculine singular
- Gloss
- son
- Occurrences
- 1211
יְפֻנֶה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יפנה
- Transliteration
- ypnh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 8
קְנִזָאָה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קנזאה
- Transliteration
- qnz'h
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- יהושע
- Transliteration
- wyhwsh'
- Morphology
- prefixed conjunction ו + proper noun
- Gloss
- and Joshua
- Occurrences
- 26
בַּר
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- בר
- Transliteration
- br
- Morphology
- noun masculine singular
- Gloss
- son
- Occurrences
- 1211
נוּן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נון
- Transliteration
- nwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 16
אֲרֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ארי
- Transliteration
- 'ry
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 989
אַשְׁלִימוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אשלימו
- Transliteration
- 'shlymw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 4
בָּתַר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- בתר
- Transliteration
- btr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 149
דַחַלְתָּא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חלתא
- Transliteration
- dchlt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 11
דַיְיָ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דיי
- Transliteration
- dyy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 353
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܐܠܐ ܐܢ ܟܠܒ ܒܪ ܝܘܦܢܐ ܩܢܙܝܐ. ܘܝܫܘܥ ܒܪ ܢܘܢ ܕܫܡܠܝܘ ܒܬܪ ܡܪܝܐ.
12 word entries
ܐܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܠܐ
- Transliteration
- 'l'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 564
ܐܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢ
- Transliteration
- 'n
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 471
ܟܠܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܠܒ
- Transliteration
- klb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 11
ܒܪ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܒܪ
- Transliteration
- bar
- Morphology
- noun, masculine construct singular
- Gloss
- son
- Occurrences
- 1284
ܝܘܦܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܘܦܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ywpn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 11
ܩܢܙܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܢܙܝܐ
- Transliteration
- qnzy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 2
ܘܝܫܘܥ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܝܫܘܥ
- Transliteration
- wyshw'
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 22
ܒܪ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܒܪ
- Transliteration
- bar
- Morphology
- noun, masculine construct singular
- Gloss
- son
- Occurrences
- 1284
ܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- nwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 5
ܕܫܡܠܝܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܫܡܠܝܘ
- Transliteration
- dshmlyw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܒܬܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܬܪ
- Transliteration
- btr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 301
ܡܪܝܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܡܪܝܐ
- Transliteration
- maryah
- Morphology
- divine title, emphatic form
- Gloss
- Lord
- Occurrences
- 2917
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
præter Caleb filium Jephone Cenezæum, et Josue filium Nun: isti impleverunt voluntatem meam.
13 word entries
praeter
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praeter
- Transliteration
- praeter
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 53
Chaleb
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Chaleb
- Transliteration
- Chaleb
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 41
filium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- filius
- Transliteration
- filium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5067
Iepphonne
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iepphonne
- Transliteration
- Iepphonne
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 9
Cenezeum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Cenezeus
- Transliteration
- Cenezeum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 3
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Iosue
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iuses
- Transliteration
- Iosue
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 8
filium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- filius
- Transliteration
- filium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5067
Nun
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nunc
- Transliteration
- Nun
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 620
isti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iste
- Transliteration
- isti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 877
impleverunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- impleo
- Transliteration
- impleverunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 261
voluntatem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uoluntas
- Transliteration
- voluntatem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 170
meam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- meus
- Transliteration
- meam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4586
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Deuteronomy 1:36
except Caleb the son of Jephunneh. He shall see it. I will give the land that he has trodden on to him and to his children, because he has wholly followed the LORD.”
5 relevance votesNumbers 14:24
But my servant Caleb, because he had another spirit with him, and has followed me fully, him I will bring into the land into which he went. His offspring shall possess it.
4 relevance votesNumbers 14:30
surely you shall not come into the land concerning which I swore that I would make you dwell therein, except Caleb the son of Jephunneh, and Joshua the son of Nun.
4 relevance votesNumbers 26:65
For the LORD had said of them, “They shall surely die in the wilderness.” There was not a man left of them, except Caleb the son of Jephunneh, and Joshua the son of Nun.
2 relevance votes