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Santa Biblia — Reina-Valera 1909

Proverbs 27

Santa Biblia — Reina-Valera 1909, Verse 3

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³ Pesada es la piedra, y la arena pesa; mas la ira del necio es más pesada que ambas cosas.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 27:3. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 47

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

כֹּֽבֶד־אֶ֭בֶן וְנֵ֣טֶל הַח֑וֹל וְכַ֥עַס אֱ֝וִ֗יל כָּבֵ֥ד מִשְּׁנֵיהֶֽם׃

8 word entries

כֹּֽבֶד

Lemma: 3514
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3514
Occurrences: 2

אֶ֭בֶן

Lemma: 68
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H68
Occurrences: 146

וְנֵ֣טֶל

Lemma: c/5192
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5192
Occurrences: 1

הַח֑וֹל

Lemma: d/2344
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H2344
Occurrences: 1

וְכַ֥עַס

Lemma: c/3708 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3708
Occurrences: 5

אֱ֝וִ֗יל

Lemma: 191
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H191
Occurrences: 19

כָּבֵ֥ד

Lemma: 3515
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H3515
Occurrences: 31

מִשְּׁנֵיהֶֽם

Lemma: m/8147
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + adjective + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8147
Occurrences: 10

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Βαρὺ λίθος καὶ δυσβάστακτον ἄμμος, ὀργὴ δὲ ἄφρονος βαρυτέρα ἀμφοτέρων.

10 word entries

Βαρὺ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: βαρὺ
Transliteration: bary
Morphology: rare LXX source token; morphology and lexical role require manual review
Gloss: rare source form
Part of Speech: adverb/adjectival form
Definition: Final low-confidence LXX tail classification for a rare Greek, elided, numeral, or transliterated source token. Exact lexical identity and morphology require manual review.
Occurrences: 5

λίθος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: λίθος
Transliteration: lithos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 209

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

δυσβάστακτον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: δυσβάστακτον
Transliteration: dysbastakton
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἄμμος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἄμμος
Transliteration: ammos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 13

ὀργὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὀργή
Transliteration: orge
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: wrath, anger
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Wrath, anger, or indignation.
Occurrences: 216

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

ἄφρονος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἄφρονος
Transliteration: aphronos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 18

βαρυτέρα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: βαρυτέρα
Transliteration: barytera
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ἀμφοτέρων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀμφοτέρων
Transliteration: amphoteron
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 21

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܝܩܝܪܐ ܟܐܦܐ ܘܢܛܠ ܚܠܐ ܘܪܘܓܙܗ ܕܣܟܠܐ ܝܩܝܪ ܡܢ ܬܪ̈ܝܗܘܢ

9 word entries

ܝܩܝܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܩܝܪܐ
Transliteration: yqyr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 12

ܟܐܦܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܐܦܐ
Transliteration: k'p'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 107

ܘܢܛܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܢܛܠ
Transliteration: wntl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

ܚܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܠܐ
Transliteration: hl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 36

ܘܪܘܓܙܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܪܘܓܙܗ
Transliteration: wrwgzh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

ܕܣܟܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܣܟܠܐ
Transliteration: dskl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 29

ܝܩܝܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܩܝܪ
Transliteration: yqyr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 10

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܬܪ̈ܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܪܝܗܘܢ
Transliteration: tryhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 63

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

יְקָרָא כֵיפָא וּנְטוּל חָלָא וְרוּגְזֵיהּ דְשַׁטְיָא יַקִיר מִן תַּרְוֵיהוֹן׃

9 word entries

יְקָרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקרא
Transliteration: yqr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 111

כֵיפָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יפא
Transliteration: kyp'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 18

וּנְטוּל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נטול
Transliteration: wntwl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

חָלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חלא
Transliteration: chl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 46

וְרוּגְזֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רוגזיה
Transliteration: wrwgzyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 72

דְשַׁטְיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שטיא
Transliteration: dshty'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 39

יַקִיר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקיר
Transliteration: yqyr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 18

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

תַּרְוֵיהוֹן׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תרויהון
Transliteration: trwyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 35

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Grave est saxum, et onerosa arena, sed ira stulti utroque gravior.

11 word entries

grave

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: grauis
Transliteration: grave
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 58

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

saxum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: saxum
Transliteration: saxum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 17

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

onerosa

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: onerosus
Transliteration: onerosa
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 3

harena

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: arena
Transliteration: harena
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 32

sed

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sed
Transliteration: sed
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1637

ira

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ira
Transliteration: ira
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 265

stulti

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: stultus
Transliteration: stulti
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 129

utroque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uterque
Transliteration: utroque
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 138

gravior

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: grauis
Transliteration: gravior
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 58

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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