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English Revised Version

Proverbs 23

English Revised Version, Verse 24

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²⁴ The father of the righteous shall greatly rejoice: and he that begetteth a wise child shall have joy of him.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 23:24. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 52

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

גול יגול אֲבִ֣י צַדִּ֑יק יולד חָ֝כָ֗ם וישמח ־בּֽוֹ׃

12 word entries

גול

Lemma: 1524 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal infinitive absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1524
Occurrences: 5

גִּ֣יל

Lemma: 1524 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal infinitive absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1524
Occurrences: 5

יגול

Lemma: 1523
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1523
Occurrences: 32

יָ֭גִיל

Lemma: 1523
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1523
Occurrences: 32

אֲבִ֣י

Lemma: 1
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1
Occurrences: 995

צַדִּ֑יק

Lemma: 6662
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H6662
Occurrences: 160

יולד

Lemma: 3205
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3205
Occurrences: 300

וְיוֹלֵ֥ד

Lemma: c/3205
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3205
Occurrences: 145

חָ֝כָ֗ם

Lemma: 2450
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H2450
Occurrences: 104

וישמח

Lemma: c/8055
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H8055
Occurrences: 61

יִשְׂמַח

Lemma: 8055
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8055
Occurrences: 88

בּֽוֹ

Lemma: b/8055
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8055
Occurrences: 1

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καλῶς ἐκτρέφει πατὴρ δίκαιος, ἐπὶ δὲ υἱῷ σοφῷ εὐφραίνεται ἡ ψυχὴ αὐτοῦ.

12 word entries

Καλῶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: καλῶς
Transliteration: kalos
Morphology: adverbial -ως form or perfect participle pattern depending on context
Gloss: ...ly / having ...
Part of Speech: adverb/participle form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 32

ἐκτρέφει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐκτρέφει
Transliteration: ektrephei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

πατὴρ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πατήρ
Transliteration: pater
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: father
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Father or ancestor.
Occurrences: 1228

δίκαιος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δίκαιος
Transliteration: dikaios
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: righteous, just
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: Righteous, just, upright.
Occurrences: 227

ἐπὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐπί
Transliteration: epi
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences: 6685

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

υἱῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

σοφῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σοφῷ
Transliteration: soph
Morphology: 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
Gloss: I ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 7

εὐφραίνεται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: εὐφραίνεται
Transliteration: eyphrainetai
Morphology: verb, present/future middle-passive form, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

ἡ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ψυχὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ψυχή
Transliteration: psyche
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: soul, life
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Soul, life, self, or living being.
Occurrences: 809

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܢܪܘܙ ܘܢܕܘܨ ܐܒܘܗܝ ܕܙܕܝܩܐ ܘܢܘܠܕ ܚܟܝܡܐ ܘܢܚܕܐ ܒܗ ܐܒܘܗܝ

9 word entries

ܢܪܘܙ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܪܘܙ
Transliteration: nrwz
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 4

ܘܢܕܘܨ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܢܕܘܨ
Transliteration: wndws
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

ܐܒܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܒܘܗܝ
Transliteration: 'bwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 126

ܕܙܕܝܩܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܙܕܝܩܐ
Transliteration: dzdyq'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 69

ܘܢܘܠܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܢܘܠܕ
Transliteration: wnwld
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܚܟܝܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܟܝܡܐ
Transliteration: hkym'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 64

ܘܢܚܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܢܚܕܐ
Transliteration: wnhd'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 10

ܒܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܗ
Transliteration: bh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 571

ܐܒܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܒܘܗܝ
Transliteration: 'bwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 126

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

מְדוּץ נְדוּץ אֲבוּי דְצַדִיקָא וּמַן דְמוֹלִיד חַכִּימָא נֶחֱדֵי בֵיהּ׃

9 word entries

מְדוּץ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דוץ
Transliteration: mdwts
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

נְדוּץ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נדוץ
Transliteration: ndwts
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 3

אֲבוּי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אבוי
Transliteration: 'bwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 33

דְצַדִיקָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: צדיקא
Transliteration: dtsdyq'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 74

וּמַן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ומן
Transliteration: wmn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 310

דְמוֹלִיד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מוליד
Transliteration: dmwlyd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

חַכִּימָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חכימא
Transliteration: chkym'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 44

נֶחֱדֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נחדי
Transliteration: nchdy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 8

בֵיהּ׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ביה
Transliteration: byh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 359

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Exsultat gaudio pater justi; qui sapientem genuit, lætabitur in eo.

10 word entries

exultat

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: exsulto
Transliteration: exultat
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 112

gaudio

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: gaudium
Transliteration: gaudio
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 142

pater

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pater
Transliteration: pater
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1575

iusti

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: iustus
Transliteration: iusti
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 427

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

sapientem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sapiens
Transliteration: sapientem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 208

genuit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: gigno
Transliteration: genuit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 302

laetabitur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: laetor
Transliteration: laetabitur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 159

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eo
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Proverbs 23

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