30 We have shot at them; Heshbon is perished even unto Dibon, And we have laid waste even unto Nophah, Which reacheth unto Medeba.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Numbers 21:30. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
62
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וַנִּירָ֛ם אָבַ֥ד חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן עַד־דִּיב֑וֹן וַנַּשִּׁ֣ים עַד־נֹ֔פַח אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ עַד־מֵֽידְבָֽא׃
11 word entries
וַנִּירָ֛ם
אָבַ֥ד
וַנַּשִּׁ֣ים
אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
καὶ τὸ σπέρμα αὐτῶν ἀπολεῖται, Ἑσεβὼν ἕως Δαιβών· καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες ἔτι προσεξέκαυσαν πῦρ ἐπὶ Μωάβ.
16 word entries
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
τὸ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
σπέρμα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- σπέρμα
- Transliteration
- sperma
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
- Gloss
- seed, offspring
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Seed, offspring, descendant, or sowing.
- Occurrences
- 200
αὐτῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
ἀπολεῖται
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἀπολεῖται
- Transliteration
- apoleitai
- Morphology
- nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/verb form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 37
Ἑσεβὼν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἑσεβὼν
- Transliteration
- esebon
- Morphology
- Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
- Gloss
- of ... / being ...
- Part of Speech
- participle/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
ἕως
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἕως
- Transliteration
- heos
- Morphology
- preposition/conjunction
- Gloss
- until, as far as
- Part of Speech
- preposition/conjunction
- Definition
- Temporal or spatial marker.
- Occurrences
- 1413
Δαιβών
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- δαιβών
- Transliteration
- daibon
- Morphology
- Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
- Gloss
- of ... / being ...
- Part of Speech
- participle/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
αἱ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
γυναῖκες
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- γυνή
- Transliteration
- gynaikes
- Morphology
- noun, feminine nominative plural
- Gloss
- women, wives
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Woman or wife.
- Occurrences
- 889
ἔτι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἔτι
- Transliteration
- eti
- Morphology
- adverb
- Gloss
- still, yet, again
- Part of Speech
- adverb
- Definition
- Still, yet, further.
- Occurrences
- 520
προσεξέκαυσαν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- προσεξέκαυσαν
- Transliteration
- prosexekaysan
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
- Gloss
- they ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
πῦρ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πῦρ
- Transliteration
- pyr
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
- Gloss
- fire
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Fire.
- Occurrences
- 446
ἐπὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- epi
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
Μωάβ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Μωάβ
- Transliteration
- moab
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Μωάβ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Moab.
- Occurrences
- 174
Targum Onkelos Torah
Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain
Coverage: Torah
Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.
וּמַלְכוּ פְסָקַת מֵחֶשְׁבּוֹן עֲדָא שׁוּלְטַן מִדִיבוֹן וְצֲדִיאוּ עַד נֹפַח דִסְמִיךְ עַד מֵידְבָא
12 word entries
וּמַלְכוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מלכו
- Transliteration
- wmlkw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
פְסָקַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פסקת
- Transliteration
- psqt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
מֵחֶשְׁבּוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חשבון
- Transliteration
- mchshbwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 15
עֲדָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עדא
- Transliteration
- 'd'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 3
שׁוּלְטַן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שולטן
- Transliteration
- shwltn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
מִדִיבוֹן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דיבון
- Transliteration
- mdybwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 3
וְצֲדִיאוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- צדיאו
- Transliteration
- wtsdy'w
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
עַד
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עד
- Transliteration
- 'd
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 292
נֹפַח
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נפח
- Transliteration
- npch
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 2
דִסְמִיךְ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סמיך
- Transliteration
- dsmyk
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
עַד
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עד
- Transliteration
- 'd
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 292
מֵידְבָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ידבא
- Transliteration
- mydb'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܚܩ̈ܠܬܐ ܕܚܫܒܘܢ ܐܒܕ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܪܝܒܘܢ. ܘܨ̈ܕܝ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܢܟܚ ܕܒܡܕܒܪܐ.
9 word entries
ܘܚܩ̈ܠܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܚܩܠܬܐ
- Transliteration
- whqlt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 6
ܕܚܫܒܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܚܫܒܘܢ
- Transliteration
- dhshbwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 6
ܐܒܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܒܕ
- Transliteration
- 'bd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 14
ܥܕܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܕܡܐ
- Transliteration
- 'dm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 606
ܠܪܝܒܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܪܝܒܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lrybwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܘܨ̈ܕܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܨܕܝ
- Transliteration
- wsdy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܥܕܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܕܡܐ
- Transliteration
- 'dm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 606
ܠܢܟܚ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܢܟܚ
- Transliteration
- lnkh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܕܒܡܕܒܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܒܡܕܒܪܐ
- Transliteration
- dbmdbr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 13
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Jugum ipsorum disperiit ad Hesebon usque Dibon: lassi pervenerunt in Nophe, et usque Medaba.]
14 word entries
iugum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iugum
- Transliteration
- iugum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 69
ipsorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ipse
- Transliteration
- ipsorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 2134
disperiit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dispereo
- Transliteration
- disperiit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 12
ab
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- ab
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
Esebon
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Esebos
- Transliteration
- Esebon
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 5
usque
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- usque
- Transliteration
- usque
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1221
Dibon
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Dibo
- Transliteration
- Dibon
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 11
lassi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lassus
- Transliteration
- lassi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 19
pervenerunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- peruenio
- Transliteration
- pervenerunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 84
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
Nophe
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nophe
- Transliteration
- Nophe
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
usque
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- usque
- Transliteration
- usque
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1221
Medaba
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Medaba
- Transliteration
- Medaba
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 5
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Isaiah 15:2
He is gone up to Bayith, and to Dibon, to the high places, to weep: Moab howleth over Nebo, and over Medeba: on all their heads is baldness, every beard is cut off.
5 relevance votesJeremiah 48:18
O thou daughter that dwellest in Dibon, come down from thy glory, and sit in thirst; for the spoiler of Moab is come up against thee, he hath destroyed thy strong holds.
5 relevance votesJeremiah 48:22
and upon Dibon, and upon Nebo, and upon Beth-diblathaim;
4 relevance votesNumbers 32:3
Ataroth, and Dibon, and Jazer, and Nimrah, and Heshbon, and Elealeh, and Sebam, and Nebo, and Beon,
3 relevance votesJoshua 13:17
Heshbon, and all her cities that are in the plain; Dibon, and Bamoth-baal, and Beth-baal-meon;
3 relevance votesNumbers 32:34
And the children of Gad built Dibon, and Ataroth, and Aroer;
3 relevance votes2 Samuel 11:24
And the shooters shot at thy servants from off the wall; and some of the king’s servants be dead, and thy servant Uriah the Hittite is dead also.
2 relevance votesPsalms 18:14
And he sent out his arrows, and scattered them; yea, lightnings manifold, and discomfited them.
2 relevance votesIsaiah 15:9
For the waters of Dimon are full of blood: for I will bring yet more upon Dimon, a lion upon him that escapeth of Moab, and upon the remnant of the land.
2 relevance votesGenesis 49:23
The archers have sorely grieved him, And shot at him, and persecuted him:
2 relevance votes