18 For such persons are not serving Christ, our Master, but are slaves to their own appetites; and, by their smooth words and flattery, they deceive simple-minded people.
Open English Bible, US Edition
Romans 16
Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 18
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Romans 16:18. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
85
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Οἱ γὰρ τοιοῦτοι τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ οὐ δουλεύουσιν, ἀλλὰ τῇ ἑαυτῶν κοιλίᾳ· καὶ διὰ τῆς χρηστολογίας καὶ εὐλογίας ἐξαπατῶσι τὰς καρδίας τῶν ἀκάκων.
25 word entries
Οἱ
γὰρ
τοιοῦτοι
τῷ
Κυρίῳ
ἡμῶν
Ἰησοῦ
Χριστῷ
οὐ
δουλεύουσιν
- Lemma
- douleuousin
- Transliteration
- douleuousin
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G1398
- Occurrences
- 1
ἀλλὰ
τῇ
ἑαυτῶν
κοιλίᾳ
καὶ
διὰ
τῆς
χρηστολογίας
- Lemma
- crhstologiav
- Transliteration
- crhstologiav
- Morphology
- Greek: noun genitive singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G5542
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
εὐλογίας
ἐξαπατῶσι
- Lemma
- exapatwsin
- Transliteration
- exapatwsin
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G1818
- Occurrences
- 1
τὰς
καρδίας
τῶν
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
οἱ γὰρ τοιοῦτοι τῷ κυρίῳ ἡμῶν Χριστῷ οὐ δουλεύουσιν ἀλλὰ τῇ ἑαυτῶν κοιλίᾳ, καὶ διὰ τῆς χρηστολογίας καὶ εὐλογίας ἐξαπατῶσιν τὰς καρδίας τῶν ἀκάκων.
24 word entries
οἱ
τῷ
τῇ
καὶ
τῆς
χρηστολογίας
- Lemma
- χρηστολογία
- Morphology
- N-GSF
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G5542
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
τὰς
τῶν
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܐܝܠܝܢ ܓܝܪ ܕܗܟܢܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܠܐ ܡܫܡܫܝܢ ܠܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܐܠܐ ܠܟܪܣܗܘܢ ܘܒܡܠܐ ܒܣܝܡܬܐ ܘܒܒܘܪܟܬܐ ܡܛܥܝܢ ܠܒܘܬܐ ܕܦܫܝܛܐ
17 word entries
ܐܝܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- 'ylyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 319
ܓܝܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܓܝܪ
- Transliteration
- gyr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1085
ܕܗܟܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܗܟܢܐ
- Transliteration
- dhkn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 33
ܐܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'nwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 462
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 1681
ܡܫܡܫܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܫܡܫܝܢ
- Transliteration
- mshmshyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 2
ܠܡܪܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܡܪܢ
- Transliteration
- lmrn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 27
ܝܫܘܥ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܫܘܥ
- Transliteration
- yshw'
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 848
ܡܫܝܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܫܝܚܐ
- Transliteration
- mshyh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 404
ܐܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܠܐ
- Transliteration
- 'l'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 784
ܠܟܪܣܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܪܣܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lkrshwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܒܡܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܡܠܐ
- Transliteration
- wbml'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܒܣܝܡܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܣܝܡܬܐ
- Transliteration
- bsymt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܒܒܘܪܟܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܒܘܪܟܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wbbwrkt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܡܛܥܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܥܝܢ
- Transliteration
- mt'yn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 2
ܠܒܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܒܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- lbwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܕܦܫܝܛܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܦܫܝܛܐ
- Transliteration
- dpshyt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Hujuscemodi enim Christo Domino nostro non serviunt, sed suo ventri: et per dulces sermones et benedictiones seducunt corda innocentium.
19 word entries
huiusmodi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- huiusmodi
- Transliteration
- huiusmodi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 67
enim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- enim
- Transliteration
- enim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2392
Christo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Christus
- Transliteration
- Christo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 541
Domino
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dominus
- Transliteration
- Domino
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 8181
nostro
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- noster
- Transliteration
- nostro
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1263
non
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- non
- Transliteration
- non
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7320
serviunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- seruio
- Transliteration
- serviunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 283
sed
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sed
- Transliteration
- sed
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1637
suo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- suus
- Transliteration
- suo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5783
ventri
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uenter
- Transliteration
- ventri
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 74
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
per
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- per
- Transliteration
- per
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 1915
dulces
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dulcis
- Transliteration
- dulces
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 32
sermones
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sermo
- Transliteration
- sermones
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 626
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
benedictiones
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- benedictio
- Transliteration
- benedictiones
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 119
seducunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- seduco
- Transliteration
- seducunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 51
corda
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cor
- Transliteration
- corda
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1028
innocentium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- innocens
- Transliteration
- innocentium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 62
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Colossians 2:4
I say this to prevent anyone from deceiving you by plausible arguments.
15 relevance votesMatthew 7:15
“Beware of false teachers – people who come to you in the guise of sheep, but at heart they are ravenous wolves.
13 relevance votes1 Timothy 6:5
and incessant wrangling on the part of these corrupt-minded people who have lost all hold on the truth, and who think of religion only as a source of gain.
10 relevance votesMicah 3:5
Therefore the Lord says: “To the prophets who lead my people astray, who when they have food between their teeth declare peace, but against one who puts nothing in their mouths, they proclaim an open war!
10 relevance votesPhilippians 3:19
The end of such people is ruin; for their appetites are their God, and they glory in their shame; their minds are given up to earthly things.
9 relevance votes2 Peter 2:3
In their covetousness they will try to make you a source of profit by their fabrications; but for a long time past their sentence has not been standing idle, nor their ruin slumbering.
9 relevance votesJude 1:16
These people are always murmuring, and complaining of their lot; they follow where their passions lead them; they have arrogant words on their lips; and they flatter others for the sake of what they can get from them.
6 relevance votes2 Thessalonians 2:10
to the ruin of those who are on the path to destruction, because they have never received and loved the truth to their own salvation.
6 relevance votesGalatians 1:10
Is this, I ask, trying to conciliate people, or God? Am I seeking to please people? If I were still trying to please people, I should not be a servant of Christ. The Independence of the Apostle’s Gospel
5 relevance votesProverbs 22:3
4 relevance votesMatthew 24:24
for false Christs and false prophets will arise, and will display great signs and marvels, so that, were it possible, even God’s people would be led astray.
4 relevance votes