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Open English Bible, US Edition

Genesis 18

Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 11

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¹¹ Now Sarah and Abraham were advanced in years;

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Genesis 18:11. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 57

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וְאַבְרָהָ֤ם וְשָׂרָה֙ זְקֵנִ֔ים בָּאִ֖ים בַּיָּמִ֑ים חָדַל֙ לִהְי֣וֹת לְשָׂרָ֔ה אֹ֖רַח כַּנָּשִֽׁים׃

10 word entries

וְאַבְרָהָ֤ם

Lemma: c/85
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun proper
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H85
Occurrences: 8

וְשָׂרָה֙

Lemma: c/8283
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun proper
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H8283
Occurrences: 3

זְקֵנִ֔ים

Lemma: 2205
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H2205
Occurrences: 103

בָּאִ֖ים

Lemma: 935
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H935
Occurrences: 1266

בַּיָּמִ֑ים

Lemma: b/3117
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3117
Occurrences: 662

חָדַל֙

Lemma: 2308
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2308
Occurrences: 41

לִהְי֣וֹת

Lemma: l/1961
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1961
Occurrences: 74

לְשָׂרָ֔ה

Lemma: l/8283
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8283
Occurrences: 4

אֹ֖רַח

Lemma: 734
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H734
Occurrences: 45

כַּנָּשִֽׁים

Lemma: k/802
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine plural absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H802
Occurrences: 5

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἁβραὰμ δὲ καὶ Σάῤῥα πρεσβύτεροι προβεβηκότες ἡμερῶν· ἐξέλιπε δὲ τῇ Σάῤῥᾳ γίνεσθαι τὰ γυναικεια.

14 word entries

Ἁβραὰμ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἀβραάμ
Transliteration: Abraam
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Abraham
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Abraham.
Occurrences: 153

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

Σάῤῥα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σάῤῥα
Transliteration: saa
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 22

πρεσβύτεροι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πρεσβύτερος
Transliteration: presbyteroi
Morphology: comparative adjective/substantive, masculine nominative plural
Gloss: elders
Part of Speech: adjective/substantive
Definition: Elder, older person, or community leader.
Occurrences: 153

προβεβηκότες

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: προβεβηκότες
Transliteration: probebekotes
Morphology: perfect active participle, nominative masculine plural pattern
Gloss: having ...
Part of Speech: participle
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἡμερῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἡμέρα
Transliteration: hemera
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: day
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Day.
Occurrences: 2366

ἐξέλιπε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἐξέλιπε
Transliteration: exelipe
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἐξέλιπε
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 23

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

τῇ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Σάῤῥᾳ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σάῤῥᾳ
Transliteration: saa
Morphology: dative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: to/for ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 5

γίνεσθαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: γίνεσθαι
Transliteration: ginesthai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 12

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

γυναικεια

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: γυναικεια
Transliteration: gynaikeia
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

Targum Onkelos Torah Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Torah

Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.

וְאַבְרָהָם וְשָׂרָה סִיבוּ עַלּוּ בְיוֹמִין פְּסַק מִלְּמֶהֱוֵי לְשָׂרָה אוֹרַח כִּנְשַׁיָּא

10 word entries

וְאַבְרָהָם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אברהם
Transliteration: w'brhm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 152

וְשָׂרָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שרה
Transliteration: wshrh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 42

סִיבוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סיבו
Transliteration: sybw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 12

עַלּוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עלו
Transliteration: 'lw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 26

בְיוֹמִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יומין
Transliteration: bywmyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 144

פְּסַק

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פסק
Transliteration: psq
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 5

מִלְּמֶהֱוֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: למהוי
Transliteration: mlmhwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

לְשָׂרָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שרה
Transliteration: lshrh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 42

אוֹרַח

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אורח
Transliteration: 'wrch
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 13

כִּנְשַׁיָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נשיא
Transliteration: knshy'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 17

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܒܪܗܡ ܘܣܪܐ ܣܐܒܘ ܘܥܠܘ ܒܫܢ̈ܝܐ. ܥܒܪ ܡܢ ܕܠܡܗܘܐ ܠܣܪܐ ܐܘܪܚܐ ܕܢܫ̈ܐ.

11 word entries

ܘܐܒܪܗܡ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W>BRHM
Morphology: W->BRHM/
Occurrences: 0

ܘܣܪܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WSR>
Morphology: W-SR>/
Occurrences: 0

ܣܐܒܘ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: S>BW
Morphology: S>B[W
Occurrences: 0

ܘܥܠܘ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W<LW
Morphology: W-<L(L[W
Occurrences: 0

ܒܫܢ̈ܝܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BCN"J>
Morphology: B-CN(>/J~>
Occurrences: 0

ܥܒܪ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: <BR
Morphology: <BR[
Occurrences: 0

ܡܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MN
Morphology: MN
Occurrences: 0

ܕܠܡܗܘܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DLMHW>
Morphology: D-L-!M!HW(J&>[/
Occurrences: 0

ܠܣܪܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LSR>
Morphology: L-SR>/
Occurrences: 0

ܐܘܪܚܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >WRX>
Morphology: >WRX/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܕܢܫ̈ܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DNC">
Morphology: D-NC/(J~>
Occurrences: 0

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Erant autem ambo senes, provectæque ætatis, et desierant Saræ fieri muliebria.

12 word entries

erant

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: erant
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

autem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: autem
Transliteration: autem
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5069

ambo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ambo
Transliteration: ambo
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 51

senes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: senex
Transliteration: senes
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 231

provectaeque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: proueho
Transliteration: provectaeque
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 6

{provectaeque}

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: que
Transliteration: {provectaeque}
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4392

aetatis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aetas
Transliteration: aetatis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 38

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

desierant

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: desino
Transliteration: desierant
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 25

Sarrae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Sarra
Transliteration: Sarrae
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 44

fieri

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: fio
Transliteration: fieri
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 449

muliebria

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: muliebris
Transliteration: muliebria
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 8

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Genesis 18

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