Micah 6

Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 1

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¹ Hear now what the Lord is saying: Arise, present your complaint before the mountains, let the hills hear your voice!

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Micah 6:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 67

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

שִׁמְעוּ־נָ֕א אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֖ה אֹמֵ֑ר ק֚וּם רִ֣יב אֶת־הֶהָרִ֔ים וְתִשְׁמַ֥עְנָה הַגְּבָע֖וֹת קוֹלֶֽךָ׃

13 word entries

שִׁמְעוּ

Lemma: 8085
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8085
Occurrences: 784

נָ֕א

Lemma: 4994
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H4994
Occurrences: 403

אֵ֥ת

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

אֲשֶׁר

Lemma: 834 a
Morphology: Hebrew: particle relative
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H834
Occurrences: 4808

יְהוָ֖ה

Lemma: 3068
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3068
Occurrences: 5701

אֹמֵ֑ר

Lemma: 559
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 1301

ק֚וּם

Lemma: 6965 b
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H6965
Occurrences: 318

רִ֣יב

Lemma: 7378
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7378
Occurrences: 47

אֶת

Lemma: 854
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H854
Occurrences: 674

הֶהָרִ֔ים

Lemma: d/2022
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H2022
Occurrences: 157

וְתִשְׁמַ֥עְנָה

Lemma: c/8085
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H8085
Occurrences: 250

הַגְּבָע֖וֹת

Lemma: d/1389
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common feminine plural absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H1389
Occurrences: 14

קוֹלֶֽךָ

Lemma: 6963 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6963
Occurrences: 260

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἀκούσατε δὴ λόγον· Κύριος Κύριος εἶπεν, ἀνάστηθι, κρίθητι πρὸς τὰ ὄρη, καὶ ἀκουσάτωσαν βουνοὶ φωνήν σου.

16 word entries

Ἀκούσατε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀκούω
Transliteration: akousate
Morphology: verb, aorist active imperative, 2nd plural
Gloss: hear, listen
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To hear, listen, or obey.
Occurrences: 438

δὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δή
Transliteration: de
Morphology: particle
Gloss: indeed, now, then
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Emphatic or connective particle.
Occurrences: 284

λόγον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λόγος
Transliteration: logon
Morphology: noun, masculine accusative singular
Gloss: word, matter
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Word, speech, account, matter, or reason.
Strong's: G3056
Occurrences: 1103

Κύριος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

Κύριος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

εἶπεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: eipen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it said
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

ἀνάστηθι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀνίστημι
Transliteration: anastethi
Morphology: verb, aorist active imperative, 2nd singular
Gloss: arise, stand up
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To rise, stand up, arise, or raise.
Occurrences: 216

κρίθητι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κρίθητι
Transliteration: kritheti
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

πρὸς

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: πρὸς
Transliteration: pros
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with/toward
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: with/toward
Strong's: G4314
Occurrences: 3989

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὄρη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὄρος
Transliteration: oros
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: mountain
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Mountain or hill.
Occurrences: 607

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἀκουσάτωσαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀκουσάτωσαν
Transliteration: akoysatosan
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

βουνοὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: βουνοὶ
Transliteration: boynoi
Morphology: nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 16

φωνήν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: φωνήν
Transliteration: phonen
Morphology: accusative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 16

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܫܡܥܘ ܡܟܝܠ ܡܕܡ ܕܐܡܪ ܡܪܝܐ ܩܘܡ ܕܘܢ ܥܡ ܛܘܪ̈ܐ ܘܢܫ̈ܡܥܢ ܩܠܟ ܪ̈ܡܬܐ

12 word entries

ܫܡܥܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܡܥܘ
Transliteration: shm'w
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 144

ܡܟܝܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܟܝܠ
Transliteration: mkyl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 113

ܡܕܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܕܡ
Transliteration: mdm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 406

ܕܐܡܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܐܡܪ
Transliteration: d'mr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 191

ܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܪܝܐ
Transliteration: maryah
Morphology: divine title, emphatic form
Gloss: Lord
Occurrences: 2917

ܩܘܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܘܡ
Transliteration: qwm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 43

ܕܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܘܢ
Transliteration: dwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 7

ܥܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܡ
Transliteration: 'm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 697

ܛܘܪ̈ܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܘܪܐ
Transliteration: twr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 170

ܘܢܫ̈ܡܥܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܢܫܡܥܢ
Transliteration: wnshm'n
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܩܠܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܠܟ
Transliteration: qlk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 11

ܪ̈ܡܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܪܡܬܐ
Transliteration: rmt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 62

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

שְׁמָעוּ כְעַן יַת דַייָ אֲמַר קוּם דוֹן עִם טוּרַיָא וְיִשְׁמַעַן רָמָתָא קָלָךְ׃

12 word entries

שְׁמָעוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שמעו
Transliteration: shm'w
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 97

כְעַן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כען
Transliteration: k'n
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 555

יַת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 4303

דַייָ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דיי
Transliteration: dyy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1761

אֲמַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: 'mr
Morphology: verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss: said, spoke
Occurrences: 3728

קוּם

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: קום
Transliteration: qwm
Morphology: verbal root קום
Gloss: arise, stand
Occurrences: 52

דוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דון
Transliteration: dwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 108

עִם

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: עם
Transliteration: 'm
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with
Occurrences: 1754

טוּרַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טוריא
Transliteration: twry'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 123

וְיִשְׁמַעַן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ישמען
Transliteration: wyshm'n
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

רָמָתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רמתא
Transliteration: rmt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 67

קָלָךְ׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קלך
Transliteration: qlk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 5

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

[Audite quæ Dominus loquitur: Surge, contende judicio adversum montes, et audiant colles vocem tuam.

14 word entries

audite

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: audio
Transliteration: audite
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1534

quae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: quae
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

Dominus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Dominus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

loquitur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: loquor
Transliteration: loquitur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1543

surge

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: surgo
Transliteration: surge
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 421

contende

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: contendo
Transliteration: contende
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 29

iudicio

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: iudicium
Transliteration: iudicio
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 529

adversum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aduersus
Transliteration: adversum
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 428

montes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: mons
Transliteration: montes
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 644

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

audiant

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: audio
Transliteration: audiant
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1534

colles

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: collis
Transliteration: colles
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 80

vocem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uox
Transliteration: vocem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 583

tuam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tuam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Micah 6

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Jeremiah 22:29

Deuteronomy 32:1

Micah 1:2

Ezekiel 36:1

Psalms 50:4

Deuteronomy 4:26

Isaiah 1:2

Ezekiel 36:8

Psalms 50:1

Luke 19:40

Micah 1:4

Ezekiel 37:4