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Open English Bible, US Edition

Mark 15

Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 33

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³³ At midday, a darkness came over the whole country, lasting until three in the afternoon.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Mark 15:33. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 4

Word Entries 52

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Greek Textus Receptus Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: New Testament

Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.

Γενομένης δὲ ὥρας ἕκτης, σκότος ἐγένετο ἐφ᾿ ὅλην τὴν γῆν ἕως ὥρας ἐννάτης.

13 word entries

Γενομένης

Lemma: genomenhv
Transliteration: genomenhv
Morphology: Greek: verb second aorist middle deponent participle genitive singular feminine
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: G1096
Occurrences: 34

δὲ

Lemma: de
Transliteration: de
Morphology: Greek: conjunction
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: G1161
Occurrences: 2860

ὥρας

Lemma: wrav
Transliteration: wrav
Morphology: Greek: noun genitive singular feminine
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: G5610
Occurrences: 21

ἕκτης

Lemma: ekthv
Transliteration: ekthv
Morphology: Greek: adjective genitive singular feminine
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: G1623
Occurrences: 2

σκότος

Lemma: skotov
Transliteration: skotov
Morphology: Greek: noun nominative singular neuter
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: G4655
Occurrences: 14

ἐγένετο

Lemma: egeneto
Transliteration: egeneto
Morphology: Greek: verb second aorist middle deponent indicative singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: G1096
Occurrences: 204

ἐφ᾿

Lemma: ef
Transliteration: ef
Morphology: Greek: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: G1909
Occurrences: 82

ὅλην

Lemma: olhn
Transliteration: olhn
Morphology: Greek: adjective accusative singular feminine
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: G3650
Occurrences: 20

τὴν

Lemma: thn
Transliteration: thn
Morphology: Greek: article accusative singular feminine
Part of Speech: article
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 1565

γῆν

Lemma: ghn
Transliteration: ghn
Morphology: Greek: noun accusative singular feminine
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: G1093
Occurrences: 78

ἕως

Lemma: ewv
Transliteration: ewv
Morphology: Greek: adverb
Part of Speech: adverb
Strong's: G2193
Occurrences: 148

ὥρας

Lemma: wrav
Transliteration: wrav
Morphology: Greek: noun genitive singular feminine
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: G5610
Occurrences: 21

ἐννάτης

Lemma: ennathv
Transliteration: ennathv
Morphology: Greek: adjective genitive singular feminine
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: G1766
Occurrences: 3

Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel

Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.

Καὶ γενομένης ὥρας ἕκτης σκότος ἐγένετο ἐφ’ ὅλην τὴν γῆν ἕως ὥρας ἐνάτης.

13 word entries

Καὶ

Lemma: καί
Morphology: CONJ
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 8969

γενομένης

Lemma: γίνομαι
Morphology: V-2ADP-GSF
Part of Speech: V
Strong's: G1096
Occurrences: 667

ὥρας

Lemma: ὥρα
Morphology: N-GSF
Part of Speech: N
Strong's: G5610
Occurrences: 106

ἕκτης

Lemma: ἕκτος
Morphology: A-GSF
Part of Speech: A
Strong's: G1623
Occurrences: 15

σκότος

Lemma: σκότος
Morphology: N-NSN
Part of Speech: N
Strong's: G4655
Occurrences: 31

ἐγένετο

Lemma: γίνομαι
Morphology: V-2ADI-3S
Part of Speech: V
Strong's: G1096
Occurrences: 667

ἐφ’

Lemma: ἐπί
Morphology: PREP
Part of Speech: PREP
Strong's: G1909
Occurrences: 888

ὅλην

Lemma: ὅλος
Morphology: A-ASF
Part of Speech: A
Strong's: G3650
Occurrences: 109

τὴν

Lemma: ὁ
Morphology: T-ASF
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 19763

γῆν

Lemma: γῆ
Morphology: N-ASF
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Earth, ground, or land.
Strong's: G1093
Occurrences: 249

ἕως

Lemma: ἕως
Morphology: ADV
Part of Speech: ADV
Strong's: G2193
Occurrences: 145

ὥρας

Lemma: ὥρα
Morphology: N-GSF
Part of Speech: N
Strong's: G5610
Occurrences: 106

ἐνάτης.

Lemma: ἔννατος
Morphology: A-GSF
Part of Speech: A
Strong's: G1766
Occurrences: 10

Syriac Peshitta New Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: New Testament

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܟܕ ܗܘܝ ܫܬ ܫܥܝܢ ܗܘܐ ܚܫܘܟܐ ܥܠ ܟܠܗ ܐܪܥܐ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܫܥܐ ܬܫܥ

12 word entries

ܘܟܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܟܕ
Transliteration: wkd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 429

ܗܘܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܗܘܝ
Transliteration: hwy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 90

ܫܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܬ
Transliteration: sht
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
Occurrences: 6

ܫܥܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܥܝܢ
Transliteration: sh'yn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 20

ܗܘܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘܐ
Transliteration: hwa
Morphology: verb, being/becoming root form
Gloss: was, became
Occurrences: 1535

ܚܫܘܟܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܫܘܟܐ
Transliteration: hshwk'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 15

ܥܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܠ
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 909

ܟܠܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܠܗ
Transliteration: klh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 171

ܐܪܥܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܐܪܥܐ
Transliteration: ara
Morphology: noun, feminine emphatic singular
Gloss: earth, land
Occurrences: 109

ܥܕܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܕܡܐ
Transliteration: 'dm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 196

ܠܫܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܫܥܐ
Transliteration: lsh''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 2

ܬܫܥ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܫܥ
Transliteration: tsh'
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 4

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Et facta hora sexta, tenebræ factæ sunt per totam terram usque in horam nonam.

14 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

facta

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: facio
Transliteration: facta
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 4719

hora

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: hora
Transliteration: hora
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 142

sexta

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sextus
Transliteration: sexta
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 49

tenebrae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tenebrae
Transliteration: tenebrae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 162

factae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: facio
Transliteration: factae
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 4719

sunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: sunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

per

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: per
Transliteration: per
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 1915

totam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: totus
Transliteration: totam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 276

terram

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: terra
Transliteration: terram
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: earth
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: earth, land, ground
Etymology: Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
Occurrences: 3087

usque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: usque
Transliteration: usque
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 1221

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

horam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: hora
Transliteration: horam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 142

nonam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nonus
Transliteration: nonam
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 40

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Mark 15

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Matthew 27:45

Mark 15:25

Psalms 105:28