Joshua
Chapter 2
Verse 2
OEB
Jump to another chapter in Joshua
Jump to a verse in Joshua 2
Open English Bible, US Edition

Joshua 2

Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 2

Show original chapter

2 The king of Jericho was told that some men of Israel had come that night to find out about the country,

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Joshua 2:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 76
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיֵּ֣אָמַ֔ר לְמֶ֥לֶךְ יְרִיח֖וֹ לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֣ה אֲ֠נָשִׁים בָּ֣אוּ הֵ֧נָּה הַלַּ֛יְלָה מִבְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לַחְפֹּ֥ר אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

14 word entries
וַיֵּ֣אָמַ֔ר
Lemma
c/559
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb niphal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H559
Occurrences
3026
לְמֶ֥לֶךְ
Lemma
l/4428
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H4428
Occurrences
201
יְרִיח֖וֹ
Lemma
3405
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3405
Occurrences
44
לֵאמֹ֑ר
Lemma
l/559
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H559
Occurrences
936
הִנֵּ֣ה
Lemma
2009
Morphology
Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H2009
Occurrences
473
אֲ֠נָשִׁים
Lemma
376
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H376
Occurrences
1458
בָּ֣אוּ
Lemma
935
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H935
Occurrences
1266
הֵ֧נָּה
Lemma
2008
Morphology
Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech
adverb
Strong's
H2008
Occurrences
45
הַלַּ֛יְלָה
Lemma
d/3915
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H3915
Occurrences
58
מִבְּנֵ֥י
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H1121
Occurrences
134
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
Lemma
3478
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3478
Occurrences
2260
לַחְפֹּ֥ר
Lemma
l/2658
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H2658
Occurrences
2
אֶת
Lemma
853
Morphology
Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H853
Occurrences
8730
הָאָֽרֶץ
Lemma
d/776
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H776
Occurrences
981
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἀπηγγέλη τῷ βασιλεῖ Ἱεριχὼ, λέγοντες, εἰσπεπόρευνται ὧδε ἄνδρες τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ κατασκοπεῦσαι τὴν γῆν.

15 word entries
Καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἀπηγγέλη
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
apeggele
Morphology
nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
27
τῷ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
βασιλεῖ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
basileus
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
king
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
King or ruler.
Occurrences
3067
Ἱεριχὼ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
iericho
Morphology
proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss
Ἱεριχὼ
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
37
λέγοντες
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
legontes
Morphology
present active participle, nominative masculine plural
Gloss
saying
Part of Speech
verb/participle
Definition
To say or speak.
Occurrences
5490
εἰσπεπόρευνται
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
eispeporeyntai
Morphology
nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective/verb form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
1
ὧδε
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ὧδε
Transliteration
hode
Morphology
adverb
Gloss
here, thus
Part of Speech
adverb
Definition
Here or thus.
Occurrences
81
ἄνδρες
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
andres
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative plural
Gloss
men
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Man, male, husband.
Occurrences
1573
τῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
υἱῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
huios
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
son
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences
4805
Ἰσραὴλ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Israel
Morphology
proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss
Israel
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Israel; the patriarch, people, or land depending on context.
Occurrences
2695
κατασκοπεῦσαι
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
kataskopeysai
Morphology
Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss
to ...
Part of Speech
infinitive/verb form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
6
τὴν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
γῆν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
γῆ
Transliteration
gen
Morphology
noun, feminine accusative singular
Gloss
earth, land
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Earth, ground, or land.
Strong's
G1093
Occurrences
2962
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܬܐܡܪ ܠܡܠܟܐ ܕܐܝܪܝܚܘ ܕܗܐ ܓܒܪ̈ܐ ܐܬܘ ܠܗܪܟܐ ܒܠܠܝܐ ܡܢ ܒܢ̈ܝ ܐܝܣܪܝܠ ܠܡܓܫ ܐܪܥܐ

13 word entries
ܘܐܬܐܡܪ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
W>T>MR
Morphology
W-@>T@>MR[
Occurrences
0
ܠܡܠܟܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
LMLK>
Morphology
L-MLK/~>
Occurrences
0
ܕܐܝܪܝܚܘ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
D>JRJXW
Morphology
D->JRJXW/
Occurrences
0
ܕܗܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
DH>
Morphology
D-H>
Occurrences
0
ܓܒܪ̈ܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
GBR">
Morphology
GBR/(J~>
Occurrences
0
ܐܬܘ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
>TW
Morphology
>T(J[W
Occurrences
0
ܠܗܪܟܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
LHRK>
Morphology
L-HRK>
Occurrences
0
ܒܠܠܝܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
BLLJ>
Morphology
B-L(JLJ/~>
Occurrences
0
ܡܢ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
MN
Morphology
MN
Occurrences
0
ܒܢ̈ܝ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
BN"J
Morphology
BN/J
Occurrences
0
ܐܝܣܪܝܠ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
>JSRJL
Morphology
>JSRJL/
Occurrences
0
ܠܡܓܫ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
LMGC
Morphology
L-!M!GC(C[/
Occurrences
0
ܐܪܥܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
>R<>
Morphology
>R</~>
Occurrences
0
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְאִתְאַמַר לְמַלְכָּא דִירִיחוֹ לְמֵימָר הָא גוּבְרַיָא אֲתוֹ הָכָא בְּלֵילְיָא מִבְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְאַלָלָא יַת אַרְעָא׃

14 word entries
וְאִתְאַמַר
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
w't'mr
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
37
לְמַלְכָּא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
מלך
Transliteration
lmlk'
Morphology
prefixed preposition ל + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss
to/for king
Occurrences
2509
דִירִיחוֹ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
dyrychw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
45
לְמֵימָר
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
אמר
Transliteration
lmymr
Morphology
prefixed preposition ל + speech root/form
Gloss
to/for to say, saying
Occurrences
3728
הָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
הא
Transliteration
h'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
704
גוּבְרַיָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
gwbry'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
13
אֲתוֹ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
אתו
Transliteration
'tw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
255
הָכָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
הכא
Transliteration
hk'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
39
בְּלֵילְיָא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
ליל
Transliteration
blyly'
Morphology
prefixed preposition ב + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss
in/with night
Occurrences
232
מִבְּנֵי
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
בר
Transliteration
mbny
Morphology
prefixed preposition מ + noun plural construct
Gloss
from sons, children of
Occurrences
2734
יִשְׂרָאֵל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
yshr'l
Morphology
proper noun
Gloss
Israel
Occurrences
2312
לְאַלָלָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
l'll'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
9
יַת
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
ית
Transliteration
yt
Morphology
accusative/direct object marker
Gloss
direct object marker
Occurrences
4303
אַרְעָא׃
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
ארע
Transliteration
'r''
Morphology
noun feminine singular emphatic
Gloss
earth, land
Occurrences
1735
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Nuntiatumque est regi Jericho, et dictum: Ecce viri ingressi sunt huc per noctem de filiis Israël, ut explorarent terram.

20 word entries
nuntiatumque
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
nuntio
Transliteration
nuntiatumque
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
184
{nuntiatumque}
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
que
Transliteration
{nuntiatumque}
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences
4392
est
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sum
Transliteration
est
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
20614
regi
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
rex
Transliteration
regi
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
2981
Hiericho
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Iericho
Transliteration
Hiericho
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
63
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
dictum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
dico
Transliteration
dictum
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
6477
ecce
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ecce
Transliteration
ecce
Morphology
GreLa POS: other
Occurrences
1031
viri
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
uir
Transliteration
viri
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
1641
ingressi
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
ingressi
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
561
sunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sum
Transliteration
sunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
20614
huc
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
huc
Transliteration
huc
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
68
per
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
per
Transliteration
per
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
1915
noctem
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
nox
Transliteration
noctem
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
345
de
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
de
Transliteration
de
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
4779
filiis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
filius
Transliteration
filiis
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
5067
Israhel
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Israel
Transliteration
Israhel
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
2547
ut
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ut
Transliteration
ut
Morphology
GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences
4533
explorarent
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
exploro
Transliteration
explorarent
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
13
terram
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
terra
Transliteration
terram
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Gloss
earth
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
earth, land, ground
Etymology
Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
Occurrences
3087

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Psalms 127:1

Unless the Lord builds the house, those who build it labor in vain. Unless the Lord guards the city, the watchman wakes in vain.

2 relevance votes
Chapter 2 of 24 Verse 2 of 24