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Open English Bible, US Edition

Esther 9

Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 17

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¹⁷ This was on the thirteenth day of Adar. On the fourteenth day of the month Adar the Jews rested and made it a day of feasting and rejoicing.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Esther 9:17. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 4

Word Entries 71

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

בְּיוֹם־שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר לְחֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֑ר וְנ֗וֹחַ בְּאַרְבָּעָ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ בּ֔וֹ וְעָשֹׂ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ י֖וֹם מִשְׁתֶּ֥ה וְשִׂמְחָֽה׃

14 word entries

בְּיוֹם

Lemma: b/3117
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3117
Occurrences: 662

שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה

Lemma: 7969
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H7969
Occurrences: 309

עָשָׂ֖ר

Lemma: 6240
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H6240
Occurrences: 336

לְחֹ֣דֶשׁ

Lemma: l/2320
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H2320
Occurrences: 104

אֲדָ֑ר

Lemma: 143
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H143
Occurrences: 8

וְנ֗וֹחַ

Lemma: c/5117
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal infinitive absolute
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5117
Occurrences: 26

בְּאַרְבָּעָ֤ה

Lemma: b/702
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + adjective
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H702
Occurrences: 19

עָשָׂר֙

Lemma: 6240
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H6240
Occurrences: 336

בּ֔וֹ

Lemma: b
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 1362

וְעָשֹׂ֣ה

Lemma: c/6213 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal infinitive absolute
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H6213
Occurrences: 692

אֹת֔וֹ

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker + suffix
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

י֖וֹם

Lemma: 3117
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3117
Occurrences: 731

מִשְׁתֶּ֥ה

Lemma: 4960
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4960
Occurrences: 31

וְשִׂמְחָֽה

Lemma: c/8057
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H8057
Occurrences: 15

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܒܬܠܬܥܣܪܐ ܒܐܝܪܚ ܐܕܪ܆ ܘܐܬܬܢܝܚܘ ܒܐܪ̈ܒܥܣܪܐ ܒܗ ܒܝܪܚܐ.

7 word entries

ܒܬܠܬܥܣܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܬܠܬܥܣܪܐ
Transliteration: btlt'sr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 10

ܒܐܝܪܚ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܐܝܪܚ
Transliteration: b'yrh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 7

ܐܕܪ܆

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܕܪ
Transliteration: 'dr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 10

ܘܐܬܬܢܝܚܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܬܬܢܝܚܘ
Transliteration: w'ttnyhw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 4

ܒܐܪ̈ܒܥܣܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܐܪܒܥܣܪܐ
Transliteration: b'rb'sr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 11

ܒܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܗ
Transliteration: bh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 571

ܒܝܪܚܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܝܪܚܐ
Transliteration: byrh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 108

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

בְּיוֹם תְּלַת עַסְרֵי לְיֶרַח אֲדָר הֲוָה קְטוֹל בְּזַרְעִית דַעֲמָלֵק וּנְיָיחָא הֲוָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל בְּאַרְבַּע עֲשַׂר בֵּיהּ וּמֶעְבַּד יָתֵיהּ יוֹם מִשְׁתַּיָא וְחֶדְוָא׃

20 word entries

בְּיוֹם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יום
Transliteration: bywm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 899

תְּלַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תלת
Transliteration: tlt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 149

עַסְרֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עסרי
Transliteration: 'sry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 66

לְיֶרַח

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ירח
Transliteration: lyrch
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 30

אֲדָר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אדר
Transliteration: 'dr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 16

הֲוָה

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: הוה
Transliteration: hwh
Morphology: verbal root הוה
Gloss: was, became, happened
Occurrences: 1114

קְטוֹל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קטול
Transliteration: qtwl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 64

בְּזַרְעִית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: זרעית
Transliteration: bzr'yt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 50

דַעֲמָלֵק

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עמלק
Transliteration: d'mlq
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 33

וּנְיָיחָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נייחא
Transliteration: wnyych'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

הֲוָה

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: הוה
Transliteration: hwh
Morphology: verbal root הוה
Gloss: was, became, happened
Occurrences: 1114

לְיִשְׂרָאֵל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ישראל
Transliteration: lyshr'l
Morphology: prefixed preposition ל + proper noun
Gloss: to/for Israel
Occurrences: 2312

בְּאַרְבַּע

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ארבע
Transliteration: b'rb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 114

עֲשַׂר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עשר
Transliteration: 'shr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 32

בֵּיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ביה
Transliteration: byh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 359

וּמֶעְבַּד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מעבד
Transliteration: wm'bd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 278

יָתֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתיה
Transliteration: ytyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 381

יוֹם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יום
Transliteration: ywm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 899

מִשְׁתַּיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שתיא
Transliteration: mshty'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 25

וְחֶדְוָא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חדוא
Transliteration: wchdw'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 57

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Dies autem tertiusdecimus mensis Adar primus apud omnes interfectionis fuit, et quartadecima die cædere desierunt. Quem constituerunt esse solemnem, ut in eo omni tempore deinceps vacarent epulis, gaudio, atque conviviis.

30 word entries

dies

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dies
Transliteration: dies
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2559

autem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: autem
Transliteration: autem
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5069

tertiusdecimus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tertiusdecimus
Transliteration: tertiusdecimus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1

mensis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: mensis
Transliteration: mensis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 302

adar

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: adar
Transliteration: adar
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 12

unus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: unus
Transliteration: unus
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 1077

apud

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: apud
Transliteration: apud
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 300

omnes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omnes
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

interfectionis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: interfectio
Transliteration: interfectionis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 17

fuit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: fuit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

quartodecimo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quartodecimus
Transliteration: quartodecimo
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 6

die

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dies
Transliteration: die
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2559

caedere

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: caedo
Transliteration: caedere
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 89

desierunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: desino
Transliteration: desierunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 25

quem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: quem
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

constituerunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: constituo
Transliteration: constituerunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 313

esse

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: esse
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

sollemnem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sollemnis
Transliteration: sollemnem
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 31

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ut
Transliteration: ut
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4533

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eo
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

omni

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omni
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

deinceps

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: deinceps
Transliteration: deinceps
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 26

tempore

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tempus
Transliteration: tempore
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 761

vacarent

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uaco
Transliteration: vacarent
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 18

epulis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: epulae
Transliteration: epulis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 15

gaudio

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: gaudium
Transliteration: gaudio
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 142

atque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: atque
Transliteration: atque
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 755

conviviis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: conuiuium
Transliteration: conviviis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 67

Source availability notes

These notes explain relevant source panels that are not shown for this verse because of source coverage, licensing, alternate traditions, or versification structure.

Greek LXX alternate tradition
The current Greek Brenton source archive does not expose this as the same canonical book. Related Greek Esther/Ezra traditions are tracked under separate or alternate structures where available.

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Esther 9:1

Now in the twelfth month (that is the month of Adar), on the thirteenth day, when the king’s command and his decree was about to be put into execution, on the day that the enemies of the Jews hoped to gain the mastery over them, then the tables were turned so that the Jews had the mastery over those who hated them.

3 relevance votes

Esther 9:21

He told them to keep the fourteenth day of the month of Adar and also the fifteenth day every year,

3 relevance votes

Esther 8:9

On the twenty-third day of the third month (that is the month of Sivan), the king’s secretaries were summoned and as Mordecai instructed an edict was issued to the Jews, to the satraps and provincial governors and the rulers of each of the one hundred twenty-seven provinces from India to Ethiopia in their own script and their own language, and to the Jews in their own script and language.

2 relevance votes

Esther 9:18

(But the Jews in Susa gathered on both the thirteenth and fourteenth day – and rested on the fifteenth day of the same month and made it a day of feasting and rejoicing.)

2 relevance votes

Esther 3:12

And so, on the thirteenth day of the first month, the king’s secretaries were summoned and as Haman instructed an edict was issued to the king’s satraps and provincial governors and the rulers of each of the peoples in their own script and their own language. The edict was written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with his ring.

2 relevance votes

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