26 For this cause God gave them up to vile passions. For even their women indulged in unnatural lust,
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Romans 1:26. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
80
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Διὰ τοῦτο παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς εἰς πάθη ἀτιμίας· αἵ τε γὰρ θήλειαι αὐτῶν μετήλλαξαν τὴν φυσικὴν χρῆσιν εἰς τὴν παρὰ φύσιν·
22 word entries
Διὰ
τοῦτο
παρέδωκεν
αὐτοὺς
ὁ
Θεὸς
εἰς
πάθη
ἀτιμίας
αἵ
τε
γὰρ
θήλειαι
αὐτῶν
μετήλλαξαν
- Lemma
- methllaxan
- Transliteration
- methllaxan
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G3337
- Occurrences
- 2
τὴν
φυσικὴν
χρῆσιν
εἰς
τὴν
παρὰ
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
διὰ τοῦτο παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς ὁ θεὸς εἰς πάθη ἀτιμίας· αἵ τε γὰρ θήλειαι αὐτῶν μετήλλαξαν τὴν φυσικὴν χρῆσιν εἰς τὴν παρὰ φύσιν,
22 word entries
παρέδωκεν
- Lemma
- παραδίδωμι
- Morphology
- V-AAI-3S
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G3860
- Occurrences
- 119
ὁ
θεὸς
αἵ
μετήλλαξαν
- Lemma
- μεταλλάσσω
- Morphology
- V-AAI-3P
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G3337
- Occurrences
- 2
τὴν
τὴν
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡܛܠ ܗܢܐ ܐܫܠܡ ܐܢܘܢ ܐܠܗܐ ܠܟܐܒܐ ܕܨܥܪܐ ܢܩܒܬܗܘܢ ܓܝܪ ܚܠܦ ܚܫܚܬܐ ܕܟܝܢܗܝܢ ܘܒܡܕܡ ܕܠܐ ܡܟܢ ܐܬܚܫܚ
16 word entries
ܡܛܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܠ
- Transliteration
- mtl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 632
ܗܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܢܐ
- Transliteration
- hn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 482
ܐܫܠܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܫܠܡ
- Transliteration
- 'shlm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 7
ܐܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'nwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 462
ܐܠܗܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܠܗܐ
- Transliteration
- alaha
- Morphology
- noun, masculine emphatic singular
- Gloss
- God
- Occurrences
- 497
ܠܟܐܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܐܒܐ
- Transliteration
- lk'b'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܨܥܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܨܥܪܐ
- Transliteration
- ds'r'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܢܩܒܬܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܩܒܬܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- nqbthwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 1
ܓܝܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܓܝܪ
- Transliteration
- gyr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1085
ܚܠܦ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܠܦ
- Transliteration
- hlp
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 68
ܚܫܚܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܫܚܬܐ
- Transliteration
- hshht'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 3
ܕܟܝܢܗܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܟܝܢܗܝܢ
- Transliteration
- dkynhyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܒܡܕܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܡܕܡ
- Transliteration
- wbmdm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܕܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 720
ܡܟܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܟܢ
- Transliteration
- mkn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܬܚܫܚ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܬܚܫܚ
- Transliteration
- 'thshh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Propterea tradidit illos Deus in passiones ignominiæ: nam feminæ eorum immutaverunt naturalem usum in eum usum qui est contra naturam.
20 word entries
propterea
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- propterea
- Transliteration
- propterea
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 165
tradidit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- trado
- Transliteration
- tradidit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 513
illos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
Deus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- deus
- Transliteration
- Deus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- God
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- God, deity
- Etymology
- Latin noun for God or a god.
- Occurrences
- 4889
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
passiones
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- passio
- Transliteration
- passiones
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 21
ignominiae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ignominia
- Transliteration
- ignominiae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 51
nam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nam
- Transliteration
- nam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 211
feminae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- femina
- Transliteration
- feminae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 42
eorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
inmutaverunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- immuto
- Transliteration
- inmutaverunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 32
naturalem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- naturalis
- Transliteration
- naturalem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 5
usum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- usus
- Transliteration
- usum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 40
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
eum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
usum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- usus
- Transliteration
- usum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 40
qui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- qui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
contra
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- contra
- Transliteration
- contra
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 895
naturam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- natura
- Transliteration
- naturam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 17
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Jude 1:7
even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them, in like manner with them giving themselves over to fornication, and going away after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of everlasting fire.
25 relevance votes1 Timothy 1:10
for whoremongers, for them that defile themselves with mankind, for men-stealers, for liars, for perjured persons, and if there be any other thing that is contrary to the sound teaching,
20 relevance votesRomans 1:24
Wherefore God also gave them over in the lusts of their hearts to impurity, to debase their bodies with one another;
17 relevance votes1 Corinthians 6:9
Know ye not, that wrongdoers shall not inherit the kingdom of God? Be not deceived; neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor the effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind,
15 relevance votesEphesians 4:19
who, being past feeling, have given themselves up to wantonness, to work all uncleanness in greediness.
13 relevance votesGenesis 19:5
10 relevance votesJudges 19:22
8 relevance votesEphesians 5:12
For the things done in secret by them it is a shame even to speak of.
7 relevance votesRomans 1:28
And as they did not choose to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them up to a reprobate mind, to do things which are shameful;
6 relevance votes1 Thessalonians 4:5
not in the passion of lust, even as the gentiles who know not God;
6 relevance votesJude 1:10
But these rail at the things which they know not; but what things they understand naturally, as brute beasts, in these they corrupt themselves.
4 relevance votes