12 The night is far spent, the day is at hand; let us then throw off the works of darkness, and put on the armor of light.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Romans 13:12. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
64
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Ἡ νὺξ προέκοψεν, ἡ δὲ ἡμέρα ἤγγικεν· ἀποθώμεθα οὖν τὰ ἔργα τοῦ σκότους, καὶ ἐνδυσώμεθα τὰ ὅπλα τοῦ φωτός.
19 word entries
Ἡ
νὺξ
προέκοψεν
ἡ
δὲ
ἡμέρα
ἤγγικεν
ἀποθώμεθα
οὖν
τὰ
ἔργα
τοῦ
σκότους
καὶ
ἐνδυσώμεθα
- Lemma
- enduswmeqa
- Transliteration
- enduswmeqa
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist middle subjunctive plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G1746
- Occurrences
- 1
τὰ
ὅπλα
τοῦ
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
ἡ νὺξ προέκοψεν, ἡ δὲ ἡμέρα ἤγγικεν. ἀποθώμεθα οὖν τὰ ἔργα τοῦ σκότους, ἐνδυσώμεθα δὲ τὰ ὅπλα τοῦ φωτός.
19 word entries
ἡ
ἡ
τὰ
τοῦ
τὰ
τοῦ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܠܠܝܐ ܡܟܝܠ ܥܒܪ ܘܐܝܡܡܐ ܩܪܒ ܢܢܝܚ ܡܢܢ ܗܟܝܠ ܥܒܕܐ ܕܚܫܘܟܐ ܘܢܠܒܫ ܙܝܢܗ ܕܢܘܗܪܐ
13 word entries
ܠܠܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܠܝܐ
- Transliteration
- lly'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 17
ܡܟܝܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܟܝܠ
- Transliteration
- mkyl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 50
ܥܒܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܒܪ
- Transliteration
- 'br
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 30
ܘܐܝܡܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܝܡܡܐ
- Transliteration
- w'ymm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܩܪܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܪܒ
- Transliteration
- qrb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 45
ܢܢܝܚ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܢܝܚ
- Transliteration
- nnyh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܡܢܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢܢ
- Transliteration
- mnn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 29
ܗܟܝܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܟܝܠ
- Transliteration
- hkyl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 250
ܥܒܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܒܕܐ
- Transliteration
- 'bd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 132
ܕܚܫܘܟܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܚܫܘܟܐ
- Transliteration
- dhshwk'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 9
ܘܢܠܒܫ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܠܒܫ
- Transliteration
- wnlbsh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܙܝܢܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܙܝܢܗ
- Transliteration
- zynh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܕܢܘܗܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܘܗܪܐ
- Transliteration
- dnwhr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 7
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Nox præcessit, dies autem appropinquavit. Abjiciamus ergo opera tenebrarum, et induamur arma lucis.
13 word entries
nox
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nox
- Transliteration
- nox
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 345
praecessit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praecedo
- Transliteration
- praecessit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 68
dies
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dies
- Transliteration
- dies
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2559
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
adpropiavit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- approprio
- Transliteration
- adpropiavit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 18
abiciamus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- abicio
- Transliteration
- abiciamus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 56
ergo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ergo
- Transliteration
- ergo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1237
opera
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- opus
- Transliteration
- opera
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 656
tenebrarum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tenebrae
- Transliteration
- tenebrarum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 162
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
induamur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- induo
- Transliteration
- induamur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 124
arma
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- arma
- Transliteration
- arma
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 86
lucis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lux
- Transliteration
- lucis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 154
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Ephesians 5:11
and have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather even reprove them.
29 relevance votes2 Corinthians 6:7
in the word of truth, in the power of God, by the weapons of righteousness on the right hand and on the left,
23 relevance votesJames 1:21
Wherefore put off all filthiness, and excess of wickedness, and receive with meekness the implanted word, which is able to save your souls.
20 relevance votesRomans 13:14
but clothe yourselves with the Lord Jesus Christ, and think not about satisfying the lusts of the flesh.
17 relevance votesEphesians 4:22
that as to your former way of life ye should put off the old man, who perisheth according to the lusts of deceit,
17 relevance votesIsaiah 30:22
Ye shall treat as defiled the silver coverings of your graven images, And the golden clothing of your molten images, Ye shall cast them away as an unclean thing; Away! shall ye say to them.
16 relevance votes1 Peter 2:1
Laying aside therefore all malice, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envies, and all slander,
11 relevance votesSong of Solomon 2:17
When the day breathes, and the shadows flee away, Come again, my beloved, like a gazelle, or a young hind, Upon the craggy mountains.
10 relevance votesRevelation 1:3
Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of the prophecy, and keep the things written therein; for the time is at hand.
9 relevance votesIsaiah 2:20
At that time shall men cast away their idols of silver and their idols of gold, Which they have made to worship, To the moles and the bats;
8 relevance votesRevelation 22:10
And he saith to me, Seal not the words of the prophecy of this book; the time is at hand.
7 relevance votes