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George Noyes Bible

Proverbs 27

George Noyes Bible, Verse 9

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⁹ Oil and perfume gladden the heart; Sweet also is one's friend by hearty counsel.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 27:9. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 54

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

שֶׁ֣מֶן וּ֭קְטֹרֶת יְשַׂמַּֽח־לֵ֑ב וּמֶ֥תֶק רֵ֝עֵ֗הוּ מֵֽעֲצַת־נָֽפֶשׁ׃

8 word entries

שֶׁ֣מֶן

Lemma: 8081
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8081
Occurrences: 66

וּ֭קְטֹרֶת

Lemma: c/7004
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7004
Occurrences: 6

יְשַׂמַּֽח

Lemma: 8055
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8055
Occurrences: 88

לֵ֑ב

Lemma: 3820 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3820
Occurrences: 463

וּמֶ֥תֶק

Lemma: c/4986
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H4986
Occurrences: 2

רֵ֝עֵ֗הוּ

Lemma: 7453
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7453
Occurrences: 129

מֵֽעֲצַת

Lemma: m/6098
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6098
Occurrences: 3

נָֽפֶשׁ

Lemma: 5315
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5315
Occurrences: 576

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Μύροις καὶ οἴνοις καὶ θυμιάμασι τέρπεται καρδία, καταῤῥήγνυται δὲ ὑπὸ συμπτωμάτων ψυχή.

12 word entries

Μύροις

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: μύροις
Transliteration: myrois
Morphology: dative plural masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: to/for ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

οἴνοις

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: οἴνοις
Transliteration: oinois
Morphology: dative plural masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss: to/for ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

θυμιάμασι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: θυμιάμασι
Transliteration: thymiamasi
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

τέρπεται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: τέρπεται
Transliteration: terpetai
Morphology: verb, present/future middle-passive form, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

καρδία

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καρδία
Transliteration: kardia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: heart
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Heart, inner life, mind, or will.
Occurrences: 867

καταῤῥήγνυται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: καταῤῥήγνυται
Transliteration: kataegnytai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

ὑπὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὑπό
Transliteration: hypo
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: under, by
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided form of ὑπό.
Occurrences: 443

συμπτωμάτων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: συμπτωμάτων
Transliteration: symptomaton
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ψυχή

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ψυχή
Transliteration: psyche
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: soul, life
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Soul, life, self, or living being.
Occurrences: 809

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܐܝܟ ܡܫܚܐ ܘܒܣ̈ܡܐ ܕܡܚܕܝܢ ܠܒܐ ܗܟܢܐ ܗܘ ܡ̇ܢ ܕܡܒܣܡ ܠܚܒܪܗ ܒܡܠ̣ܟܐ ܕܢܦܫܗ

12 word entries

ܐܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܟ
Transliteration: 'yk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2051

ܡܫܚܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܫܚܐ
Transliteration: mshh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 27

ܘܒܣ̈ܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܒܣܡܐ
Transliteration: wbsm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 10

ܕܡܚܕܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܚܕܝܢ
Transliteration: dmhdyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1

ܠܒܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܒܐ
Transliteration: lb'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 95

ܗܟܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܗܟܢܐ
Transliteration: hkn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 718

ܗܘ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘ
Transliteration: hu
Morphology: pronoun/copula, masculine singular
Gloss: he, it, is
Occurrences: 2003

ܡ̇ܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܕܡܒܣܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܒܣܡ
Transliteration: dmbsm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1

ܠܚܒܪܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܚܒܪܗ
Transliteration: lhbrh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 40

ܒܡܠ̣ܟܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܡܠܟܐ
Transliteration: bmlk'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 14

ܕܢܦܫܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܢܦܫܗ
Transliteration: dnpshh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 18

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

מִשְׁחָא וּבוּסְמָא דְמַחֲדְיָן לִבָּא הֵיכְנָא גַבְרָא דִמְבַסִים לְחַבְרֵי בְּתַרְעִיתָא דְנַפְשֵׁיהּ׃

10 word entries

מִשְׁחָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שחא
Transliteration: mshch'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 26

וּבוּסְמָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בוסמא
Transliteration: wbwsm'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 4

דְמַחֲדְיָן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מחדין
Transliteration: dmchdyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

לִבָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לבא
Transliteration: lb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 168

הֵיכְנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: היכנא
Transliteration: hykn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 78

גַבְרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גברא
Transliteration: gbr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 524

דִמְבַסִים

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מבסים
Transliteration: dmbsym
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

לְחַבְרֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חברי
Transliteration: lchbry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 10

בְּתַרְעִיתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תרעיתא
Transliteration: btr'yt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 13

דְנַפְשֵׁיהּ׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נפשיה
Transliteration: dnpshyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 106

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Unguento et variis odoribus delectatur cor, et bonis amici consiliis anima dulcoratur.]

12 word entries

unguento

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: unguentum
Transliteration: unguento
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 35

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

variis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uarius
Transliteration: variis
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 48

odoribus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: odor
Transliteration: odoribus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 79

delectatur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: delecto
Transliteration: delectatur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 35

cor

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cor
Transliteration: cor
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1028

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

bonis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: bonus
Transliteration: bonis
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 847

amici

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: amicus
Transliteration: amici
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 220

consiliis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: consilium
Transliteration: consiliis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 232

anima

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: anima
Transliteration: anima
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 916

dulcoratur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dulcoro
Transliteration: dulcoratur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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