9 Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to heaviness.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to James 4:9. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
53
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Ταλαιπωρήσατε καὶ πενθήσατε καὶ κλαύσατε· ὁ γέλως ὑμῶν εἰς πένθος μεταστραφήτω, καὶ ἡ χαρὰ εἰς κατήφειαν.
16 word entries
Ταλαιπωρήσατε
- Lemma
- talaipwrhsate
- Transliteration
- talaipwrhsate
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist active imperative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G5003
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
πενθήσατε
καὶ
κλαύσατε
ὁ
γέλως
ὑμῶν
εἰς
πένθος
μεταστραφήτω
- Lemma
- metastrafhtw
- Transliteration
- metastrafhtw
- Morphology
- Greek: verb second aorist passive imperative singular
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G3344
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
ἡ
χαρὰ
εἰς
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
ταλαιπωρήσατε καὶ πενθήσατε, κλαύσατε· ὁ γέλως ὑμῶν εἰς πένθος μετατραπήτω καὶ ἡ χαρὰ εἰς κατήφειαν.
15 word entries
ταλαιπωρήσατε
- Lemma
- ταλαιπωρέω
- Morphology
- V-AAM-2P
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G5003
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
ὁ
μετατραπήτω
- Lemma
- μεταστρέφω
- Morphology
- V-2APM-3S
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G3344
- Occurrences
- 3
καὶ
ἡ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܐܬܡܟܟܘ ܘܐܬܐܒܠܘ ܘܓܘܚܟܟܘܢ ܠܐܒܠܐ ܢܬܗܦܟ ܘܚܕܘܬܟܘܢ ܠܥܩܬܐ
7 word entries
ܐܬܡܟܟܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܬܡܟܟܘ
- Transliteration
- 'tmkkw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3
ܘܐܬܐܒܠܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܬܐܒܠܘ
- Transliteration
- w't'blw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܘܓܘܚܟܟܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܓܘܚܟܟܘܢ
- Transliteration
- wgwhkkwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܐܒܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܐܒܠܐ
- Transliteration
- l'bl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܢܬܗܦܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܬܗܦܟ
- Transliteration
- nthpk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 4
ܘܚܕܘܬܟܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܚܕܘܬܟܘܢ
- Transliteration
- whdwtkwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܠܥܩܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܥܩܬܐ
- Transliteration
- l'qt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Miseri estote, et lugete, et plorate: risus vester in luctum convertatur, et gaudium in mœrorem.
15 word entries
miseri
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- miser
- Transliteration
- miseri
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 28
estote
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- estote
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
lugete
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lugeo
- Transliteration
- lugete
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 45
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
plorate
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ploro
- Transliteration
- plorate
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 46
risus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- risus
- Transliteration
- risus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 15
vester
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uester
- Transliteration
- vester
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1504
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
luctum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- luctus
- Transliteration
- luctum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 44
convertatur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- conuerto
- Transliteration
- convertatur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 343
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
gaudium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- gaudium
- Transliteration
- gaudium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 142
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
maerorem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- maeror
- Transliteration
- maerorem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 13
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Matthew 5:4
Blessed \+add are\+add* they that mourn: for they shall be comforted.
19 relevance votesLuke 6:25
Woe unto you that are full! for ye shall hunger. Woe unto you that laugh now! for ye shall mourn and weep.
13 relevance votesProverbs 14:13
Even in laughter the heart is sorrowful; and the end of that mirth is heaviness.
12 relevance votesPsalms 119:67
Before I was afflicted I went astray: but now have I kept thy word.
8 relevance votesEzekiel 16:63
That thou mayest remember, and be confounded, and never open thy mouth any more because of thy shame, when I am pacified toward thee for all that thou hast done, saith the Lord GOD .
7 relevance votesEzekiel 7:16
¶ But they that escape of them shall escape, and shall be on the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them mourning, every one for his iniquity.
5 relevance votesLamentations 5:15
The joy of our heart is ceased; our dance is turned into mourning.
4 relevance votesLuke 16:25
But Abraham said, Son, remember that thou in thy lifetime receivedst thy good things, and likewise Lazarus evil things: but now he is comforted, and thou art tormented.
4 relevance votesJob 30:31
My harp also is turned to mourning, and my organ into the voice of them that weep.
4 relevance votesJeremiah 31:13
Then shall the virgin rejoice in the dance, both young men and old together: for I will turn their mourning into joy, and will comfort them, and make them rejoice from their sorrow.
3 relevance votesJeremiah 31:9
They shall come with weeping, and with supplications will I lead them: I will cause them to walk by the rivers of waters in a straight way, wherein they shall not stumble: for I am a father to Israel, and Ephraim is my firstborn.
3 relevance votesLuke 6:21
Blessed \+add are ye\+add* that hunger now: for ye shall be filled. Blessed \+add are ye\+add* that weep now: for ye shall laugh.
3 relevance votes