1 (60-1) For the Leader; upon Shushan Eduth; Michtam of David, to teach; (60-2) when he strove with Aram-naharaim and with Aram-zobah, and Joab returned, and smote of Edom in the Valley of Salt twelve thousand. (60-3) O God, Thou hast cast us off, Thou hast broken us down; Thou hast been angry; O restore us.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 60:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
32
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
לַ֭מְנַצֵּחַ עַל־שׁוּשַׁ֣ן עֵד֑וּת מִכְתָּ֖ם לְדָוִ֣ד לְלַמֵּֽד׃
7 word entries
לַ֭מְנַצֵּחַ
עַל
שׁוּשַׁ֣ן
עֵד֑וּת
מִכְתָּ֖ם
לְדָוִ֣ד
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Εἰς τὸ τέλος, ἐν ὕμνοις τῷ Δαυίδ.
7 word entries
Εἰς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- εἰς
- Transliteration
- eis
- Morphology
- preposition with accusative
- Gloss
- into, to, for
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
- Occurrences
- 6787
τὸ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
τέλος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- τέλος
- Transliteration
- telos
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
- Gloss
- end, completion
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- End, goal, completion, or outcome.
- Occurrences
- 139
ἐν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐν
- Transliteration
- en
- Morphology
- preposition with dative
- Gloss
- in, among, with
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the dative.
- Strong's
- G1722
- Occurrences
- 13086
ὕμνοις
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ὕμνοις
- Transliteration
- ymnois
- Morphology
- dative plural masculine/neuter pattern
- Gloss
- to/for ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 11
τῷ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Δαυίδ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Δαυίδ
- Transliteration
- Dauid
- Morphology
- proper noun, indeclinable
- Gloss
- David
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- David.
- Occurrences
- 1047
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
לְשַׁבָּחָא עַל עַתִּיק סַהֲדוּתָא דִי בְנֵי יַעֲקֹב וְלָבָן פַּרְשְׁגֶן עַל יַד דָוִד לְאַלָפָא׃
13 word entries
לְשַׁבָּחָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שבחא
- Transliteration
- lshbch'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 94
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
עַתִּיק
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עתיק
- Transliteration
- 'tyq
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 17
סַהֲדוּתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סהדותא
- Transliteration
- shdwt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 12
דִי
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- די
- Transliteration
- dy
- Morphology
- relative/genitive particle
- Gloss
- of, that, which
- Occurrences
- 1711
בְנֵי
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- בר
- Transliteration
- bny
- Morphology
- noun plural construct
- Gloss
- sons, children of
- Occurrences
- 2734
יַעֲקֹב
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יעקב
- Transliteration
- y'qb
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 169
וְלָבָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לבן
- Transliteration
- wlbn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4
פַּרְשְׁגֶן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פרשגן
- Transliteration
- prshgn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
יַד
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- יד
- Transliteration
- yd
- Morphology
- noun feminine singular
- Gloss
- hand, power
- Occurrences
- 92
דָוִד
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דוד
- Transliteration
- dwd
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1106
לְאַלָפָא׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אלפא
- Transliteration
- l'lp'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 54
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
In finem. In hymnis David.
5 word entries
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
finem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- finis
- Transliteration
- finem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 331
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
hymnis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hymnus
- Transliteration
- hymnis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 25
David
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Dauid
- Transliteration
- David
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1095
These notes explain relevant source panels that are not shown for this verse because of source coverage, licensing, alternate traditions, or versification structure.
-
Syriac Peshitta
source structure
The imported Syriac/Peshitta Psalms source does not expose this Psalm title or postscript as a separate one-to-one verse panel.
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
2 Samuel 8:3
David smote also Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to establish his dominion at the river Euphrates.
6 relevance votesPsalms 44:9
(44-10) Yet Thou hast cast off, and brought us to confusion; and goest not forth with our hosts.
5 relevance votes1 Chronicles 18:3
And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah by Hamath, as he went to establish his dominion at the river Euphrates.
4 relevance votes2 Samuel 5:20
And David came to Baal-perazim, and David smote them there; and he said: 'The LORD hath broken mine enemies before me, like the breach of waters.' Therefore the name of that place was called Baal-perazim.
4 relevance votes2 Kings 14:7
He slew of Edom in the Valley of Salt ten thousand, and took Sela by war, and called the name of it Joktheel, unto this day.
3 relevance votesPsalms 90:13
Return, O LORD; how long? And let it repent Thee concerning Thy servants.
3 relevance votesPsalms 85:4
(85-5) Restore us, O God of our salvation, and cause Thine indignation toward us to cease.
3 relevance votes2 Chronicles 25:11
And Amaziah took courage, and led forth his people, and went to the Valley of Salt, and smote of the children of Seir ten thousand.
2 relevance votes1 Samuel 13:11
And Samuel said: 'What hast thou done?' And Saul said: 'Because I saw that the people were scattered from me, and that thou camest not within the days appointed, and that the Philistines assembled themselves together against Michmas;
2 relevance votesPsalms 89:3
(89-4) I have made a covenant with My chosen, I have sworn unto David My servant:
2 relevance votesPsalms 80:3
(80-4) O God, restore us; and cause Thy face to shine, and we shall be saved.
2 relevance votesPsalms 59:1
(59-1) For the Leader; Al-tashheth. A Psalm of David; Michtam; when Saul sent, and they watched the house to kill him. (59-2) Deliver me from mine enemies, O my God; set me on high from them that rise up against me.
2 relevance votes