23 The poor will speak with supplications, and the rich will speak roughly.
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Douay-Rheims American Edition
Proverbs 18
Douay-Rheims American Edition, Verse 23
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 18:23. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
26
Editorial Notes
1
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
תַּחֲנוּנִ֥ים יְדַבֶּר־רָ֑שׁ וְ֝עָשִׁ֗יר יַעֲנֶ֥ה עַזּֽוֹת׃
6 word entries
תַּחֲנוּנִ֥ים
יְדַבֶּר
רָ֑שׁ
וְ֝עָשִׁ֗יר
יַעֲנֶ֥ה
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡܣܟܢܐ ܡܡܠܠ ܪ̈ܟܝܟܬܐ ܘܥܬܝܪܐ ܡܡܠܠ ܥܫܝ̈ܢܬܐ
6 word entries
ܡܣܟܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܣܟܢܐ
- Transliteration
- mskn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 52
ܡܡܠܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܡܠܠ
- Transliteration
- mmll
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 55
ܪ̈ܟܝܟܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܟܝܟܬܐ
- Transliteration
- rkykt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 2
ܘܥܬܝܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܥܬܝܪܐ
- Transliteration
- w'tyr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5
ܡܡܠܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܡܠܠ
- Transliteration
- mmll
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 55
ܥܫܝ̈ܢܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܫܝܢܬܐ
- Transliteration
- 'shynt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 48
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
תַּחֲנוּנֵי נְמַלֵל מִסְכְּנָא וְעַתִּירָא נְמַלֵל עֲשִׁינָתָא׃
6 word entries
תַּחֲנוּנֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תחנוני
- Transliteration
- tchnwny
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 3
נְמַלֵל
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נמלל
- Transliteration
- nmll
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 3
מִסְכְּנָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סכנא
- Transliteration
- mskn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 17
וְעַתִּירָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עתירא
- Transliteration
- w'tyr'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 13
נְמַלֵל
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נמלל
- Transliteration
- nmll
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 3
עֲשִׁינָתָא׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עשינתא
- Transliteration
- 'shynt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 3
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Cum obsecrationibus loquetur pauper, et dives effabitur rigide.
8 word entries
cum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cum
- Transliteration
- cum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 5272
obsecrationibus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- obsecratio
- Transliteration
- obsecrationibus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 17
loquetur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- loquor
- Transliteration
- loquetur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1543
pauper
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pauper
- Transliteration
- pauper
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 231
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
dives
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- diues
- Transliteration
- dives
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 101
effabitur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- effor
- Transliteration
- effabitur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 2
rigide
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- rigide
- Transliteration
- rigide
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1
Spirit Nation Greek LXX Alignment Note
English · Greek Septuagint Structure · Spirit Nation Editorial Note
Coverage: Source-structure exceptions
Explains reader references where the imported tradition does not align one-to-one.
Editorial alignment note: The Greek Septuagint tradition often follows different ordering, grouping, or book structure here. Reader-side public-domain text for this reference: "The poor useth intreaties; but the rich answereth roughly." This panel is a study bridge only, not a replacement for an ancient source witness.
Source verse imported. Word-by-word lemma, morphology, gloss, and lexicon entries have not been attached for this language/source yet.
These notes explain relevant source panels that are not shown for this verse because of source coverage, licensing, alternate traditions, or versification structure.
-
Greek LXX
alternate structure
This Greek source uses tradition-specific ordering or verse grouping here. The closest one-to-one panel is not currently attached for this exact reference.
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
James 2:3
And you have respect to him that is clothed with the fine apparel, and shall say to him: Sit thou here well; but say to the poor man: Stand thou there, or sit under my footstool:
5 relevance votesJames 2:6
But you have dishonoured the poor man. Do not the rich oppress you by might? and do not they draw you before the judgment seats?
4 relevance votesExodus 5:2
But he answered: Who is the Lord, that I should hear his voice, and let Israel go? I know not the Lord, neither will I let Israel go.
4 relevance votesIsaiah 66:2
My hand made all these things, and all these things were made, saith the Lord. But to whom shall I have respect, but to him that is poor and little, and of a contrite spirit, and that trembleth at my words?
3 relevance votes1 Samuel 25:17
Wherefore consider, and think what thou hast to do: for evil is determined against thy husband, and against thy house, and he is a son of Belial, so that no man can speak to him.
3 relevance votesGenesis 42:30
The lord of the land spoke roughly to us, and took us to be spies of the country.
2 relevance votes1 Samuel 2:36
And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall remain in thy house, shall come that he may be prayed for, and shall offer a piece of silver, and a roll of bread, and shall say: Put me, I beseech thee, to somewhat of the priestly office, that I may eat a morsel of bread.
2 relevance votes1 Samuel 25:10
But Nabal answering the servants of David, said: Who is David? and what is the son of Isai? servants are multiplied now a days who flee from their masters.
2 relevance votesMatthew 5:3
Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
2 relevance votesGenesis 42:7
And he knew them, he spoke as it were to strangers somewhat roughly, asking them: Whence came you? They answered: From the land of Chanaan, to buy necessaries of life.
2 relevance votesRuth 2:7
And she desired leave to glean the ears of corn that remain, following the steps of the reapers: and she hath been in the field from morning till now, and hath not gone home for one moment.
2 relevance votes