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Brenton Septuagint Translation

Proverbs 12

Brenton Septuagint Translation, Verse 18

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¹⁸ Some wound as they speak, like swords; but the tongues of the wise heal.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 12:18. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 44

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

יֵ֣שׁ בּ֭וֹטֶה כְּמַדְקְר֣וֹת חָ֑רֶב וּלְשׁ֖וֹן חֲכָמִ֣ים מַרְפֵּֽא׃

7 word entries

יֵ֣שׁ

Lemma: 3426
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3426
Occurrences: 98

בּ֭וֹטֶה

Lemma: 981
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H981
Occurrences: 2

כְּמַדְקְר֣וֹת

Lemma: k/4094
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine plural construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4094
Occurrences: 1

חָ֑רֶב

Lemma: 2719
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2719
Occurrences: 218

וּלְשׁ֖וֹן

Lemma: c/3956
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common both gender singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3956
Occurrences: 20

חֲכָמִ֣ים

Lemma: 2450
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H2450
Occurrences: 104

מַרְפֵּֽא

Lemma: 4832
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4832
Occurrences: 13

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Εἰσὶν οἳ λέγοντες τιτρώσκουσι, μάχαιραι· γλῶσσαι δὲ σοφῶν ἰῶνται.

9 word entries

Εἰσὶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰμί
Transliteration: eisin
Morphology: verb, present active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they are
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To be or exist.
Strong's: G1510
Occurrences: 5427

οἳ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: hoi
Morphology: relative pronoun, nominative masculine plural
Gloss: who, which
Part of Speech: relative pronoun
Definition: Relative pronoun who, which, that.
Occurrences: 4123

λέγοντες

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: legontes
Morphology: present active participle, nominative masculine plural
Gloss: saying
Part of Speech: verb/participle
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

τιτρώσκουσι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: τιτρώσκουσι
Transliteration: titroskoysi
Morphology: verb, present/future active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

μάχαιραι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: μάχαιραι
Transliteration: machairai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

γλῶσσαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: γλῶσσαι
Transliteration: glossai
Morphology: Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 10

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

σοφῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σοφῶν
Transliteration: sophon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 27

ἰῶνται

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἰῶνται
Transliteration: iontai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܐܝܬ ܕܐܡܪܝܢ ܣܦܣܪܐ ܕܓܫܐ ܠܫܢܐ ܕܝܢ ܕܚܟ̈ܝܡܐ ܡܐܣܐ

8 word entries

ܐܝܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܬ
Transliteration: 'yt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
Occurrences: 293

ܕܐܡܪܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܐܡܪܝܢ
Transliteration: d'mryn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 34

ܣܦܣܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܣܦܣܪܐ
Transliteration: spsr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 4

ܕܓܫܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܓܫܐ
Transliteration: dgsh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 2

ܠܫܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܫܢܐ
Transliteration: lshn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 16

ܕܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܝܢ
Transliteration: dyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 951

ܕܚܟ̈ܝܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܚܟܝܡܐ
Transliteration: dhkym'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 22

ܡܐܣܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܐܣܐ
Transliteration: m's'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 6

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

אִית דְאִמְרֵיהּ סַפְסֵירָא רָגְשָׁא וְלִישָׁנָא דְחַכִּימֵי מָאסְיָא׃

7 word entries

אִית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אית
Transliteration: 'yt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 181

דְאִמְרֵיהּ

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: d'mryh
Morphology: verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss: said, spoke
Occurrences: 3728

סַפְסֵירָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ספסירא
Transliteration: spsyr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

רָגְשָׁא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רגשא
Transliteration: rgsh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 3

וְלִישָׁנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לישנא
Transliteration: wlyshn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 11

דְחַכִּימֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חכימי
Transliteration: dchkymy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 25

מָאסְיָא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אסיא
Transliteration: m'sy'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 8

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Est qui promittit, et quasi gladio pungitur conscientiæ: lingua autem sapientium sanitas est.

13 word entries

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

promittit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: promitto
Transliteration: promittit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 54

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

quasi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quasi
Transliteration: quasi
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 989

gladio

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: gladius
Transliteration: gladio
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 462

pungitur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pungo
Transliteration: pungitur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 4

conscientiae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: conscientia
Transliteration: conscientiae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 36

lingua

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lingua
Transliteration: lingua
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 219

autem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: autem
Transliteration: autem
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5069

sapientium

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sapiens
Transliteration: sapientium
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 208

sanitas

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sanitas
Transliteration: sanitas
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 39

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Chapter 12 of 31 Verse 18 of 30

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Proverbs 12

Source Text Study

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